Castle Church (Blieskastel)

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The castle church in Blieskastel
inside view
Interior view 2013, after the renovation
Eastern roof turret of the castle church
Portal of the castle church

The castle church (official name: parish church St. Anna and St. Philipp ) is the parish church of the Catholic parish of St. Sebastian in Blieskastel , Saarpfalz district . It bears the patronage of St. Anne and the Apostle Philip and was built as a Franciscan monastery church in late baroque and partly early classical forms. In the list of monuments of the Saarland , the church is a single monument listed.

history

Imperial Count Franz Karl von der Leyen , who moved his residence from Koblenz to Blieskastel in 1773 , succeeded in 1775 in convincing the Franciscan recollects of the Rhenish Province to found a monastery with an attached Latin school in the residential city of Blieskastel. The count died before the church was built. The foundation stone of the Franciscan monastery church was laid on June 3, 1776, around a year after the Count's death, by his widow Countess Marianne von der Leyen .

The plans were drawn up by the Count's building inspector Peter Reheis , a student of Friedrich Joachim Stengels , the builder a. a. the Ludwigskirche in Saarbrücken . Gräflich-Leyensche building inspector Minder, who was replaced by Reheis in 1776, was also involved in the design. The stone carvings come from Emanuel Scholl and his assistants. On October 28, 1778, the church was consecrated in honor of St. Anne and the Apostle Philip . But work was still carried out on it until 1781. In the wake of the First Coalition War , the monks were expelled and the church was looted, profaned and damaged in 1793 .

Like all monasteries in the French Republic , the Franciscan monastery in Blieskastel was abolished by a resolution of June 9, 1802. In 1803 the Bishop of Trier, to whose diocese Blieskastel belonged at the time, donated the former Franciscan monastery church to the Blieskastel parish. The parish gave up the older and smaller St. Sebastian's Church on Alte Pfarrgasse as well as the construction of a new parish church on Luitpoldplatz, which began in 1788, and used the former Franciscan monastery church as the new parish church of Blieskastel. The immediately adjoining convent building was used in various ways and has served as a parish center since 2003.

Restorations were carried out from 1803 to 1809, 1911 and 1955 to 1958 .

Since 2000 the church has been extensively renovated in several construction phases. A total of eight construction phases are planned. The work should be completed in 2014 with the renewal of the organ. A church building association was founded to collect the necessary financial resources for the renovation work.

Building description

The interior of the church

The interior of the church has a rich structure through double pilasters with strong beams . Above the pilaster structure that encompasses the entire interior there is a circumferential cove that leads into a flat ceiling . The glass of the church window is unpainted and creates a light-flooded, bright room.

In 1810 the altar , pulpit and organ were transferred from the former parish church of St. Sebastian to the castle church, as the interior fittings were lost during the coalition wars. The communion grille , the baptismal font , the statue of the Virgin Mary on the left side altar and the Christmas relief at the entrance probably also come from the Sebastian Church.

The two side altars were donated by the Franciscan Father Petrus Franz Ignaz Hoeller, who died in 1814, and erected in 1816. They show both baroque and classicist features. Until 1829, the Pietà from the 14th century, “ Our Lady with the Arrows ”, stood on the Marien Altar and is now in the Holy Cross Chapel , which is part of the Blieskastel monastery complex . The statue of the Virgin Mary, which is now in a niche of the altar, is a Baroque figure from 1721. On the other side altar, the Sebastian altar, there has been a figure of St. Sebastian since 1960 , which was created around 1720 in the Würzburg area.

The high altar , with a wooden, gilded tabernacle , which probably dates from the time the church was built, is in the Rococo style. As part of a complete redesign in 1911, the altar received a new substructure, using red sandstone for the altar top and marble for the top panels of the altar steps . Above the high altar, on the back wall of the chancel , is a wood-carved crucifixion group from 1710, which comes from Wohlen in Switzerland and was purchased in 1960. In the right part of the chancel was the Count's oratory , which today serves as a sacristy . On the keystone of the former oratory box stands a wooden figure of Christ, which was created in Alsace in the 15th century and donated to the church in 1964. The Count's oratorio is the reason why the name “Castle Church” has become common for the Franciscan monastery church.

