Peter's youth

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Movie
Original title Peter's Youth
( Юность Петра )
Country of production GDR ,
USSR
original language German ,
Russian
Publishing year 1981
length 218 minutes
Rod
Director Sergei Gerasimov
script Yuri Kawtaradze
Sergei Gerasimov
production DEFA ,
Gorky Film Studios
music Vladimir Martynov
camera Sergei Filippow
Horst Hardt
cut Ida Dorofejewa
occupation

Peter's Youth ( Russian Юность Петра Junost Petra ) is a two-part German-Soviet co-production by DEFA and the Gorky Film Studios , Moscow by Sergei Gerasimow from 1981 based on the first two parts of the novel Peter the First by Alexei Tolstoy from 1934.

Plot 1st part

In 1682 the Russian Tsar Fyodor III dies . after a long illness at the age of 20 years. Then a fight for his successor breaks out, in which the Strelizos play a major role. When the rumor spreads that the heir to the throne Ivan V was killed, the Strelizi storm the Moscow Kremlin . But here the Tsar's successors Ivan and his co-regent and 9-year-old half-brother Peter are shown alive. Peter's mother Natalja Naryschkina , the widow of Tsar Alexei I, is supposed to take over the rule until the two boys come of age. Although the Strelizos can be calmed down during the uprising , they first kill several allies and relatives of the Naryshkins under the eyes of young Peter. But when the patriarch Joachim interfered personally, the insurgents did not dare attack him. As a result of the uprising, Ivan's older sister Sofia is installed as regent and Ivan is confirmed as the first heir to the throne, while Peter is declared a "fellow tsar". In order to escape the power struggles that were now emerging at court, Peter's mother fled with her son to the village of Preobrazhenskoye , near Moscow.

A few years later, Tsarina Sofia spoke to her lover Prince Vasily Golitsyn in the Kremlin about her doubts about sitting on the throne any longer , because Moscow believes that the country is ruled by weaklings. A war for the Crimea has been expected for a long time , but it is not foreseeable, and in Preobrazhenskoye the young 17-year-old Peter is growing up and growing stronger. With his peers, he founded a unit of about 50 men armed with dummies , with whom he simulated wars and thus trained himself in the military field.

But his interests go beyond the military; So he looks for acquaintances in the nearby German settlement Nemezkaja sloboda and studies the local life and goings-on. Above all, he is interested in the technical developments and the skills of foreign craftsmen, from whom he intends to adopt some of the suggestions for the Russian Empire. Here he met the Swiss Franz Lefort , whom he instructed to raise an army in order to then appoint him general. During the appointment celebrations, Peter meets the pretty Anna Mons , daughter of a German wine merchant, and falls in love with her, but she does not let him into her room. In return, Peter engages Alexander Menshikov , whom he met in this context, as his servant, from which a real friendship develops. Natalja Naryschkina also realizes that Peter is growing up and decides to marry him to Evdokija Lopuchina, three years older than him, but whom he is unable to love.

The people's dissatisfaction with the regent Sofia continues to widen. But the Strelizos also have their problems, because rumor has it that Tsar Peter should take over power, which would not be to their advantage. Therefore, they plan a plot in which Peter and his mother are to lose their lives. But Peter finds out about the plan so that he can prepare for it, but his army is still too small to take the initiative himself. The Strelizi's opinion changes, however, and more and more of their regiments overflow to Peter's side. Tsars Peter and Ivan jointly sign an ukase in which they emphasize that they will rule the Tsarist Empire themselves, as they have reached the required age. They also stipulate that Sister Sofia will not be allowed to share state affairs with them. Sofia then left Moscow to go to a monastery. Her beloved Prince Vasily Golitsyn is sent into exile. During a first meeting of the boyars with the tsar, the patriarch Peter I called on those of other faiths to tear down the prayer houses, to forbid their customs, to chase away all foreigners and to burn down the German settlement. Peter replies that he shouldn't interfere in state affairs because he wants to conquer the seas, which is not possible without the foreign specialists. With this statement he showed everyone that he is now in charge of Russia.

At a party he meets Anna Mons again, to whom he confesses that he is happy in her presence. Peter's wife notices the changes in her husband, which she also accuses him of. Peter I now almost only takes care of state affairs without visiting his wife, with whom his first son is growing up.

Plot 2nd part

After the death of the Tsar's mother, Natalja Naryshkina, in 1694, Peter's wife saw her big hour come, since her husband is constantly on the move, she now wants to be the great ruler of Great and Little Russia as well as Belarus. First of all, she intends to send Anna Mons into exile forever. But when she tries to criticize her husband and give him instructions, she falls out of favor with him.

