Rattenberg (Lower Bavaria)

Basic data
State :	Bavaria
Administrative region :	Lower Bavaria
County :	Straubing arch
Height :	560 m above sea level NHN
Area :	30.22 km 2
Residents:	1723 (Dec. 31, 2019)
Population density :	57 inhabitants per km 2
Postal code :	94371
Area code :	09963
License plate :	SR , BOG, MAL
Community key :	09 2 78 178
Community structure:	55 districts
Address of the ; municipal administration:	Dorfplatz 15 ; 94371 Rattenberg
Website :	www.rattenberg.de
Mayor :	Dieter Schröfl ( CSU / WG)
Location of the municipality of Rattenberg in the Straubing-Bogen district

The town hall of Rattenberg

The parish church of St. Nicholas

Rattenberg is a municipality in the Straubing-Bogen district in Lower Bavaria .

geography

Geographical location

Rattenberg is located in the Bavarian Forest directly on the borders with the districts of Cham in the north and Regen in the east.
The closest cities are Viechtach (10 km), Bad Kötzting (21 km), Cham (22 km), Bogen (28 km), Straubing (35 km) and Regensburg (65 km).

Community structure

Rattenberg has 55 districts:

There are districts Rattenberg and Siegersdorf.

history

etymology

The origin of the name von Rattenberg is related to the oldest spellings and cannot be clearly determined. A derivation from the old personal name "Rapoto" (Rado, Rato or Raido) should, however, be correct. The mention of a "Rapoto" by Rattenberg and his sister "Erga" around the year 1139 is proven. The spellings Rogitinperge, Rodunchberga, Raitenperg, Ratenperg u. a. are almost certainly just corrupted forms of the originally adopted name. A derivation from the verb "roden / reuten" does not appear to be entirely excluded. Perhaps Rattenberg is just a form of "Ramsperg" that has been corrupted by linguistic mutilation and long tradition.

First documentary mention

"Notum sit universe posteritati ...." is how a deed of donation from the Oberalteich monastery begins, which could be dated to the first half of 1105.

The whole text of the document reads as follows in German translation: “It is hereby recorded for the entire descendants that our Vogt Friedrich and his wife Luitgard as well as brother Ulrich and son Friedrich come to the altar of St. Peter and the brothers there for the salvation of their and their parents' souls willingly bequeath a property located in Rogitinperge ”. Regensburg Cathedral Bailiff Friedrich III, who is very closely related to the Counts of Bogen, his wife and his brother and son therefore bequeath one with this document "to the altar of St. Peter and the brothers there", i.e. the St. Peter Monastery in Oberalteich Hof ("unum curtile") in "Rogitinperge"

Rattenberg in the Middle Ages to modern times

In “Rogitinperge”, after the settlement of the first farm estate, a small farmer's settlement gradually emerged, which in the course of time initially called itself “Gemain”, like numerous other smaller old Bavarian settlement units, ie “Gemain ze Rottnperg”.

Later it became a somewhat larger economic community and the "Dorfgemain", in Rattenberg in other words the "Dorfgemain Rotnperch", arose over many years, especially in the Perlbachtal.

Rattenberg appears in the sources of the 15th century as the office of the Mitterfels court.

The Mitterfels court was divided into seven (later eight) henchman offices. Christanszell (Kriseszell) was one of them. The henchman offices were divided into the Ob- or Hauptmannschaften, today roughly comparable to a municipality.

At that time, a chairman or a captain was appointed from among the owners for around 10 to 20 farms. The officials (judges) of the Mitterfels court performed administrative and judicial tasks, the henchmen (officials) subordinate to them were roughly comparable to today's police.

Development in the 19th century

Before the subdivision into municipalities took place, the district division was carried out first. The judicial district of Mitterfels was added to the Lower Danube District (from 1837 "Lower Bavaria") in 1810. In 1821 the community formations were finally completed. Thereafter belonged to the district court Mitterfels (= Unterdonaukreis) u. a. the immediate (regional court) rural communities (rural: rural, peasant):

Rattenberg: two villages, seven hamlets, 13 wastelands and 111 families,
Siegersdorf: three villages, two hamlets, 20 wastelands and 83 families.

20th century

From 1905 Rattenberg owned a station on the Straubing – Miltach railway line in the northern district of Wies .

Fundamental changes in the structure of the community since the formation of the community in 1821 did not occur until 150 years later as a result of the local reforms in 1972 and 1978.

