Overspill

In broadcast technology, overspill denotes the supply of antenna signals to an area that is actually not within the own supply area.

Emergence

Overspill arises from the fact that TV and radio signals, which were transmitted via antenna , formerly analog, today e.g. B. broadcast via DVB-T2 or DAB + from a broadcasting station, spread evenly. Here are the transmission equipment depending on the topographical location and transmission power often several hundred kilometers in a straight line radius outside the actual coverage area TV - and radio spread signals. This cannot technically be avoided, since a reduction in the transmission power can also lead to coverage gaps in one's own transmission area.

Distribution in TV cable networks

TV cable network operators have the legal basis within the overspill areas for feeding in the TV and radio programs broadcast by the overspill.

The prerequisite is that the TV cable networks affected by the overspill can be regionalized on individual network nodes so that nationwide feed-in far outside the overspill areas is avoided.

On this basis, TV programs from the neighboring country, for which the respective program organizers often only have limited broadcasting rights, can also be freely distributed within the TV cable networks in the overspill area. This is also possible on the basis of a basic encrypted DVB-T2 antenna signal if public broadcasters agree a feed-in contract with the respective cable network operator, which provides for unencrypted TV feed exclusively for the overspill areas. In addition to the relatively poor SD quality , the cable network operators also feed TV programs with the same program content in HD quality , which are broadcast from the neighboring country via DVB-T2, exclusively in the overspill area in HD quality.

Example ORF and SRF reception across the German border

The following important information is missing from this article or section:

Here is described exclusively from a German point of view. The situation in A and in CH as well as between these countries must be supplemented (the starting point is different there).

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Due to the DVB-T2 broadcasting stations in Austria , which are close to the border and are topographically very high, an overspill of TV signals to Germany is technically unavoidable; the same was true for the signals of Swiss television in the Lake Constance area until the end of their transmission in June 2019.

The numerous Austrian TV broadcasting systems near the border: Pfänder , Dünserberg , Mittelberg 1 , Mittelberg 2 , Sender Lech , Reutte , Zugspitze , Salzburg , Schärding , Hallein-Zinkenkogel , Holzgau-Benglerwald, Haeselgehr-Heisemad, Jungholz, Tannheim, Leutasch-Moosalm, Thiersee, Niederndorf, Koessen-Hechenbichl, Unken, Saalfelden-Huggenberg, Werfen-Feuerseng, Ried / Innkreis, Ranna and Aigen create a partially large-scale overspill in the neighboring states of Baden-Württemberg and Bavaria

In Baden-Württemberg , the ORF programs can therefore be received in the following rural and urban districts via roof antenna due to the overspill:

Alb-Danube district , Biberach , Lake Constance district , Böblingen , Breisgau-Hochschwarzwald , Esslingen , Freudenstadt , Göppingen , Heidenheim , Konstanz , Ortenaukreis , Ostalbkreis , Ravensburg , Reutlingen , Rottweil , Schwarzwald-Baar district , Sigmaringen , Tuttlingen , Tübingen , Ulm , Waldshut and Zollernalbkreis

In Bavaria , too , the ORF programs can be received via the roof antenna in the following districts:

Aichach-Friedberg , Augsburg , Bad Tölz-Wolfratshausen , Dachau , Dillingen , Dingolfing / Landau , Donau-Ries , Ebersberg , Eichstätt , Erding , Freising , Fürstenfeldbruck , Garmisch-Partenkirchen , Günzburg , Ingolstadt , Kaufbeuren , Kelheim , Kempten , Landsberg , Landshut , Lindau , Memmingen , Miesbach , Mühldorf , Munich , Neu-Ulm , Oberallgäu , Rosenheim , Starnberg , Traunstein , Unterallgäu and Weilheim-Schongau

The TV cable network operators based there therefore usually use the opportunity and feed the ORF programs in SD and HD quality into the respective network nodes of the districts in order to supplement their TV program offerings regionally .

Further spread

In addition, terrestrial overspill is often deliberately accepted in order to enlarge one's own transmission area and thus achieve higher advertising income. For example, RTL broadcasts from Luxembourg with a service that makes it possible to cover large parts of the Moselle region and Saarland with its television and radio programs.

See also

• Valley of the Unaware

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Austrian DAB + Bundesmux goes on air today teltarif.de Onlineverlag GmbH, May 28, 2019
2. ↑ Kabel BW has to take ORF programs from the nationwide network Heise Medien GmbH & Co. KG, February 1, 2007
3. ↑ DVB C Kabel Baden Württemberg ORF 1 and ORF 2 HIFI.DE GmbH, February 2, 2007
4. ↑ ORF now in HD quality City of Rosenheim, February 11, 2018
5. ^ Germans fight for their Swiss television , Swissinfo, April 23, 2019
6. ↑ ORS Group transmitter locations Österreichische Rundfunksender GmbH & Co. KG
7. ^ ORF feed cable BW / Deutsche Telekom (Freiburg network) broadcast forum, May 18, 2003
8. ^ ORF 1 reception Forum Digitalfernsehen.de, October 21, 2004
9. ^ ORF in Germany via Kabel Forum Digitalfernsehen.de, October 9, 2005
10. ^ ORF reception in Bavaria Bavarian State Parliament, February 27, 2015
11. ↑ ORF reception in HD quality? That says Kabel Deutschland / Vodafone OVB24 GmbH, February 15, 2018