List of female physicists

The list of female physicists includes female physicists who are known for their contributions to physics and as university lecturers. Physicists who are primarily known because of their non-specialist work such as politicians ( Angela Merkel ), athletes ( Jutta Kleinschmidt ), environmental activists ( Vandana Shiva ), astronauts ( Kathryn Ryan Cordell Thornton ) or journalists are not here, but in listed in the list of well-known physicists in other professional fields . Women who played a historical pioneering role were also included.

Women astronomers are included in the list of women astronomers . Historians are listed separately. Mathematicians who have also made contributions to physics but whose focus is clearly on the mathematical field, such as Karen Uhlenbeck , Emmy Noether , Olga Alexandrowna Ladyschenskaja , Ingrid Daubechies , Hilda Geiringer , are not listed (see list of important mathematicians ). The winners of the Hertha Sponer Prize and other prize winners and some of the female physicists listed in the brochure Einstein's colleagues (see literature ) are listed.

Physicists

Contents A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z

A.

Fay Ajzenberg-Selove (2008)

Hertha Marks Ayrton (1909)

• Almudena Arcones (* 1979), theoretical astrophysics, TU Darmstadt
• Fay Ajzenberg-Selove (1926–2012)
• Gisela Anton (* 1955)
• Elena Aprile (* 1954)
• Engin Arık (1948-2007)
• Marion Asche (1935-2013)
• Hertha Ayrton (1854–1923), plasma physics on the arc, ripple marks

B.

Laura Bassi

• Milla Baldo Ceolin (1924–2011), experimental particle physics, Prof. in Padua
• Marcia Barbosa (* 1960), Professor at the Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul
• Beatriz Barbuy (* 1950), astrophysics, Prof. at Universidad de Sao Paulo
• Laura Bassi (1711–1778)
• Katrin Becker (* 1967)
• Melanie Becker (1966-2020)
• Marietta Blau (1894–1970)
• Katherine Blodgett (1898-1979)
• Elizabeth Monroe Boggs (1913–1996), published as Elizabeth Monroe or EM Boggs, Physical Chemistry
• Katharina Boll-Dornberger (1909–1981)
• Christiane Bonnelle , Prof. Paris VI University, X-ray Spectroscopy
• Marie-Anne Bouchiat (* 1934)
• Jenny Bramley (1909–1997), among others Prof. at the University of Oregon, optics, atomic and molecular physics
• Catherine Bréchignac (* 1946)
• Françoise Brochard-Wyart (* 1944), Institut Curie in Paris, soft matter, did his doctorate with Pierre-Gilles de Gennes , Prix ​​Jean Ricard 1998.
• Harriet Brooks (1876-1933)
• Dagmar Bruß (* 1963), Prof. in Düsseldorf, Quantum Informatics
• Silke Bühler-Paschen (* 1967)
• Margaret Burbidge (1919-2020)

C.

Émilie du Châtelet

Marie Curie (1920)

• Élisabeth Charlaix , since 1997 Professor at the University of Claude-Bernard in Lyon and since 2010 in Grenoble, Nanofluidics and Forces Liquid-Wall, 2006 Prix ​​Jean Ricard
• Yvette Cauchois (1908–1999), chemical physics, atomic physics, X-ray crystallography, professor at the University of Paris VI
• Margaret Cavendish (1623–1673), Duchess of Newcastle
• Renate Chasman (1932–1977, née Wiener), accelerator physics, Brookhaven National Laboratory
• Émilie du Châtelet (1706–1749)
• Yvonne Choquet-Bruhat (* 1923)
• Mildred Cohn (1913-2009)
• Janine Connes (nee Roux), Orsay, Fourier transform spectroscopy
• Janet Conrad (* 1963), Columbia University, neutrino physics
• Anne Conway (1631–1679)
• Esther M. Conwell (1922–2014), University of Rochester, Solid State Physics, National Medal of Science 2009
• Erika Cremer (1900–1996)
• Marie Curie (1867–1934), Nobel Prize in Physics 1903, Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1911, international radium standard “Curie”, radiologist during the First World War

D.

