Silz (Tyrol)

Silz
coat of arms	Austria map
Basic data
Country:	Austria
State :	Tyrol
Political District :	Imst
License plate :	IN THE
Surface:	65.62 km²
Coordinates :	47 ° 16 '  N , 10 ° 56'  E Coordinates: 47 ° 15 '55 "  N , 10 ° 55' 50"  E
Height :	654  m above sea level A.
Residents :	2,563 (Jan 1, 2020)
Postal code :	6424
Area code :	05263
Community code :	7 02 19
Address of the municipal administration:	Widumgasse 1 6424 Silz
Website:	www.silz.tirol.gv.at
politics
Mayor :	Helmut Dablander (Together for Silz)
Municipal Council : (2016) (15 members)	7 Together for Silz - MFS 3 Team Wolfgang Hirn 3 Silzer List - SL 2 transparent - whether J ective - credible D ig - AJD
Location of Silz in the Imst district
Silz from above
Source: Municipal data from Statistics Austria

Silz is a municipality with 2563 inhabitants (as of January 1, 2020) in the Imst district ( Silz judicial district ) in the Austrian state of Tyrol and the seat of the district court.

geography

Silz is located in the Upper Inn Valley between Telfs and Imst . The Silzer Innau is a 8.4 hectare large alluvial forest west of the village, protected since 1997, with a ban on entering at certain months of the year. Silz is located on the north side of the Stubai Alps , at the municipal borders with Sulzkogel ( 3016  m ), Hochreichkopf ( 3010  m ) and Acherkogel ( 3007  m ) are three three-thousand-meter peaks.

geology

In the valley floor between the mountains consisting of lime and dolomite in the north and the “ crystalline stones ” of the Pirchkogel and Amberg in the south lies the village of Silz.

About 20,000 years ago, at the height of the Ice Age, the valley was buried by a 1,500-meter-mighty glacial stream, from which the Pirchkogel barely protruded. The slope shoulders, the rounded peaks and the glacier cuts , which can be seen in many places on the way to the Sattele or in the lower church ( crypt ) of Petersberg, allow the work of the glaciers to be recognized wonderfully. After the Ice Age, around 12,000 years ago, the valley was largely cleared and was then filled in with deposits from the side streams and the Inn. In some parts of the Inn you can find stones from the Upper Engadin , the Pitztal , the Ötztal , the Lechtal Alps and the Tschirgant . Reddish bands in the sand are particularly noticeable; they come from rubbed garnet minerals from the Ötztal.

However, the municipality of Silz does not extend on a single level, but a lower level can be distinguished at around 650 m and an upper level at around 565 m. This shows the different ages of the valley floors. The higher level is much drier, not supplied by groundwater and was therefore planted with red pines. Only an irrigation canal from the Ötztal made better use of the area possible.

The steep rock faces of Grünberg and on the south side of Silz are a result of the work of the glacier. The ice flow cut particularly hard on the lower sides of the valley, which is how the steep shapes were created, which is also the prerequisite for the formation of the waterfall. However, the slopes became unstable as a result of the steepness. About 3,000 years ago, part of the Tschirgant fell into the valley; In contrast to Haiming, Silz was spared such landslides.

Community structure

The municipality includes the following two localities (residents as of January 1, 2020):

• Kuhtai (37)
• Silz (2526)

The municipality consists of the only cadastral municipality of the same name, Silz, whose area comprises two large parts in the shape of an eight; a northern part in the Inn Valley with the town of Silz in the middle and a southern part, the high region of which is surrounded by three thousand meter peaks of the Kühtaier Mountains. Both parts unite almost precisely on the ridge of Silzer's local mountain, the Pirchkogel. From there you get the best overview of the Silz municipality. In the south it includes the high alpine region of Kühtai. On the Kühtaier Sattel are the Almen Iss, Hämerwald, Stockach and Zirmbach, to the south of them the Finster, Längen, Mitter and Wörgetal valleys. The municipality of Silz borders the Umhausen and Oetz area at the gaps in these valleys. The view down to the north shows that Silz is one of the few villages in the Inn Valley that is not located on the debris cone of a side stream, but in the middle of the flat valley floor.

Neighboring communities

Six of the seven neighboring communities are in the Imst district.

