List of women astronomers
The list of women astronomers includes women who excelled in astronomy and astrophysics . As early as the end of the 18th century, the field of astronomy had some outstanding female scientists such as Caroline Herschel and various female astronomers in the vicinity of Jérôme de Lalande , who specifically promoted them and in 1786, with Astronomie des dames, wrote an overview work on astronomy especially for female readers, in which he has already listed around 20 female astronomers. Among them was the first professor of astronomy, Louise du Pierry . Mathematicians in particular found a chance for scientific work here. Since books and instruments were expensive, they often came to astronomy through family connections such as Caroline Herschel or were inherently wealthy such as Émilie du Châtelet . As in other scientific disciplines, women in astronomy only had a greater share in the development of astronomy and professional career opportunities in the 20th century.
A.
- Conny Aerts (* 1966), pioneer in asteroseismology
- Aglaonike (* 2nd or 1st century BC)
- Eva Ahnert-Rohlfs (1912–1954)
- Adelaide Ames (1900–1932), worked with Harlow Shapley on the Shapley Ames catalog on galaxies
B.
- Ulrika Babiaková (1976-2002), asteroid discoverer
- Odette Bancilhon (1908-1998), asteroid discoverer
- Maria Antonietta Barucci (* 20th century), asteroid discoverer
- Lisa Barsotti , (* 1977/78) made fundamental advances in gravitational wave detectors
- Natalie Batalha (* 1966), exoplanet researcher
- Nicole Bel (1932-1995)
- Mary Adela Blagg (1858–1944), co-author of a nomenclature for the moon
- Erika Böhm-Vitense (1923–2017), research on Cepheids and stellar atmospheres
- Sophie Brahe (1559–1643) did research together with her brother Tycho Brahe
- Margaret Bryan , English teacher and author of A compendious system of astronomy (1797)
- Margaret Burbidge (1919-2020), major research on quasars and stellar fusion
- Jocelyn Bell Burnell (* 1943), discovered the first pulsar together with Antony Hewish
C.
- Renée Canavaggia (1902-1996)
- Annie Jump Cannon (1863-1941)
- Robin M. Canup (* 1968)
- Marcella Carollo (* 1962)
- Eva Cassirer (1920-2009)
- Catherine Jeanne Césarsky (* 1943)
- Merieme Chadid (* 1969)
- Edmée Chandon (1885–1944), Paris Observatory
- Kyongae Chang (* 1946)
- Émilie du Châtelet (1706–1749), translator and commentator of Newton's Principia into French
- Jun Chen (* 20th century)
- Benedetta Ciardi (* 1971)
- Agnes Mary Clerke (1842-1907)
- S. Cofré (* 20th century)
- Françoise Combes (* 1952), Tycho Brahe Prize
- Alice Grace Cook (1877 / 1887-1958)
- Heather Couper (1949-2020)
- Maria Cunitz (1610–1664)
- Florence Cushman (1860–1940), Harvard College Observatory, worked on the Henry Draper Catalog under Cannon
D.
- Julianne Dalcanton (* 1968), comet discoverer , researches the evolution of galaxies
- Alíz Derekas (* 1977), asteroid discoverer , works on variable stars
- Ewine van Dishoeck (* 1955), cosmochemist
- Megan Donahue (* 1962), specializing in galaxies and galaxy clusters
- Jeanne Dumée (1660–1706), substantiated theories about the motion of the earth
- Jo Dunkley (* 1979), astrophysicist and cosmologist
E.
- Mary Edwards (around 1750 - 1815) did calculations at the Nautical Almanac for the astronomer Royal Nevil Maskelyne
- Maria Clara Eimmart (1676–1707)
- Debra Elmegreen (* 1952), professor at Vassar College
- Dilhan Eryurt (1926–2012) founded the astrophysics department at the METU in Ankara
F.
