Saint-Mathieu (Haute-Vienne)

Saint-Mathieu
region	Nouvelle-Aquitaine
Department	Haute-Vienne
Arrondissement	Rochechouart
Canton	Rochechouart
Community association	Ouest Limousin
Coordinates	45 ° 42 ′ N , 0 ° 46 ′ E Coordinates: 45 ° 42 ′ N , 0 ° 46 ′ E
height	225-438 m
surface	40.39 km 2
Residents	1,080 (January 1, 2017)
Population density	27 inhabitants / km 2
Post Code	87440
INSEE code	87168
	; Town Hall ( Mairie )

Saint-Mathieu , Occitan Sant Matiá , is a municipality in southwest France with 1080 inhabitants (as of January 1, 2017). It belongs to the Nouvelle-Aquitaine region (before 2016 Aquitaine ), the Haute-Vienne department and the Rochechouart arrondissement . Saint-Mathieu was the chief town (chef-lieu) of the canton of Saint-Mathieu and became the canton of Rochechouart in 2015 . The responsible community association is the Communauté de communes Ouest Limousin . The inhabitants are known as Mathuséens or Mathuséennes .

etymology

Saint-Mathieu is derived from the Occitan Sant Matiá or Samatiá , that is, from Saint Matthias and not from Saint Matthew .

geography

Location of the commune of Saint-Mathieu (dark green) in the Haute-Vienne department. The communes of the former canton of Saint-Mathieu in light green.

Saint-Mathieu is 40 kilometers west-southwest of Limoges (as the crow flies) and is a border municipality to the Dordogne department . Nontron in the south is 20 kilometers away.

The commune of Saint-Mathieu is surrounded by the following seven communes:

	Chéronnac , Saint-Bazile
Maisonnais-sur-Tardoire		Cussac
Champniers-et-Reilhac (Dordogne)	Saint-Barthélemy-de-Bussière (Dordogne)	Marval

The municipality of Saint-Mathieu claims a very large area with 40.39 square kilometers. In terms of area, it is the second largest municipality in the canton of Rochechouart and the third largest in the Arrondissement of Rochechouart.

It includes the following hamlets, farms, castles, a mill and landmarks: Bayeras , Beauséjour , Bois de l'Autre , Bois de Palivaud , Bois des Forts , Bois Sec , Cautarial , Chambonnaud , Chambouraud , Château Rocher , Château Séchères , Chez Bécassou , Chez Chabert , Chez Goursaud , Chez Nadaud , Chez Rouchaud , Chez Tamagnon , Chez vignette , Concoure , Coulerède , Excideuil , Fonsoumagne , Fontandreau , Fontetru , Forêt de Puy skin , Grateloube , Grueto , Jarlat , Junicaud , L'Épurdie , L ' Étaboulie , La Beille , La Besse , La Borderie , La Boulie , La Brousse , La Côte , La Croix de Labran , La Carabine , La Couade , La Forge , La Gerbaudie , La Lande , La Marchaderie , La Pêcherie , La Planche du Loup , La Serve , La Terminière , Lascaux , Laubarias , Le Bournat , Le Clos du Got , Le Coin du Parc , Le Grand Peyrouteau , Le Grand Sauvot , Le Moulin du Pont , Le Pêcher , Le Petit Peyrouteau , Le Petit Sauvot , Le Peyrat , Le Pissarou , Le Semelier , Les Brousses , Les Bussièr es , Les Cailloux , Les Chabaudies , Les Champs , Les Defaix , Les Flamanchies , Les Garennes , Les Gironneaux , Les Gustins , Les Landes , Les Ourgeaux , Les Perrières , Les Petites Forêts , Les Refours , Les Souchous , Les Thermes , Les Tourettes , Monteau , Neuville , Pérantonie , Pierregreffier , Puisseger , Puy Haut , Puysseguy , Rouyaflamas and Vieilleville .

The topographically lowest point of the municipality of Saint-Mathieu is 225 meters above sea level on the Tardoire in the extreme northwest, the highest point at 438 meters on the Puy Haut in the southeast. This ridge already belongs to the Monts de Châlus . The maximum difference in altitude is 210 meters.

Transport links

Location map of Saint-Mathieu

The D 675 from Rochechouart to Nontron runs through the center of Saint-Mathieu in a northeast-southwest direction. Furthermore, the D 699 crosses in an east-west direction from Cussac to Montbron . The D 87 leaves Saint-Mathieu north towards Chérronac. The D 67 connects the town center with Marval in the south. A communal road connects Saint-Mathieu with Maisonnais-sur-Tardoire in the west.