The interior of the church also includes the two-part ceiling painting . Originally there was probably no ceiling painting. In 1879, the ceiling was first decorated with a large crystal chandelier that hung in the middle of the nave. Then in 1913 the planning for a ceiling painting began. Due to the First World War , the painting could not begin until 1921, which the painter Rudolf Schmalzl ( Falkenstein / Upper Palatinate ) carried out. In the main aisle a picture was created with the title “The Victory of the Cross on Judgment Day”, in the choir above the high altar a smaller oval picture was created. Since the roof of the church was badly damaged in the Second World War , precipitation penetrated and dampened the church ceiling, which resulted in the complete destruction of Schmalzl's paintings. In August 1955, the painter Richard Holzner ( Munich ) began to create new ceiling paintings. The painting in the nave shows events from the martyrdom of St. Sebastian, the Holy Trinity and the discovery of the Holy Cross by St. Helena . The smaller painting in the choir shows St. Anne and her daughter Maria , the mother of Jesus.

The pictures of the Way of the Cross , which are attached to the side walls of the nave , come from the painter Oswald Voelkel, who created them in 1924. They are copies of a way of the cross from the 18th century, which is located in the Capuchin monastery of St. Anton in Munich. In 1955 the pictures were subjected to a restoration by the Blieskastel painter Hans Dahlem. Today's pews were purchased in 1909 and were designed based on the model of the church stalls in Schwindkirchen (Upper Bavaria) by the then curator Rumetsch from the Kaiserslautern Industrial Museum . The confessionals were made at the beginning of the 18th century.

  • Mary Altar

  • High altar and crucifixion group

  • pulpit

  • Ceiling painting

The exterior of the church

The church is part of the baroque ensemble on Schloßbergstrasse. It is a hall building with a five-axis nave and a retracted polygonal choir. The north long side of the church building with six windows is divided by pilasters, over which a triglyphic framework runs, which continues on the west facade. The richly designed west facade is characterized by pilasters in colossal order , which support a heavy triglyphic framework. Above is a gable storey with corner volutes . The portal with Tuscan double columns , architrave and triangular gable is executed in strictly classical temple architecture. A statue of St. Sebastian stands in a niche on the gable floor. At the top of the gable is the coat of arms of the noble family Leyen with a count's crown and the Leyen- Dalberg alliance coat of arms . In contrast to the richly designed west facade and the structured north side, the south side of the church building is very simply designed and has no structural elements such as B. Pilasters.

The castle church is a mendicant order church , which u. a. are characterized by the lack of church towers . Instead, there are two ridge turrets with slate hoods on the gable roof . The eastern ridge turret has an onion dome , the ridge behind the tip of the west gable also has an onion dome, which, however, does not taper to a point, but is driven up like a chimney and ends with a flat arbor on which a surrounding railing is attached. The western roof turret thus has a bizarre contour, but at the same time forms a characteristic landmark in the Blieskastel city silhouette.

The church building has a length of approx. 37.20 m and a width of 16.30 m, with the choir having a width of approx. 12.80 m.

Bells

The first ring of the church, consisting of three bells , arrived in 1779. The two largest bells were placed in the western main roof ridge, the smallest, which was later placed in the Blieskasteler Heilig-Kreuz-Kapelle, was placed in the eastern choir roof ridge. In 1811 three new bells were purchased because the French stole the bells of the first ring during the First Coalition War . The Sebastianus bell of the second chiming had to be given in for war purposes during the First World War. Since the ridge turrets and the west facade were affected by the ringing of the bells, it was decided in 1929 to build a separate bell tower behind the sacristy. In addition, the ringing has been supplemented by two additional bells. These two new bells had to be delivered for war purposes during World War II. In 1957, a completely new bell was purchased, consisting of four bells, cast by the bell foundry Pacard ( Annecy ). Of the two remaining bells of the second ring, one was given in payment at the bell foundry, the other was sold to the town of Blieskastel in 1960, which hung it in the tower of the Blieskastel cemetery chapel in 1969. The bells of the third ring are called as follows:

No. Surname volume Weight (kg) inscription
1 Christ the King bell cis 1 1800 "You are consecrated to Christ, the King, to whom everything lives"
2 Marienbell e 1 1050 "Maria, open your coat"
3 Sebastian Bell f sharp 1 750 "St. Sebastian, protect our city "
4th Mother Anna Bell a 1 450 "Mother Anna, patroness of our church, protect our families"

organ

View from the chancel to the organ gallery

After the castle church had become the new Blieskasteler parish church in 1803 , the organ of the previous parish church of St. Sebastian , built by Michel Verschneider in 1771, was transferred to the castle church by Karl Ludwig Baumann from Zweibrücken in 1811 . Baumann shut down the Rückpositiv . Using parts of this organ, a new organ was built in 1824 by the organ builders Franz Heinrich and Carl Stumm ( Rhaunen / Hunsrück ). At the beginning of the 20th century the Stumm organ had become unusable, so that a new instrument was needed. To finance the new organ, an organ building association was founded in 1901, which by 1903 had collected enough funds to order a new organ from the organ building company GF Steinmeyer & Co. ( Oettingen ), which was delivered in 1905. The case from 1771 was reused, but the Rückpositiv was converted into a sheet music cabinet.

In 1972 the organ building company Hugo Mayer ( Heusweiler ) built a new organ with 166 wooden and 2180 metal pipes. The disused Rückpositiv case was filled with life again. The instrument had 32 registers , divided into three manuals and pedal , as well as a transmission on slider chests . The game actions were mechanical, the stop actions electric. The game table of the organ was detached.

Mayer organ from 1972

The disposition was:

I Rückpositiv C – g 3
1. Wooden dacked 8th'
2. recorder 4 ′
3. Principal 2 ′
4th Fifth 1 1 ⁄ 3  ′
5. Cymbel III 1 ⁄ 3 ′
6th Cromorne 8th'
Tremulant
II Hauptwerk C – g 3
7th Pipe pommer 16 ′
8th. Prefix 8th'
9. Reed flute 8th'
10. Principal 4 ′
11. Smalled up 4 ′
12. Principal fifth 2 2 ⁄ 3  ′
13. Octave 2 ′
14th Mixture VI 1 1 ⁄ 3  ′
15th Trumpet 8th'
III Swell C – g 3
16. Wooden flute 8th'
17th Quintad 8th'
18th Ital. Principal 4 ′
19th Flute 4 ′
20th Nazard 2 2 ⁄ 3  ′
21st Forest flute 2 ′
22nd Third flute 1 3 ⁄ 5  ′
23. Scharff IV 1'
24. Bombard 16 ′
25th Hautbois 8th'
Tremulant
Pedal C – f 1
26th Sub-bass 16 ′
Pipe pommer (= No. 7) 16 ′
27. Octave bass 8th'
28. Metal dacked 8th'
29 Octave 4 ′
30th Backset V 2 2 ⁄ 3  ′
31. trombone 16 ′
32. Trumpet 8th'
The prospectus of the Mayer organ

The renovation work of the castle church carried out in the years 1999/2000 to 2013 severely affected the organ. A restoration of the instrument was therefore inevitable. In 2018 the work was subjected to a profound renovation by the organ builder Klais . It was u. a. the mechanics renewed and the pipework re-intoned. Mayer's windchests were retained, however.

The organ today has 31 registers , divided into three manuals and pedal , on slider chests . The action actions are mechanical in the manuals, electric in the pedal, and electric stop actions. The game table of the organ is free standing with a view to the organ.