• Sally Dawson (born 1955)
• Cornelia Denz (* 1963)
• Cécile DeWitt-Morette (1922-2017)
• Constance Dilworth (1924–2004), elementary particle physics, astrophysics, professor in Milan, married to Giuseppe Occhialini .
• Bianca Dittrich , Quantum Gravity, Perimeter Institute and previously MPI Gravitational Physics Golm
• Athene Donald (* 1953), Mott Medal
• Klara Döpel (née Mannß, 1900–1945, see Robert Döpel )
• Louise Dolan (* 1950), theoretical physics, Maria Goeppert-Mayer Award 1987, Prof. at the University of North Carolina
• Nancy Dowdy (* 1938), nuclear physics, formerly Argonne National Lab and University of Chicago, significantly involved in the start of the 1991 agreement, disarmament expert
• Persis Drell (* 1955)
• Mildred Dresselhaus (1930-2017)
• Barbara Drossel (* 1963), Prof. TU Darmstadt, statistical physics
• Janette Dunlop (1891–1971), worked and published with the later Nobel Prize winner Charles Glover Barkla

E.

Tatjana Ehrenfest (around 1910)

• Helen Edwards (1936–2016), Accelerator Physics
• Tatjana Ehrenfest-Afanassjewa (1876–1964)
• Magda Ericson (* 1929), professor in Lyon, nuclear physics

F.

• Marie Farge (1953), CNRS, Paris, numerical simulation in hydrodynamics
• Glennys Farrar , theoretical particle physics, received his PhD in Princeton in 1971, professor at New York University
• Sylvia Fedoruk (1927-2012)
• Francesca Ferlaino (* 1977), Italian experimental physicist, fundamentals of quantum physics (Bose-Einstein condensates), Austrian START Prize , ERC Starting Grant, Humboldt Professorship 2014 in Ulm, previously in Innsbruck
• Katharina Franke , FU Berlin, Solid State Physics, Hertha Sponer Prize 2012
• Melissa Franklin (* 1956), experimental particle physics
• Rosalind Franklin (1920-1958), Biophysics
• Ursula Franklin (1921-2016)
• Phyllis Freier (1921–1992), Prof. University of Minnesota, Cosmic Radiation

G

Fabiola Gianotti (2009)

• Mary Gaillard (* 1939)
• Tetyana Galatyuk , heavy ion collisions, TU Darmstadt, Röntgen Prize 2013 for the clarification of the DLS puzzle in the dilepton production in heavy ion collisions.
• Fanny Gates (1872–1931), student of Rutherford, radioactivity
• Ilse Gebeshuber (* 1969), Nanotechnology, University of Malaysia, previously Vienna
• Gillian Gehring (* 1941), Mott Medal
• Elisabeth Giacobino , French experimental physicist at the Laboratoire Kastler Brossel , Paris, research director of the CNRS, laser spectroscopy (since 1970s), nonlinear optics, quantum information theory, 2010 Prix ​​Félix Robin
• Fabiola Gianotti (* 1960), CERN, 2009 to 2013 spokeswoman for the ATLAS collaboration, from 2016 Director General of CERN
• Ellen Gleditsch (1879–1968), student of Marie Curie, Professor of Chemistry in Oslo, measurements of radioactive decays
• Maria Goeppert-Mayer (1906–1972), Nobel Prize in Physics 1963
• Gertrude Goldhaber (Gertrude Scharff-Goldhaber, 1911–1998)
• Sulamith Goldhaber (1923–1965), Experimental Particle Physics, Lawrence Radiation Laboratory
• Anna Grassellino , Fermilab
• Laura Greene (* 1952), solid state physicist, President of the APS
• Sibylle Günter (* 1964)