Hydrography

The border river to the northern neighboring communities Chéronnac and Saint-Bazile is the Tardoire , which generally drains to the northwest. Its left tributary, the Colle , also flows off to the northwest. It is dammed about 2 kilometers northeast of the town center to Lac de Saint-Mathieu . The southern border river to Champniers-et-Reilhac is the Nauzon , which drains to the west . This splits into small tributaries in the municipality - on the left into the Samaritaine and on the right into the Ruisseau de l'Étang Neuf , which continues the border with Champniers-et-Reilhac. The upper reaches of the Nauzon are known as Ruisseau de l'Étang de l'Étourneau and are dammed up to form many small ponds.

geology

Font granite from pegmatites in Saint-Mathieu-Leukogranit on Lac de Saint-Mathieu

Saint-Mathieu lies entirely on the crystalline, Variscan basement of the northwestern Massif Central , which forms a bulge here - the Saint-Mathieu Cathedral . The dome structure consists of the Saint-Mathieu leukogranite , which has penetrated into the mica slate of the parautochthonous mica slate unit in the Upper Carboniferous . The mica schists are present in the east of the municipality, smaller islands are mainly enclosed in the leuco granite around Fonsoumagne . They generally strike southeast-northwest and dip at 30 to 70 degrees to the northeast, but at Chez Chabert they turn in the east-west direction with a dip to the north. At the extreme northeast edge of the municipality near Le Grand Sauvot , eye gneisses of the lower gneiss cover of the Limousin can also be observed, which were pushed onto the mica slate in a west to south-westerly direction. They also have leuco granite islands. The leukogranite occurs predominantly in its medium to coarse-grained normal facies, but occasionally also in fine-grained form as Champniers-et-Reilhac leukogranite such as in Les Gustins . It is traversed by numerous steep micro-granite tunnels, which mostly follow the north-northeast or north-northwest direction. Quartz veins and pegmatites also appear occasionally in the leuco granite.

ecology

The commune of Saint-Mathieu forms an integral part of the Périgord-Limousin Regional Natural Park .

history

The oldest traces of settlement in the commune of Saint-Mathieu go back to the Iron Age . Several tumuli containing a burial chamber were found . The burial chambers were equipped with stone axes and burial urns. The tumuli were located along the ridge between Saint-Mathieu and La Chapelle-Montbrandeix and followed Celtic routes which, for safety reasons, always preferred high altitudes over valleys.

The remains of a villa from the Gallo-Roman era were found at Les Bussières - roof tiles and stumps.

The current town center experienced rapid development in the Middle Ages . The Romanesque local church was built in the 12th century . A fortified castle was built behind the church in 1373, which belonged to the Vigier family. It joins a chain of fortifications in the Charente-Limousin-Périgord border area. Almost nothing is left of it today, the last tower was demolished in 1927. In 1486 the church was rebuilt and expanded. Thanks to rich natural resources, a small iron-processing industry was established in Saint-Mathieu during the Middle Ages, which specialized in the manufacture of chain mail. Blacksmiths were in existence at La Couade , Le Buisson and Séchères until 1860.

Population development

Population development in Saint-Mathieu
year	Residents	Population in the canton in percent	Population density
1962	1711	37.4	42.4 / km²
1968	1613	31.4	39.9 / km²
1975	1483	32.5	36.7 / km²
1982	1364	33.6	33.8 / km²
1990	1271	34.7	31.5 / km²
1999	1233	36.2	30.5 / km²
2004	1188		29.4 / km²
2008	1171		29.0 / km²
2009	1164		28.8 / km²
2013	1120		27.7 / km²
2014	1099		27.2 / km²
2015	1087		26.9 / km²
2017	1080		26.7 / km²

Source: INSEE

The population of the commune of Saint-Mathieu has been decreasing since 1962 (population loss of 37 percent), but its decline has slowed since 1990.

mayor

The DVG nurse Agnès Varachaud has been mayor of Saint-Mathieu since March 2014 .

2017 presidential election

Candidates		Parties		1st ballot		2nd ballot
Candidates		Parties		be right	%	be right	%
	Emmanuel Macron	En marche!	EM	136	21.32%	336	59.15%
	Marine Le Pen	Front national	FN	162	25.39%	232	40.85%
	Jean-Luc Mélenchon	Front de gauche	FDG	124	19.44%
	François Fillon	Les Républicains	LR	118	18.50%
	Benoît Hamon	Parti socialist	PS	30th	4.70%
	Nicolas Dupont-Aignan	Debout la République	DLR	29	4.55%
	Nathalie Arthaud	Lutte Ouvrière	LO	17th	2.66%
	Jean Lassalle	Resistons!	R.	13	2.04%
	Philippe Poutou	Nouveau Parti anticapitaliste	NPA	5	0.78%
	François Asselineau	Union popular republicaine	UPR	4th	0.63%
	Jacques Cheminade	Solidarité et Progrès	SP	0	0.00%

total				638	100%			568	100%

Valid votes				638	80.45%	568	71.63%
Invalid votes				28	3.53%	80	10.09%
voter turnout				666	83.98%	648	81.72%
Abstentions				127	16.02%	145	18.28%
Registered voters				793		793