Bolshaya Polyana (Kaliningrad)
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Bolschaja Poljana
Paterswalde Большая Поляна
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Bolschaja Poljana ( Russian Большая Поляна , German Paterswalde , lit. Petragirė ) is a village in the Russian Oblast Kaliningrad in Gwardeisk Rajon . It belongs to the municipal self-government unit of the Gwardeisk district .
Geographical location
Bolshaya Polyana is two kilometers south of Znamensk on the regional road 27A-037 (a section of the former R 514 ), which leads from Pravdinsk to the federal road A 229 near Sorino . The next train station is Znamensk on the Kaliningrad – Nesterow railway line (former Prussian Eastern Railway ) for onward travel to Lithuania .
Place name
The place was called "Allendorf" until the 17th century and was a combing village . The reference point for the renaming to "Paterswalde" was a nearby chapel in the middle of the forest, where services were celebrated on the occasion of processions, supervised by a priest. Since 1947 the place has had the Russian name Bolschaja Poljana (Great Glade), which also occurs once again in the Lipetsk Oblast .
history
The former Allendorf was founded in 1363 when the order marshal of the Teutonic Order Henning Schindekopf lent the farmer Peter Emke considerable land ownership of seven Hufen on the condition that the rest of the land be settled with farmers. In 1699, the town of Allenburg, 14 kilometers further south, was awarded the forest village with 13 hooves and eight years of free time.
In the equestrian war of 1520/21 the village was considerably destroyed.
On June 13, 1874 was formed of the rural communities Lindendorf and Father woods and the agricultural estates (both defunct) Augken and Stan Illien the District Pater forest.
In 1928 the Augken manor was reclassified into the Wehlau municipality and the Pinnau manor was incorporated into the Paterswalde rural community. The manor district of Stanillien was spun off to Frischenau (Jelnjaki). In 1931, only the two communities Lindendorf and Paterswalde belonged to the Paterswalde district, and that remained so until 1945.
The village, which includes the Good Patershof belonged, was until 1945 part of the district Wehlau in the administrative district of Konigsberg the Prussian province of East Prussia .
In 1945 Paterswalde came under Soviet administration and in 1947 was given the name Bolschaja Poljana . Until 1991 the place was the seat of a village soviet. He then became of Snamensk administered from. It has been part of the Gwardeisk district since 2014 . Today mainly Russian-German families live here .
Bolschepoljanski selski Sowet 1947–1991
The village soviet Bolschepoljanski selski Sowet (ru. Большеполянский сельский Совет) was established in June 1947. After the village Soviet was dissolved from 1960 to 1963, he was finally dissolved in 1991 and its associated sites of the urban-type settlement Snamensk from managed. These were then transferred to the newly formed rural community Znamenskoje selskoje posselenije in 2005.
| Place name | Name until 1947/50 | Remarks |
|---|---|---|
| Beregovoe (Береговое) | Schön-Nuhr and at Bürgersdorf |
The place was renamed in 1950 and apparently connected to Suchodolje before 1975. |
| Bolshaya Polyana (Большая Поляна) | Paterswalde | Administrative headquarters |
| Bratskoje (Bratskoje) | Moritzlauken, 1938–1945: "Moritzfelde" |
The place was renamed in 1950 and abandoned before 1975. |
| Khlebnikowo (Хлебниково) | Allenberg | The town was renamed in 1947 and by 1975 the urban settlement type Snamensk connected. |
| Denissowo (Денисово) | New Wehlau | The place was renamed in 1950 and later connected to the place Jagodnoye. |
| Gordoje (Гордое) | Bürgersdorf | The place was renamed in 1950. |
| Jagodnoye (Ягодное) | Lindendorf | The place was renamed in 1947. |
| Yelnyaki (Ельняки) | Frischenau | The place was renamed in 1947 and was initially included in the Saretschensky Village Soviet . |
| Klubnitschnoje (Клубничное) | Stanillas | The place was renamed in 1947 and abandoned before 1975. |
| Mezhdureche (Междуречье) | Piats | The place was renamed in 1947 and deleted from the place register before 1975. |
| Ossipenkowo (Осипенково) | Preusslauken | The place was renamed in 1950 and abandoned before 1975. |
| Rechnoe (Речное) | Magottes | The place was renamed in 1947 and was initially included in the Saretschensky Village Soviet. |
| Savetnoye (Заветное) | Groß Nuhr | The place was renamed in 1947 and apparently connected to Suchodolje before 1988. |
| Suchodolje (Суходолье) | Klein Nuhr | The place was renamed in 1947. |
| Telmanowo (Телманово) | Richau | The place was renamed in 1947. |
| Chkalovo (Чкалово) | Koppershagen | The place was renamed in 1950 and abandoned before 1975. |
| Ulyanovka (Ульяновка) | Rockelkeim | The place was renamed in 1947 and abandoned before 1975. |
| Wolostnowo (Волостново) | Seekshof | The place was renamed in 1950 and abandoned before 1975. |
The place Rodniki (Leißienen) , renamed in 1947, was also initially included in the Bolschepoljanski selski Sowet, but then (before 1975) came to the Druzhbinski selski Sowet in the Pravdinsk district .
