Chemnitz-Schloßchemnitz
  district and statistical district No. 02 of Chemnitz |
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| Coordinates | 50 ° 50 '35 " N , 12 ° 54' 55" E |
| surface | 3.49 km² |
| Residents | 13,562 (Dec. 31, 2013) |
| Population density | 3886 inhabitants / km² |
| Incorporation | Oct. 1, 1880 |
| Post Code | 09111, 09113, 09114 |
| prefix | 0371 |
| Transport links | |
| Federal road |
 
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| bus | 21, 22, 23, 32, 76, N18 |
Schloßchemnitz is a district of Chemnitz . The district was formed in 1859 from the two rural communities "Schloßgasse" and "Schloßvorwerk" and was incorporated on October 1, 1880. The B 95 (Leipziger Strasse) and the B 107 (Blankenauer Strasse) run through Schloßchemnitz . The districts of Zentrum , Kaßberg , Altendorf , Borna-Heinersdorf , Furth and Hilbersdorf are adjacent to Schloßchemnitz .
In this part of the city is the castle church with the neighboring Schloßberg Museum , the "Hospital Küchwald", the ice rink with speed skating rink, the Küchwald with festival meadow, park railway and cosmonaut center as well as the Schönherrpark, the castle pond and the castle school. The Chemnitz flows through Schloßchemnitz between Mühlenstrasse and the thermal power station in Furth.
history
With the foundation of the Chemnitz Benedictine Monastery in 1136, not only the history of today's Schloßchemnitz district begins, but also that of Chemnitz. Under the protection of the monastery, the city in the Chemnitzaue was founded from here in the late 12th century.
Monastery, castle
By King Lothar III. and his wife Richenza , the Chemnitz monastery was donated in 1136 and occupied by Pegau Benedictine monks. In a written message from King Conrad III. The monastery was first mentioned in 1143 to the Vogt of the monastery. In this document the monastery was given the right to establish a market. At that time the abbots already had high jurisdiction and an area within two miles. The monastery villages subject to interest included around 1200 Kappel , Klaffenbach , Adorf , Neukirchen , Altendorf , Altchemnitz , Gablenz and Stelzendorf . The loss of numerous goods to the Bohemian King Ottokar I caused difficulties for the monastery , so that in 1216 Emperor Friedrich II compensated the Benedicts for the damage. In addition, in 1226 the Pope asked the Magdeburg Archbishopric for material assistance, so that the dissolution of the monastery and its incorporation into the Cistercian monastery in Buch (near Leisnig ) could be prevented. An upswing is only attested for 1254, when the patronage rights were acquired over “St. Jakobi "and" St. Johannis ”in Chemnitz.
1338 the monastery with the villages Glösa, Furth, Borna, was Draisdorf and Heinersdorf invested, 1375 was the rule Rabenstein , with the villages Löbenhain , Kändler , Grüna , Siegmar , bump layer and Pleißa , available for purchase. With this purchase, the bailiwick of the monastery and a third of the court cases in Chemnitz were transferred to the abbot. The larger disputes of the monastery included the Rabensteiner feud of 1386 under Abbot Albrecht von Leisnig (only briefly settled in 1390) and the sale of land (Borssendorf, Streitdorf, parts of Bernsdorf , Gablenz and Kappel) to the city of Chemnitz in 1402.
Under Abbot Heinrich von Schleinitz (1483–1522) all previous splendor of the monastery was exceeded. He had the monastery and church extensively rebuilt and held an almost princely court. This provided further explosives in the masses of the monastery villages.
The process of dissolution of the monastery began under Abbot Hilarius von Rehburg, he could not stop the emigration of the monks from the monastery. From 1524 it was opposed by a broad bourgeois opposition movement, after which from 1539 the monks were only "quietly tolerated". In 1541 more monks left the monastery and Hilarius gave up the lease over the monastery in 1546. After the dissolution of the Benedictine monastery, the monastery facilities were converted into an electoral palace in 1548.
In 1702, Elector Friedrich August I sold the building of the electoral Vorwerk , near today's Schloßberg Museum, to the Augustusburg governor von Günther, which from then on was a manor with its own jurisdiction. From this the community "Schloßvorwerk" was formed. At the end of the 19th century, the municipality of Schloßchemnitz, which was created in 1859 through the merging of the municipalities “Schloßvorwerk” and “Schloßgasse”, became a working-class suburb with typical tenement houses due to advancing industrialization. The community grew more and more together with the city, as a result of which it was incorporated into Chemnitz in 1880. The oldest workers' settlement in the city, the Hartmannsiedlung on Gottfried-Keller-Strasse, was built in the late 19th century. In order to create a recreational area for the people of Chemnitz, the city acquired the Küchwald in 1885. Until 1897 the castle mill was still located at the foot of the Schloßberg, which belonged to the Siegert family from Chemnitz from 1748 to the middle of the 19th century.