- Sandra Moore Faber (* 1944)
- Maria G. Firneis (* 1947)
- Debra Fischer (* 1953)
- Williamina Fleming (1857–1911), Cannon collaborator on the Henry Draper catalog
- Anna Frebel (* 1980)
- Wendy Freedman (born 1957)
- Katherine Freese (born 1957)
- Uta Fritze (* 1955)
- Caroline Ellen Furness (1869–1936), professor at Vassar College and co-founder of the American Association of Variable Star Observers
- Uta Fritze von Alvensleben (* 1955), Hertha Sponer Prize
G
- Rita Gautschy , archaeoastronomer with outstanding work on Middle Eastern chronology
- Margaret Geller (* 1947)
- Svetlana Ivanovna Gerasimenko (* 1945)
- Andrea Ghez (* 1965), one of the pioneers in the study of the supermassive black hole in the center of the Milky Way
- Monica Grady (* 1958)
- Eva Grebel (* 1966)
- Daria Guidetti (* 1979)
H
- Margherita Hack (1922-2013)
- Heidi Hammel (* 1960)
- Julie Marie Vinter Hansen (1890-1960)
- Fiona Harrison (born 1964)
- Margaret Harwood (1885–1979)
- Martha P. Haynes (* 1951)
- Mary Lea Heger (1897-1983)
- Zsuzsanna Heiner (* 1979), asteroid discoverer and researcher in sum frequency spectroscopy
- Charlene Heisler (1961–1999)
- Eleanor Helin (1932-2009)
- Amina Helmi (* 1970)
- Renée Herman (1908-1992)
- Caroline Herschel (1750-1848)
- Elisabetha Hevelius (1647-1693)
- Hanna von Hoerner (1942-2014)
- Dorrit Hoffleit (1907-2007)
- Helen Battles Sawyer Hogg (1905-1993)
- Ingrid van Houten-Groeneveld (1921–2015)
- Margaret Lindsay Huggins (1848-1915)
- Hypatia (around 355 - 415/16)
I.
- Wioleta Iwanowa (* 20th century)
J
- Christine Jones Forman (* 1949), also Christine Jones
- Carole Jordan (born 1941)
K
- Vassiliki Kalogera (* 1971)
- Lisa Kaltenegger (* 1977)
- Lyudmila Georgievna Karachkina (* 1948)
- Guinevere Kauffmann (* 1968)
- Pamela Margaret Kilmartin (* 20th century)
- Christine Kirch (1697–1782)
- Margaretha Kirch (1703–1744)
- Maria Margaretha Kirch (1670–1720) and the sisters of Gottfried Kirch
- Margaret Kivelson (* 1928)
- Dorothea Klumpke (1861–1942)
- Bärbel Koribalski (* 1964)
- Lenka Kotková (* 1973)
- Chryssa Kouveliotou (* 1953)
L.
- Teresa Lago (* 1947), active in science policy, research on star formation and T-Tauri stars
- Anne-Marie Lagrange (* 1962), research on exoplanets
- Marie-Jeanne de Lalande (1768-1832), compiled a star catalog with 10,000 stars in 1799
- Marguerite Laugier (1896–1976), asteroid discoverer
- Henrietta Leavitt (1868–1921), discovered the period-luminosity relationship in 1912
- Nicole-Reine Lepaute (1723–1788), published astronomical
- Anny Chantal Levasseur-Regourd (* 1945), active in science policy and expert on comets
- Jane Luu (* 1963), deals with instrument making , co-discoverer of the first Kuiper belt object (15760) Albion
M.
- Marie Mahrová (* 1947), asteroid discoverer
- Amy Mainzer (* 1974)
- Nergis Mavalvala (* 1968), MacArthur Fellow , gravitational wave detectors
- Maddalena Manfredi (1673–1744) and Teresa Manfredi (1679–1767), sisters of the astronomer Eustachio Manfredi , calculated ephemeris in Bologna
- Alla Genrichowna Massewitsch (1918-2008)
- Janet Akyüz Mattei (1943-2004)
- Annie Maunder (1868-1947)
- Antonia Maury (1866–1952)
- Maria Mitchell (1818-1889)
- Charlotte Moore Sitterly (1898–1990)
- Edith Alice Müller (1918–1995)
- Jean Mueller (born 1950)
O
- Kathleen Ollerenshaw (1912-2014)
- C. Michelle Olmstead (* 1969)
- Liisi Oterma (1915-2001)
- Mazlan Othman (born 1951)
- Feryal Özel (* 1975)
P
- Ludmila Pajdušáková (1916–1979)
- Cecilia Payne-Gaposchkin (1900–1979)
- Ruby Payne-Scott (1912–1981), first female radio astronomer
- Elisabetta Pierazzo (1963–2011), planetologist and expert in modeling celestial impacts
- Louise du Pierry (1746–1807), first professor of astronomy at the Sorbonne
- Paris Pişmiş (1911–1999)
- Carolyn Porco (born 1953)
- Françoise Praderie (1938–2009)
- Mary Proctor (1862-1957)
- Elzbieta Oginska-Puzynina (Countess Puzynina, 1700–1768), nobleman, donated the observatory in Vilnius
R.