Population development
| year | Residents |
|---|---|
| 1910 | 1,353 |
| 1933 | 1,186 |
| 1939 | 1,225 |
| 2002 | 338 |
| 2010 | 298 |
church
Church building
The Protestant church in Paterswalde, which was Protestant until 1945, dates back to the time of the order and emerged from a pilgrimage chapel south of today's village of Bolschaja Poljana. In the equestrian war she was victim of a fire. It was rebuilt in 1541/42, but had to be closed and demolished again in 1869.
The neo-Romanesque new building was built in 1877, the tower of which suffered severe damage in the Second World War . After 1945 the building was used as a storage facility for other purposes. The roof was covered with asbestos cement panels, the windows were bricked up. The building now belongs to the Russian Orthodox Church .
Parish
Evangelical
The old church village of Paterswalde, with its predominantly Protestant population since the Reformation , belonged to the church district of Wehlau in the church province of East Prussia of the Church of the Old Prussian Union . The places Lindendorf and Richau were also assigned to the Paterswalder parish .
After 1945 church life came to a standstill. Only after the collapse of the Soviet Union in 1990/91 did new ecclesiastical life emerge here thanks to newly settled Russian-German families. A permanent congregation was formed in 1994, which was incorporated into the newly established Kaliningrad provost within the Evangelical Lutheran Church of European Russia (ELKER). The clergy responsible are the pastors of the Church of the Resurrection in Kaliningrad . The parish is a partner parish of the Evangelical Parish in Berlin-Mahlsdorf .
Orthodox
Members of the Russian Orthodox Church living in Bolshaya Polyana belong to their eparchy Kaliningrad and the diocese of Kaliningrad and Baltijsk .
Personalities of the place
- Eduard Krah (born October 17, 1820 in Paterswalde; † 1896), director of the Insterburger grammar school
- Johannes Gallandi (born June 15, 1843 in Paterswalde; † 1917), Prussian officer, genealogist
- Johannes Blaskowitz (born July 10, 1883 in Paterswalde; † 1948), Colonel General
literature
- Werner Lippke: Home book of the district Wehlau in the Alle-Pregel-Deime area. Volume 1, Rautenberg, Leer 1988, ISBN 3-7921-0142-4 .
- Friedwald Moeller: Old Prussian Evangelical Pastors' Book from the Reformation to the Expulsion in 1945. Association for Family Research in Eastern and Western Europe eV, Hamburg 1968.
- Christa Stache: Directory of church records in the Evangelical Central Archive in Berlin. Part 1: The eastern church provinces of the Evangelical Church of the Old Prussian Union. 3. Edition. Evangelisches Zentralarchiv, Berlin 1992, ISBN 3-9801646-4-0 .
Web links
- The village of Bolschaja Polyana - Paterswalde
- Image archive Paterswalde Alt
- Paterswalde picture archive new
- Kaliningrad Provostry
- Monument to the Fallen in Bolshaya Polyana
Individual evidence
- ↑ Itogi Vserossijskoj perepisi naselenija 2010 goda. Kaliningradskaya oblastʹ. (Results of the 2010 all-Russian census. Kaliningrad Oblast.) Volume 1 , Table 4 (Download from the website of the Kaliningrad Oblast Territorial Organ of the Federal Service for State Statistics of the Russian Federation)
- ↑ a b The Указ Президиума Верховного Совета РСФСР от 17 июня 1947 г. "Об образовании сельских советов, городов и рабочих поселков в Калининградской области" (Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the RSFSR of 17 June 1947: On the Formation of village Soviets , Cities and workers' settlements in Kaliningrad Oblast)
- ↑ Information on www.gako.name (ru.)
- ↑ Article about Znamensk at http://gako2006.narod.ru/M_goroda/ (ru.)
- ↑ census data
- ↑ Contact Group Kaliningrad Region. on www.kirche-mahlsdorf.de