Haiming	Obsteig	Mötz
Oetz		Stams
Umhausen	Umhausen	Sankt Sigmund im Sellrain ( Innsbruck-Land district )

history

Archaeological evidence

Until recently, the soil in Silz has withstood every attempt to wrest objects from it that would have aroused the particular interest of archaeologists. The almost complete lack of archaeological findings can be explained by the fact that Silz is one of the few villages in the Inn Valley that is not located on the rubble cone of a side stream, but in the middle of the flat valley floor.

The Silzer valley floor only has a very thin layer of humus under which the Inn gravel lies, which creates unfavorable find conditions. Much more favorable are the conditions in the vicinity of the Petersberg Castle, whose exposed, elevated position offered ideal conditions for settlement even in prehistory. However, there have not yet been any spectacular discoveries. It was only in the last few years that the prehistory and early history researchers Thomas Bachnetzer and Burkhard Weishäupl succeeded in adding a considerable number of artefacts to the modest archaeological remains in Silz. Archaeological findings from all periods of prehistory have been made particularly on the high alpine areas around Kühtai , namely in the Nedertal, Längental and Wörgetal.

Settlement history

As early as the end of the 13th century, there is evidence of a planned rural settlement for the main town of Silz , which can be called a village due to its economic and social structures . A first, albeit still quite vague idea of the extent of this settlement gives the Urbar by Count Meinhard II. Of 1288, which heads for the place Silz next two Meier yards, two mills and another yard, four fiefs and 19 chamber country as economic units . This acquis was not permanent, but was subject to constant change. In the 17th century the truce of St. Petersberg, the goods belonging to the Widum and the farm in Kühtai were the most extensive properties in the municipality of Silz. These areas and further 43 estates with 27 fiefs and 81 dwellings formed the tax municipality of Silz.

In the Theresian cadastre from 1778 the basic structures of today's village are already clearly recognizable. At that time there were 94 houses in Silz, which shaped the appearance of the village with the newly built church in 1848. In 1850, 1,140 people lived in Silz (excluding the Petersberg and the farm in Wolfsgruben), spread over 131 houses.

Cramped living conditions and economic hardship prompted several families from Silz to emigrate to Peru in 1857. The Friends of Pozuzo, founded in 1983, maintains lively contacts with the descendants of the founding colony .

The construction of the Arlbergbahn in 1882/83 brought the hoped-for upswing for Silz and established the connection to the metropolises of the Austro-Hungarian monarchy. Nevertheless, the village retained the character of agriculture and small businesses until the middle of the 20th century.

After 1950, Silz was expanded mainly to the east. In the last few decades several houses have disappeared in the center of Silz. In 1986 the working group for village renewal was set up in Silz, which succeeded in revitalizing the village structures.

Silz in the Middle Ages

The alleged first mention of Silz as "Silles" in a deed of donation from Duke Heinrich the Lion in favor of Wilten Monastery from 1166 is actually based on a learned forgery by Joseph von Hormayr from before 1838. Silz appears in the first comprehensive register of property and income for Tyroleans princes, the Urbar Count Meinhard II. of Tyrol-Gorizia to 1288 as a village called. (Two estates are paid by the Ottobeuren Benedictine Abbey .) In 1293, the Stams Abbey was also assigned a chamber land, and at that time there was still property in Burgfrieden and the Schwaighof in Kühtai . (Schwaighöfe specialized in cattle breeding and cheese production.)

In the High Middle Ages, tithe was still paid in kind. Kühtai , located just below the watershed between Sellrain- and Nedertal at an altitude of 2,000 m, was the highest old Schwaighof in Tyrol and in 1288 had to deliver 300 pieces of cheese in addition to the tenth of all sheep. If one calculates around 6 kg of cheese and 2 kg of butter for 100 liters of milk, around 5,000 liters of milk would be required at an interest rate of 300 cheese wheels.

Silz as the seat of the court

The history of the village of Silz is closely linked to the history of the St. Petersberg Castle Court . The Welfenburg, built on a hill west of Silz, came into the hands of the Counts of Tyrol at the end of the 13th century after an eventful and not always clear ownership history and was made the seat of the court by Count Meinhard II to secure his claim to power in the Upper Inn Valley. The sovereign did not exercise the judicial powers himself, but had them taken care of by caretakers who either held the castle as a fief or could dispose of it as pledges. The judge in office at Schloss Petersberg was given a blood spell . The prosecution and prosecution of serious criminal offenses fell under the jurisdiction of this high court . The punishments he imposed could harm people's lives. In fact, the parish chronicle written by Dean Sparber reports an execution in Silz, which was carried out on January 12, 1742 by beheading the thief and arsonist. It had previously been assumed that the delinquents would be brought to the place of execution in Imst.