H

Anne L'Huillier (2012)

• Hilda Hänchen , Hilda Lindberg-Hänchen and Hilda Lindberg (1919–2013), Goos-Hänchen effect with Fritz Goos
• Gail G. Hanson (* 1947), Panofsky Prize
• Lene Hau (* 1959)
• Isolde Hausser (1889–1951)
• Martina Havenith-Newen (* 1963), Univ. Bochum, Molecular Physics, Human Frontier Science Award
• Evans Hayward (* 1922), nuclear physics, long at the National Institute of Standards
• Martina Hentschel (* 1971), MPI Complex Systems Dresden, solid-state optics, microlaser, Hertha Sponer Prize 2011
• Lieselott Herforth (1916-2010)
• Grete Hermann (1901–1984)
• Joan Hinton (1921-2010)
• Dorothy Hodgkin (1910-1994)
• Anne L'Huillier (* 1958), atomic physics, professorship in Lund, Julius Springer Prize 2003

J

Shirley Ann Jackson 2010 at the World Economic Forum in China

• Barbara Jacak , US nuclear physicist
• Cecilia Jarlskog (* 1941)
• Bertha Swirles Jeffreys (Bertha Swirles, 1903-1999), married to Harold Jeffreys , Cambridge, quantum theory
• Deborah Jin (1968-2016)
• Irène Joliot-Curie (1897–1956), Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1935
• Shirley Ann Jackson (* 1946), second African American doctorate in physics and former chair of the Nuclear Regulatory Commission

K

Hedwig Kohn (1912)

• Renata Ernestowna Kallosch (* 1943)
• Vassiliki Kalogera
• Birgit Kanngießer , TU Berlin, received the Röntgen Prize in 2008 in recognition of her development of a new method for using X-rays in microstructure analysis
• Berta Karlik (1904–1990)
• Bruria Kaufman (1918-2010)
• Ursula Keller (* 1959), ETH Zurich, ultra-short pulse laser physics, including the 2018 European Inventor Award , 2019 IEEE Edison Medal , 2020 Frederic Ives Medal
• Sabine Klapp , TU Berlin, Complex Fluids
• Olga Kocharovskaya (* 1956), Texas A&M University, quantum optics, Willis E. Lamb Prize
• Hedwig Kohn (1887–1964), spectroscopy
• Corinna Kollath (* 1976), Hertha Sponer Prize 2009
• Noemie Benczer Koller (* 1933), nuclear physics, professor at Rutgers University
• Doris Kuhlmann-Wilsdorf (* 1922), Materials Science, Prof. University of Virginia, did her doctorate in Göttingen
• Jutta Kunz (* 1955), Gravitational Physics, Prof. in Oldenburg

L.

• Marianne Lambert , professor emeritus for solid state physics at the University of Paris-Süd, Prix ​​Félix Robin 1981
• Minna Lang (1891-1959)
• Dominique Langevin (* 1947), Gentner-Kastler Prize
• Gerda Laski (1893–1928), collaborator on the handbook of physics
• Ellen Lax (1885–1974)
• Michèle Leduc (* 1942), French physicist at the Laboratoire Kastler Brossel , 1998 Körber Prize for European Science
• Juliet Lee-Franzini (* 1933), Prof. at SUNY, New York, experimental particle physics
• Liliane Leger-Quercy , Prof. Paris-Süd University, Polymers on contact surfaces, friction, adhesion, 2004 Prix ​​Félix Robin
• Inge Lehmann (1888–1993), geophysics
• Hendrika Johanna van Leeuwen (1887–1974)
• Michal Lipson (* 1970), MacArthur Fellow
• Liu Na (* 1979), Hertha Sponer Prize 2010
• Renate Loll (* 1962)
• Kathleen Lonsdale (1903-1971)
• Martha Lux-Steiner (* 1950), FU Berlin and Hahn-Meitner-Institut, solar energy

Maria Goeppert-Mayer

M.