The remaining parts of the building have been the seat of the Schloßberg Museum since 1930 . A sarcophagus in the form of a holy grave from the 15th century and the "Mother of Sorrows" created by Hans Witten from the 16th century are on display . The Schloßberg Museum also offers permanent special exhibitions. Every year the "Festival of Lights" takes place on the site.
At the foot of Castle Hill since 1495 was a copper hammer, Neumühlestrasse on the left bank of Chemnitz was built in 1546/52 (now remembers the 1876 built Neumühle weir near the George street at the mill).
Castle Church
The first church on the site of today's castle church was built in the 12th century, to which the Benedictine monastery was attached to the south. It was consecrated as St. Mary's Church. Through a large-scale renovation, Abbot Heinrich von Schleinitz had a new church built on the foundations of the old church and the monastery was rebuilt from 1499 in the form of the Upper Saxon late Gothic. A few more alterations were made to the church by the middle of the 16th century.
Choir room
The baroque baptismal font with a wooden lid should be mentioned as an item of equipment. It was created in 1668 and is located in the choir room.
The Gothic main altar (Katharinenaltar) was created in 1499 by Pankratius Grueber for the Großenhain Katharinenkirche . It is on loan in the castle church. The altarpieces show images of saints and especially scenes from the life and martyrdom of Saint Catherine. Above the altar is a figure of the suffering Christ.
The sacrament house is dated to the year 1300. In the vaulted ceiling of the chancel there are frescoes which are dated to 1530. They show the four evangelists. The wall pulpit dates from 1538.
North portal
On the south side of the nave within the church there is also the north portal, which was built by master Hans Witten in 1504–1505 and completed by Franz Maidburg in 1525 . It was originally built on the front of the church around the main portal and had to be dismantled for conservation reasons and placed in the church. The portal is approx. 11 meters high and shows a representation of the world redemption, spread over three levels. The upper level (the divine level) represents the trinity : God the Father on the throne, Christ crucified, on the cross the dove as a symbol of the Holy Spirit, framed by angel figures making music and worshiping. The middle level connects the divine with the worldly and shows Mary with the baby Jesus, the patroness of the monastery church, framed by figures of John the Evangelist and John the Baptist . On the outside are the two saints of the order, St. Benedict and St. Scholastica of Nursia . The lower, secular level contains lion figures, which symbolize the guardianship in front of the sanctuary. There are also figures of the founders of the monastery (Emperor Lothar and his wife Richenza) as well as two abbots ( Heinrich von Schleinitz and Hilarius von Rehburg ). In the arch of the door there is Eve on a tree stump, opposite to Satan, and under the banner two angels hold the globe as an object of redemption.
inside view
Scourge Pillar
organ
The large symphonic-romantic organ of the castle church was built between 2006 and 2010 by the organ building company Vleugels (Hardheim). The instrument is based on organs by the French organ builder Aristide Cavaillé-Coll . It has 48 stops on three manuals and a pedal. The key actions are mechanical, supported by a historical Barker machine for the main work and the manual links to the main work. The stop actions are electric.
Castle pond
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The castle pond area belonged to the Chemnitz monastery from the beginning. Abbot Heinrich von Schleinitz had the castle pond laid out as a fish pond for the monastery in 1493. The Pleißenbach, which still waters the pond today, flowed around the castle pond. After the dissolution of the monastery, the pond was placed under the authority of Chemnitz and in 1860 it was bought by the city of Chemnitz and converted into a recreational area. The Zipper fountain was built on the Schloßteichinsel in 1913 and a new concert pavilion was built after the Second World War .
As a result of the bankruptcy of Sächsische Maschinenfabrik AG and the associated demolition of the factory buildings at the castle pond, the castle pond park could be expanded from 1930 onwards. A fountain was created, at the foot of which the group of figures " The four times of the day " created by Johannes Schilling was placed. These were initially on the staircase of the Brühlsche Terrasse in Dresden ((1872–1897), bronze casts have been there since then), were then donated to the city of Chemnitz in 1898 and placed on the Theaterplatz at the site of today's “Chemnitzer Hof”.
An Ernst Thälmann sculpture is located at the entrance to the Schloßteichpark Promenadenstrasse / Arndtplatz. The castle pond halls for trade fair events in the GDR era were built not far from here .
During the warmer seasons, rowing and paddle boats can be hired from the castle pond. In winter the icy castle pond is often used as an ice rink by the people of Chemnitz.
Küchwald
The “Küchwaldpark” recreation area is located in the north-west of the district. This park was created from 1900 to 1915 by the city gardening director Otto Werner . The Chemnitz Park Railway (formerly "Pioneer Railway") has been running within this park since 1953 (in its current route since May 1, 1954 ). On the site of the former "Küchwaldschänke" built in 1909, the open-air theater opened in 1960 and offered many cultural events, including an open-air cinema. This area was completely overgrown for a long time, as no new operator of this complex could be found after the political change in the GDR . Since 2010, the Küchwaldbühne has been used by the Association for the Promotion of the Küchwaldbühne eV for children's and youth theater, cabaret and chamber and choral music. Also worth mentioning is the “Sigmund Jähn” cosmonaut center, which opened in 1964, with the 36 meter high model of a rocket that is a pure fantasy construction. You can do sports on the tennis courts not far from the festival meadow, where the “ Free Press ” press festival is held every year . On the western edge is the ice rink, which opened on October 6, 1965 and where Katarina Witt trained.