The Petersberg court essentially comprised the municipalities within the jurisdiction of today's judicial district of Silz. Only the Stams monastery, which had its own judicial district and exercised lower jurisdiction through the tenants established in its Hofmark, had a special position in this domain (Otto Stolz, description of the country).

In addition to the administration of justice, the judge on St. Petersberg was also responsible for political administration in his district. Among other things, he was also responsible for keeping the land register, in which the court lord's possessions and the taxes of the subjects were recorded. In times of war he also had to organize national defense. In the 17th century, the judge on St. Petersberg moved the seat of the court to Silz, but this did not change the fact that his jurisdiction was further derived from the judge, who held the rule of St. Petersberg.

Under Bavarian rule, the patrimonial courts were abolished and the judiciary reorganized. The former court districts Petersberg, Hörtenberg and Stams were merged and subordinated to the Telfs district court by ordinance of the royal Bavarian government of November 21, 1806. Three years later, the Bavarian government felt compelled to increase the number of regional courts. The district court of Silz was one of five courts that were created by resolution of the Bavarian King Maximilian Joseph on November 18, 1809. With the exception of the parishes of Karres, Roppen and Rietz, the boundaries of this court district were identical to the boundaries of the former Petersberg patrimonial court.

After the end of Bavarian rule, the patrimonial rule was restored to its old rights. The organizational patent from 1817 also revived the Petersberg court as a patrimonial regional court within its old borders. The community of Silz had 1045 at that time, the district court 13,351 inhabitants.

The district courts and district authorities established in 1850 were short-lived. With ordinance of the Minister of the Interior and Justice of October 26, 1854, RGBl. 280/1854 the mixed district offices in Tyrol and Vorarlberg came into effect on November 30, 1854 and at the same time the dissolution of the previous district authorities and the courts of first instance were dissolved. Silz was one of a total of 18 district offices in the Innsbruck district that performed state administrative tasks and at the same time was the judicial authority of the first instance, with administration and justice being largely organizationally separated within the authority. The district office of Silz had lost its jurisdiction in criminal matters: The district office of Imst was appointed as the investigative court for crimes that occurred in the districts of Imst, Silz, Landeck, Ried and Nauders. The law of June 11, 1868 stipulated that the judicial affairs, which were previously carried out by the mixed district offices, were to be carried out by the district courts from now on. This meant that the judiciary and administration were also separated at the lowest state level.

Since the Federal Constitutional Law of 1920 came into force, seven district judges have served in Silz. In the recent past, the district court of Silz has repeatedly been threatened with closure. His abandonment has so far failed due to the lack of consent from the Tyrolean provincial government.

Population development

Culture and sights

St. Petersberg Castle

Parish church of Silz

Kühtai branch church

Kühtai court chapel

Lookout tower on Grünberg

See also:  List of listed objects in Silz

• St. Petersberg Castle with chapel: Headquarters of the Engelwerk and monastery of the regular Canonical Order of the Holy Cross attached to it .
• Catholic parish church Silz hll. Peter and Paul: The church was built from 1846 to 1848 in the neo-Romanesque style.
• Angerkapelle St. Sebastian
• Catholic Expositurkirche Kühtai Mariä Visitation
• Kühtai court chapel
• Former hunting lodge in Kühtai
• Chapel in Simmering
• War memorial chapel on the old federal road
• Mount of Olives Chapel
• Lookout tower on Grünberg north of Silz

Economy and Infrastructure

There are some commercial and agricultural businesses in the municipality (potato cultivation).

• The Sellrain-Silz power plant group ( Silz power plants, Kühtai) is one of the most powerful power plants in Europe.
• Kühtai is part of the community of Silz .
• Rafting on the Inn plays an important role in summer tourism in Silz .

traffic

The place can be reached via the Inntal Autobahn and the Arlbergbahn .

politics

Municipal office of Silz

Municipal council

The municipal council has a total of 15 members.