Lise Meitner (around 1946)

• Cristina Marchetti (* 1955)
• Margaret Eliza Maltby (1860-1944)
• Mileva Marić (1875-1948)
• Nergis Mavalvala (* 1968)
• Marcia McNutt (born 1952)
• Helen Megaw (1907-2002), Crystallography, University of Cambridge
• Lise Meitner (1878–1968)
• Lucie Mensing (* 1902), early work on quantum mechanics
• Catherine Meusburger (1978), Austrian mathematician and physicist who conducts research in the field of string theory
• Luise Meyer-Schützmeister (1915–1981), did her doctorate in Berlin, Argonne National Laboratory, experimental nuclear physics, participation in the independent confirmation of the Mössbauer effect in 1959
• Karina Morgenstern (* 1968), Hertha Sponer Prize 2002 (first prize winner)
• Margaret Murnane (* 1959), Arthur L. Schawlow Prize for Laser Physics 2010

N

Ida Noddack

• Chiara Nappi (* 1948), Professor at Princeton, quantum field theory, string theory, with Edward Witten married
• Beate Naroska (1943–2008), CERN, DESY, Prof. Uni Hamburg, experimental particle physics
• Elsa Neumann (1872–1902)
• Gertrude Neumark (1927-2010)
• Ida Noddack (1896–1978)

P

• Felicitas Pauss (* 1951)
• Marguerite Perey (1909-1975)
• Marina Petri , Experimental Nuclear Structure Physics with Exotic Ion Beams, TU Darmstadt
• Melba Phillips (1907-2004)
• Agnes Pockels (1862-1935)
• Annemarie Pucci (* 1954), Prof. at the Kirchhoff Institute, Heidelberg, surface physics, thin films

Q

• Susanne Quabis (* 1966), MPI for Optics Erlangen, Nanophotonics
• Helen Quinn (born 1943)

R.

Lisa Randall

• Lisa Randall (born 1962)
• Heidi Reinholz (* 1959)
• Ana Maria Rey , MacArthur Fellow, Maria Goeppert Mayer Prize
• Heike Riel (* 1971)
• Monika Ritsch-Marte (* 1961), President of the Austrian Physical Society 2007–2008, Fellow of the Optical Society of America, ERC Advanced Grant
• Sylvie Roke (* 1977), Hertha Sponer Prize 2008
• Ilse Rosenthal-Schneider (1891–1990)
• Hildegard Rothe-Ille (1899–1942)
• Olga Georgievna Ryazhskaya , Institute for Nuclear Research (INR) of the Russian Academy of Sciences (of which she is a corresponding member), Markov Prize 2007, neutrino detectors

S.

• Irene Sänger-Bredt (1911–1983)
• Myriam Sarachik (* 1933), Prof. City College of New York, Solid State Physics, 2005 Oliver E. Buckley Condensed Matter Prize
• Elke Scheer (* 1965), Prof. in Konstanz, solid state physics, Gustav Hertz Prize
• Ilme Schlichting (* 1960)

Donna Strickland

• Inge Schmitz-Feuerhake (* 1935)
• Gisela Schütz , Klung Wilhelmy Weberbank Prize
• Anne Schukraft , Fermilab, RWTH Aachen, Hertha Sponer Prize 2014
• Petra Schwille (* 1968)
• Bice Sechi-Zorn (1928–1984), Experimental Particle Physics, Prof. University of Maryland
• Franziska Seidl (1892–1983)
• Johanna Levelt Sengers (* 1929), National Institute of Standards, behavior of liquids at the critical point
• Ekaterina Shamonina (* 1970), Hertha Sponer Prize 2006
• Christine Silberhorn (* 1974), Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Prize 2011, Heinz Maier Leibnitz Prize 2008, Hertha Sponer Prize 2007
• Eva Silverstein (* 1970), string theory
• Michelle Yvonne Simmons
• Clara von Simson (1897-1983)
• Sylvia Speller (* 1967)
• Hertha Sponer (1895–1968)
• Johanna Stachel (* 1954)
• Donna Strickland (* 1959), laser physics, Nobel Prize in Physics 2018
• Hildegard Stücklen (1891–1963), did her doctorate in 1919 with Robert Wichard Pohl in Göttingen, private lecturer in Zurich, later USA, spectroscopy, collaborator on the handbook of physics