In the municipalities, the territorial reform primarily led to the dissolution of many smaller municipalities and the amalgamation of larger units.

The following changes resulted for the municipality of Rattenberg:

On January 1, 1972, the community Siegersdorf was incorporated.

On July 1, 1972, the municipality of Grub , which belonged to the then dissolved Kötzting district , lost its independence as part of the regional reform. The localities of Grub, Hammersdorf, Unter- and Obergschwandt were incorporated into the municipality of Rattenberg, district of Straubing-Bogen, administrative district of Lower Bavaria. The remaining area was added to the municipality of Zandt and thus the administrative district of Upper Palatinate.

On January 1, 1978, the Riedelswald part of the municipality (then 14 inhabitants) was incorporated from the dissolved Elisabethszell municipality.

On May 1, 1978, the administrative association Konzell / Rattenberg was formed. This union, perceived by the majority of the population as a "forced marriage", did not last long. The "rebel community" Rattenberg was released from the administrative community after several unsuccessful attempts at the fourth attempt on January 1, 1994. Since then, Rattenberg has had its own administration again, which has been housed in the newly built town hall on the village square since 1996.

Population development

In the period from 1988 to 2018, the population decreased from 1,807 to 1,727 by 80 inhabitants or 4.4%. On December 31, 1996, Rattenberg had 1,924 inhabitants.

politics

The first mayor is Dieter Schröfl (CSU / WG).

coat of arms

The ram's head goes back to the noble family of Ramsperger, who owned the nearby Neurandsberg Castle . The three balls symbolize the apples of St. Nicholas , the church patron of Rattenberg. The colors silver and blue were chosen because after the dynasty died out, the Counts von Bogen Rattenberg came under the rule of the Dukes of Bavaria .

Culture and sights

The parish church of St. Nicholas has a tower substructure and an apse in the late Romanesque style, the rest of the building is neo-Romanesque and was built in 1890. On the east side of the tower there is a stone relief, the so-called Trutzkopf from the 12th or 13th century.
Burggasthof Neurandsberg

Artists from the music and comedy scene perform at the Burggasthof Neurandsberg at regular intervals.

Neurandsberg castle ruins with pilgrimage church
Waldler stage Rattenberg

The Waldlerbühne Rattenberg performs peasant theater pieces.

Rattenberger Heimatfest

Every year on the second weekend in July, the traditional “Rattenberger Heimatfest” takes place.

Summer and museum festival

Every year on August 15th the “Summer and Museum Festival” takes place in Rattenberg.

Open day and demonstration of old craftsmanship in the local history museum Rattenberg, parish garden.

dialect

The Rattenberg dialect is of interest to dialectologists because it is completely atypical for the Bavarian Forest and has a similarity to the Viennese dialect . However, it is assumed that this development took place independently of one another.

education

Middle school: six teachers and 59 students (as of 2015/2016)
Primary school: four teachers and 66 students (as of 2015/2016)

Sport - DJK Rattenberg

The DJK Rattenberg has an active football, ski, table tennis, stick and women's gymnastics department. The association has around 900 members. In 2016 the sports club celebrated its 50th anniversary as part of the 40th Rattenberger Heimatfest from 8-11. July on the new multi-purpose field at the sports field.

Individual evidence

↑ "Data 2" sheet, Statistical Report A1200C 202041 Population of the municipalities, districts and administrative districts 1st quarter 2020 (population based on the 2011 census) ( help ).
↑ ^a ^b Local elections in the district of Straubing-Bogen. District Sraubing-Bogen, accessed on May 30, 2020 .
^ Community Rattenberg in the local database of the Bavarian State Library Online . Bavarian State Library
↑ District. Municipalities and districts. Bavarian Surveying Administration, archived from the original on April 11, 2013 ; accessed on March 31, 2015 .
↑ ^a ^b Wilhelm Volkert (Ed.): Handbook of the Bavarian offices, communities and courts 1799–1980 . CH Beck, Munich 1983, ISBN 3-406-09669-7 , p. 437 .
^ Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality directory for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer GmbH, Stuttgart / Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 632 .
^ Report by the South Germans on the Rattenberg dialect
^ Middle School Rattenberg in the school database of the Bavarian State Ministry for Education and Culture , accessed on August 6, 2017.
^ Rattenberg primary school in the school database of the Bavarian State Ministry for Education and Culture , accessed on August 6, 2017.