At the end of the 18th century, the Küchwald reached as far as the buildings of the former castle. It was first mentioned in a document in 1541 ("Kuchenwaldt"), again in 1590 ("Küchenwaldt"). At the time of the Chemnitz monastery, the required wood was felled and hunted here. The city of Chemnitz acquired the Küchwald in 1885 and expanded it into a local recreation park.
The open-air theater, Küchwaldbühne
Küchwald with festival meadow and open-air stage
The ice rink on a GDR Olympic postage stamp , 1975
_1975,_MiNr_2103.jpg)
Schönherrpark
At the foot of the eastern Küchwald slope, near the Schönherr factory, on what was then Fischweg (today Schönherrstrasse), the Schönherr Park was built. It was donated by the loom manufacturer Louis Schönherr .
Lukas Church
As early as 1885, the St. Petri congregation, which was located on Theaterplatz and to which the Lukas congregation belonged until 1897, acquired an area on Josephinenplatz for the construction of a new church. The design by Ernst Giese and Son (Dresden) emerged victorious from an architecture competition held in 1897/1898 . Construction began in 1899, and the completed St. Luke Church was inaugurated in 1901 . In March 1945 the building was destroyed by bombs and its ruins were torn down in 1947. A memorial stone was erected from individual parts of the wall. Since then the two communities have been reunited.
Richard Hartmann AG or Sächsische Maschinenfabrik AG
In 1844 Richard Hartmann relocated his engineering company from the Chemnitz monastery suburb to Schloßchemnitz. The company premises were on both sides of Hartmannstrasse and extended to Fabrikstrasse and the Schloßteich. In this factory, renamed Sächsische Maschinenfabrik AG in 1870 , locomotives, machine tools, steam and spinning machines were manufactured. For the people of Chemnitz it was a spectacle for years how the large locomotives were brought to the main train station in a horse-drawn carriage . In 1903 the company received its own railway connection, so the locomotives could go directly to the nearby Altendorfer freight station on the Küchwald – Obergrüna railway line . During the Great Depression , the company went bankrupt in 1930 . The factory buildings on the castle pond were demolished and the site was converted into a park. The former administration building (built in 1896 and 1922) is now used by the Chemnitz-Erzgebirge Police Department and the Chemnitz-Mitte Police Department.
Worth seeing
- Castle pond with the castle pond fountain and the Schilling figures
- Castle Church
- Schloßberg Museum
- "Kellerhaus" and surrounding late medieval buildings at the foot of the Schloßberg
- Küchwald Park with park railway, ice rink and cosmonaut center
- Schönherrpark
- Former Schüffner calico printing factory on Müllerstrasse (built in 1851)
traffic
The Schloßchemnitz district can be reached by city bus routes 21, 22, 23, 32, 76 and the night bus route N18 operated by CVAG .
The tram line 4 once drove through Schloßchemnitz out of town via Hartmannstrasse and Leipziger Strasse to Borna, as well as tram line 7 from the city, coming via Mühlenstrasse, via Zöllnerplatz to Blankenauer Strasse to Glösa .
Web links
- Homepage of the castle church
- Homepage of Schloßchemnitz
- Cosmonaut Center "Sigmund Jähn"
- Chemnitz Park Railway
- Association for the promotion of the Küchwaldbühne e. V.
- Information about Richard Hartmann AG
Individual evidence
- ↑ Dehio Sachsen II, 1998 - Chemnitz, sacred buildings
- ^ Equipment of the castle church
- ^ New construction of the organ in the castle church
- ↑ Deutsche Bauzeitung, Volume 32, 1898, No. 20 (from March 9, 1898), p. 128.
- ↑ Destroyed churches in Chemnitz, HP Tobias Köppe , accessed on August 4, 2019.
Districts: Adelsberg | Altchemnitz | Altendorf | Bernsdorf | Borna-Heinersdorf | Ebersdorf | Erfenschlag | Furth | Gablenz | Glösa-Draisdorf | Harthau | Helbersdorf | Hilbersdorf | Hat wood | Kapellenberg | Kappel | Kassberg | Lutherviertel | Markersdorf | Morgenleite | Rabenstein | Reichenbrand | Reichenhain | Rottluff | Chemnitz Castle | Schönau | Siegmar | Sonnenberg | Stilt village | Yorck area | center
Locations: Einsiedel | Euba | Grüna | Klaffenbach | Kleinolbersdorf-Altenhain | Mittelbach | Röhrsdorf | Wittgensdorf
Districts in localities: Berbisdorf | Murschnitz