T

Katrin Wendland (2010)

• Kerstin Tackmann (* 1978), DESY, Hertha Sponer Prize 2013
• Simone Techert (* 1968), DESY, Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry, Göttingen, Georg-August University, Göttingen, received the 2004 Röntgen Prize for ultrashort dynamics in organic solids with time-resolved X-rays
• Marie-Antoinette Tonnelat (1912–1980)
• Natalia Toro (* 1985), theoretical elementary particle physics, won the New Horizons in Physics Prize in 2015
• Eleonore Trefftz (1920–2017)

V

• Elena Vedmedenko (* 1962), Hertha Sponer Prize 2005
• Viola Vogel (* 1959), Julius Springer Prize 2006

W.

Leona Woods

• Hertha Wambacher (1903–1950)
• Katharine Way (1903–1995), Director of the Oak Ridge Lab and Professor at Duke University, Nuclear Physics
• Katrin Wendland (* 1970)
• Myrjam Winning (born Diehl, * 1970), Hertha Sponer Prize 2004
• Leona Woods (1919–1986), only woman in the construction of the Chicago Pile , the first nuclear reactor
• Chien-Shiung Wu (1912–1997)
• Sau Lan Wu , Particle Physics

Y

Rosalyn Sussman Yalow (1977)

• Rosalyn Sussman Yalow (1921–2011), Nobel Prize in Medicine 1977
• Susanne Yelin , quantum optics, did her doctorate in Munich and is professor at the University of Connecticut, 2013 Willis E. Lamb Prize

Z

• Margit Zacharias (* 1957), Prof. at IMTEK in Freiburg, nanowires
• Xiaowei Zhuang (* 1972), Max Delbruck Prize 2010
• Christiane Ziegler (* 1964), Prof. University of Kaiserslautern, surface physics
• Annette Zippelius (* 1949)

Physics historians

• Marie Boas Hall (1919-2009)
• Nina Byers (* 1930), professor emeritus for physics at UCLA, theoretical physics, history of physics
• Hertha von Dechend (1915-2001)
• Kristine Meyer (1861–1941), Danish science historian, for example Temperaturkonzept, Örsted, Ole Römer, she was a physics teacher and editor of the Fysisk Tidsskrift
• Maria Luisa Righini-Bonelli (1917–1981)
• Daniela Wuensch (* 1960)

See also

• List of important physicists

literature

• Renate Tobies (Ed.): “Despite all male culture”. Women in math and science. With a foreword by Knut Radbruch . Campus, Frankfurt am Main et al. 1997, ISBN 3-593-35749-6 .
• Cornelia Denz , Annette Vogt : Einstein's colleagues - physicists yesterday and today. Brochure for the Einstein Year 2005. Competence Center Technology-Diversity-Equal Opportunities (TeDiC) eV, Bielefeld 2005, ISBN 3-933476-08-9 , ( online ).

Web links

• Contributions of 20th Century Women to Physics - Project page by Nina Byers and others at the University of California, Los Angeles (English)

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Laudatory speech
2. ↑ ^{a b c d e f g h i} Denz, Vogt: Einstein's colleagues - female physicists yesterday and today. 2005.
3. ^ AG Computer Simulations and Theory of Complex Fluids: Homepage AG Klapp. Retrieved September 27, 2017 . 
4. ^ Jewish woman encyclopedia ; Denz, Vogt: Einstein's colleagues - physicists yesterday and today. 2005.