- Elizabeth Roemer (1929-2016)
- Nancy Roman (1925-2018)
- Vera Rubin (1928–2016), pioneer in the discovery of dark matter
- Maria Teresa Ruiz (* 1946)
- Yevgenia Leonidovna Ruskol (1927-2017)
S.
- Charlotte of Saxe-Meiningen (1751–1827), later Duchess of Saxe-Gotha-Altenburg
- Caterina Scarpellini (1808–1873)
- Pelageja Fyodorovna Schain (1894–1956)
- Anneliese Schnell (1941–2015)
- Cornelia Schultz , Georg Simon Ohm Prize 2011 (accuracy Cherenkov telescope Magic La Palma)
- Rita Schulz (* 1961)
- Lyudmyla Shuravlowa (* 1946)
- Elizabeth Scott (1917–1988)
- Sara Seager (* 1971)
- Waltraut Seitter (1930-2007)
- Brigitta Sipőcz (* 1984)
- Tamara Mikhailovna Smirnova (1935-2001)
- Mary Somerville (1780–1872)
- Rachel Somerville (* around 1967)
- Carolyn Jean Spellmann Shoemaker (* 1929)
- Jean Swank
- Henrietta Hill Swope (1902-1980)
T
- Jill Cornell Tarter (born 1944)
- Janet Taylor (1804-1870)
- Fiorella Terenzi (* 1961/62)
- Alenoush Terian (1920-2011)
- Michelle Thaller (* 1969)
- Jana Tichá (* 1965)
- Beatrice Tinsley (1941-1981)
- Maura Tombelli (born 1952)
- Silvia Torres-Peimbert (* 1940)
- Virginia Trimble (* 1943)
- Lyudmila Ivanovna Tschernych (1935-2017)
- Sachiko Tsuruta (* 20th century)
- Margaret Turnbull (* 20th century)
U
- Megan C. Urry (* 1955), demonstrated that active galactic nuclei black holes are
V
- Antoniette de Vaucouleurs (died 1988), married to Gérard-Henri de Vaucouleurs , with whom she published a lot
- Zdeňka Vávrová (* 1945)
- Licia Verde , cosmology
- Elisabeth Vreede (1879–1943)
- Sonja Vrielmann (* 1968)
- Emma Vyssotsky (1894–1975)
W.
- Maria Wähnl (1908–1989)
- Gisela Weiss (1891–1975), first woman to receive a doctorate in astronomy in Austria
- Mary Watson Whitney (1847-1921)
- Fiammetta Wilson (1864-1920)
- Jennifer J. Wiseman (* 20th century)
- Gudrun Wolfschmidt (* 1951)
- Sofja Wassiljewna Voroshilova-Romanskaya (1886–1969)
- Rosemary Wyse (born 1957)
Z
- Wang Zhenyi (1768–1797)
- Ellen Gould Zweibel (* 1952)
See also
Web links
- List of women astronomers
- Women in Astronomy - Part I , Part II , Part III by the Astronomical Working Group Laufen eV
Individual evidence
- ↑ Londa Schiebinger: The Mind Has No Sex ?: Women in the Origins of Modern Science. Cambridge, London: Harvard University Press, 1989, p. 4.
- ^ Jérôme de Lalande : Astronomie des dames , Paris 1786. Archives