The tsar returned to the affairs of state that prompted him to attack the Ottoman city ​​of Azov Azov campaigns . Although the Russian army can enclose the fortress from the land side, the Russians have to withdraw because they have high losses and they lack ships to support them from the sea side. A year later, Peter I attacks Azov again with his troops, but this time with help from the sea. The battle is won and Peter decides to build 40 large warships. He also placed an order for a canal between the Volga and Don . He also stipulates that 50 Moscow aristocratic sons will be sent abroad to study. He will personally study shipbuilding incognito in Holland and meet several European rulers and scholars on the journey there. During this time, Prince Fyodor Romodanowski , who received the honorary title of Prince Caesar, represented him in Moscow .

The Great Legation begins its journey to Western Europe in the spring of 1697 with a total of over 300 people. While Peter I undertakes the journey, with his closest entourage, partly by ship, most of the escort travels by land. One of the first destinations is Königsberg , where he meets with Friedrich the Elector of Brandenburg . The next meeting will take place with the Electress of Hanover , her daughter Electress of Brandenburg Sophie Charlotte von Hanover , and her brother the Crown Prince Georg Ludwig , heir to the throne of England . One of the first acquaintances he met in Holland is the blacksmith Garrit Kist, who was already a great help in building his ships in the Russian shipyard. Here in Zaandam he wants to work as a carpenter all winter . But to be near England without visiting it is not possible, so Peter goes to the island and meets Isaac Newton , who gives him a telescope for his scientific observations.

In Russia, Peter's half-sister Sofia uses his absence to persuade the Strelizos to invade Moscow so that she can take power again. Although the Strelizos set out with four regiments , they were defeated before Peter's return. After his arrival in Moscow, almost everyone involved in the uprising was executed . Anne Mons, who has meanwhile become a mistress of Peter I, does not appreciate this honor. She succumbs to the advertisements of the envoy in Königsegg, whom she receives more and more frequently. When one day the tsar and guests arrive at the castle she lives in, Königsegg is already there. When he has an accident while drunk, Peter discovers a medallion with your dedication on his neck , which causes him to end the relationship.

An envoy sent by the tsar through the European states to promote Russia reports that in their eyes Russia is worth nothing and plays no role for them. Peter I decides never to go there again as a supplicant and points to a frigate under construction, which represents Russia's new policy. The country is on the way to becoming a great power.

Production and publication

The film, shot by DEFA and the Second Artistic Section of the Central Studio for Children's and Youth Films “Maxim Gorki” from Moscow on ORWO color, had its world premiere as part of the Xth Festival of Soviet Film on October 29, 1981 in the Berlin cinema Cosmos . In March 1982 the film had its Soviet premiere in Moscow under the title Юность Петра and reached over 23.5 million viewers in the Soviet Union .

The first broadcast in the 2nd program of the GDR television took place in a four-part version on November 28th and on November 6th and 13th. and December 20, 1981.

The dramaturgy was in the hands of T. Protopova .

synchronization

role actor Voice actor
Peter I. Dmitri Zolotuchin Jürgen May
Peter's mother Tamara Makarova Marga Legal
Tsarina Sofia Natalja Bondarchuk Annekathrin Bürger
Alexander Menshikov Nikolai Yeryomenko Holger Mahlich
Prince Vasily Golitsyn Oleg Strischenow Otto Mellies
Fyodor Shaklovity Vadim Spiridonov Thomas Kästner
Ivan Browkin Eduard Botscharow Karl-Maria Steffens
Tsarina Evdokija Lopukhina Lyubov Germanova Elke Münch
Prince Boris Golitsyn Mikhail Noschkin Ernst Meincke
Sanka Browkina Lyubov Polechina Heidemarie Gohde
Prince Roman Buinossow Mikhail Simin Wolfgang Dehler
Fyodor Romodanovsky Roman Filippov Gerd Ehlers
Vasily Volkov Boris Batschurin Michael Narloch

criticism

In the Berliner Zeitung, Günter Sobe concludes about the film:

“Cinema information about a historical personality that is still fascinating, of course, centuries away from tsarist agony. And you don't see it without interest, but, I think, too calmly, because the film does not want to go beyond the breadth of what is shown, into the depth of the problem, which could perhaps have been called “Associations to the role of personality in the Story "to advance."

The lexicon of international film describes the film as dramaturgically awkward and cumbersome in terms of staging.

literature

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Berliner Zeitung of October 29, 1981, p. 7
  2. ↑ Berliner Zeitung of November 3, 1981, p. 7
  3. ↑ Peter's youth. In: Lexicon of International Films . Film service , accessed December 12, 2019 .Template: LdiF / Maintenance / Access used