I Rückpositiv C – g 3
1. Wooden dacked 8th'
2. Praestant 4 ′
3. Principal 2 ′
4th Sesquialter 2f 2 2 ⁄ 3  ′
5. Larigot 2f 1 1 ⁄ 3  ′
6th Vox humana 8th'
Tremulant
II Hauptwerk C – g 3
7th Bourdon 16 ′
8th. Praestant 08th'
9. Reed flute 08th'
10. Quintad 08th'
11. Octave 04 ′
12. Smalled up 04 ′
13. Principal fifth 02 2 ⁄ 3  ′
14th Super octave 02 ′
15th Mixture 4f 01 1 ⁄ 3  ′
16. Trumpet 08th'
III Swell C – g 3
17th Wooden flute 8th'
18th Salicional 8th'
19th Beat 8th'
20th Fugara 4 ′
21st Flute 4 ′
22nd Nazard 2 2 ⁄ 3  ′
23. Forest flute 2 ′
24. third 1 3 ⁄ 5  ′
25th Trumpet harmonique 8th'
26th Hautbois 8th'
Tremulant
Pedal C – f 1
Pedestal 32 ′
27. Sub bass 16 ′
28. Octavbass 08th'
29 Metal dacked 08th'
30th Octave 04 ′
31. trombone 16 ′
Trumpet 08th'
  • Pair : I / II, III / I, III / II, I / P, II / P, III / P, Super III / P
  • Playing aids : electronic typesetting system, tutti
  • Remarks
  1. ↑ Quint circuit of Subbass 16 '
  2. ↑ Extension of Trumpet 16 '

crypt

Under the choir and the nave is a spacious crypt with an altar and a sandstone crucifix from 1785. A burial place was set up here for the von der Leyen ruling family from Blieskastel . In addition to the grave chambers of the Franciscan Fathers, the grave of Count Franz Karl von der Leyen has been located here since 1784 and the sarcophagus with the remains of Countess Marianne von der Leyen , who died in Frankfurt am Main in 1804, since 1981 . In 1981 the countess's bones were transferred from the church in Heusenstamm near Aschaffenburg to Blieskastel.

literature

  • Michael Lamla, Gertraud Lamla: The Franciscan Monastery Blieskastel: 1775–1802 . Verlag Die Mitte, Saarbrücken 1994, ISBN 3-921236-71-1 .
  • Gertraud Lamla: The Osterrieder crib in Blieskastel, parish of St. Sebastian. Saarpfalz booklet. Leaves for history and folklore, 1996, No. 51, pp. 5–10
  • Herbert Hch. Bölke, Catholic parish of St. Sebastian, Blieskastel (Ed.): Blieskastel Castle Church. 1st edition, Blieskastel 2003, 2nd edition Blieskastel 2013
  • Robert Kast (Hrsg.): The restoration of the castle church St. Anna and Philipp Blieskastel . 1st edition. Catholic Church Building Association St. Sebastian e. V., Blieskastel 2013, ISBN 978-3-00-043016-9 , p. 168 .

Web links

Commons : Castle Church (Blieskastel)  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ List of monuments of the Saarland, sub-monuments list Saarpfalz-Kreis (PDF; 1.2 MB), accessed on August 3, 2012
  2. ↑ a b c d e f g Franciscan monastery church, the so-called. "Schloßkirche" article in the website of the city of Blieskastel, accessed on October 30, 2011
  3. ↑ a b Renovation of the Blieskastel Castle Church ( Memento from November 14, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Information page on the website of the Catholic Parish Community of St. Sebastian Blieskastel and St. Barbara Blickweiler, accessed on October 30, 2011
  4. ↑ Schlosskirche Blieskastel info page in the Saar-Palatinate district's website, accessed on October 30, 2011
  5. ↑ Kirchenbauverein St. Sebastian Blieskastel ( Memento from September 3, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) On: www.hboelke.de, accessed on August 24, 2012
  6. ↑ a b c d e f g Bölke, Herbert Hch .: Blieskastel Castle Church . Ed .: Catholic parish of St. Sebastian, Blieskastel. 1st edition. 2003.
  7. ↑ Bonkhoff, Bernhard H .: Historical Organs in Saarland. Regensburg, 2015. p. 162.
  8. ↑ Lamla, Michael: Notes on the organs of the Catholic parish church Blieskastel. In: Saarpfalz. Sheets for history and folklore. Homburg, 1988, No. 4. p. 32.
  9. ↑ a b Organ of the Castle Church of St. Sebastian (Catholic) ( Memento of the original from February 1, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , Info page of the Orgeln im Saarland website , accessed on October 30, 2011 @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.saar-orgelland.de
  10. ↑ a b Blieskastel, Schlosskirche St. Anna and St. Philipp On: www.organindex.de, accessed on January 3, 2019

Coordinates: 49 ° 14 ′ 13.6 ″  N , 7 ° 15 ′ 15.8 ″  E