• With the municipal council and mayor elections in Tyrol in 2004, the municipal council had the following distribution: 5 list of mayor Arnold Hirn, 5 togetherness for Silz, 1 worker, employee and pensioner, 2 AJD transparent objective credible, 2 Silzer list.
• With the municipal council and mayor elections in Tyrol 2010 , the municipal council had the following distribution: 6 Together for Silz - Hermann Föger mayor list, 4 Wolfgang Hirn team - The new force for Silz, 4 Silzer list and 1 Active Jung Dynamic.
• With the municipal council and mayoral elections in Tyrol in 2016 , the municipal council has the following distribution: 7 Together for Silz, 3 Team Wolfgang Hirn, 3 Silzer List and 2 AJD transparent, objectively credible.

mayor

• until 2016 Hermann Föger (together for Silz)
• since 2016 Helmut Dablander (together for Silz)

Community partnerships

• since August 22, 1980 Pozuzo , Peru

Personalities

Sons and daughters of the church

• Johann Georg Oegg (1703–1782), art blacksmith ("King of the blacksmiths")
• Josef Marberger (1777–1811), freedom fighter
• Benedikt Perwög (1795–1860), master builder, builder of Finstermünzstrasse
• Johann Haßlwanter (1805–1869), Governor of Tyrol 1867–1869
• Isidor Müller (1827–1900), lawyer, writer, publisher, photographer, alpinist and promoter of tourism
• Arthur von Wolkenstein-Rodenegg (1837–1907), nobleman, writer and politician
• Otto Bergmeister (1845–1918), surgeon and ophthalmologist
• Hugo Engl (1852–1926), landscape and genre painter
• Ferdinand Hirn (1875–1915), imperial high school professor and historian
• Karl Egger (1914–2003), Roman Catholic priest and philologist
• Franz Schaber (1923-2010), politician
• Gebhard Gritsch (* 1956), competitive sports trainer , advisor to tennis professional Novak Đoković
• Christoph Westerthaler (1965–2018), soccer player and coach

literature

• The art monuments of Austria. Dehio Tirol 1980 . Pp. 736-739.

Web links

Commons : Silz  - collection of images, videos and audio files

• Website of the municipality of Silz (Tyrol)

• 70219 - Silz. Community data, Statistics Austria .

Individual evidence

1. ^ Special protection area Silzer Innau - Land Tirol
2. ^ Johann Zauner: Silz. Nature, HOME, culture, past and present . Ed .: Municipality of Silz, Widumgasse 1. 2015, p. 52-53 .
3. ↑ Statistics Austria: Population on January 1st, 2020 by locality (area status on January 1st, 2020) , ( CSV )
4. ^ Johann Zauner: Silz. Nature, HOME, culture, past and present . Ed .: Municipality of Silz, Widumgasse 1. 2015, p. 34-35 .
5. ↑ Friends of Pozuzo
6. ↑ Silz village book - nature, home culture - section settlement history, p. 122 ff. Contributions by Johann Zauner and Karl Palfrader
7. ↑ Martin Bitschnau , Hannes Obermair : Tiroler Urkundenbuch, II. Department: The documents on the history of the Inn, Eisack and Pustertal valleys. Volume 2: 1140-1200 . Universitätsverlag Wagner, Innsbruck 2012, ISBN 978-3-7030-0485-8 , p. 184–185 No. 625 (with detailed remarks) .
8. ^ Johann Zauner: Silz. Nature, HOME, culture, past and present . Ed .: Municipality of Silz. Widumgasse 1 2015, p. 123 .
9. ^ Website of the Ministry of Justice, BG Telfs
10. ↑ "(Royal Bavarian Government Gazette from 1810, page 242 ff.)"
11. ↑ and Ortschaftenverzeichnis-Tirol-1817.pdf Wilfried Beimrohr: The municipalities and localities of Tyrol and their population figures in 1817  ( page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  
12. ↑ ALEX Historical legal and legal texts online
13. ^ Reichs-Gesetz-Blatt für das Kaiserthum Österreich, year 1854, XLII piece, 117. Ordinance of the Ministers of the Interior, Justice and Finance of May 6, 1854
14. ↑ ALEX Historical legal and legal texts online
15. ↑ Opus Sanctorum Angelorum: Annual Program 2016 ( Memento of the original from August 4, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (undated, accessed March 26, 2017). 
16. ^ Dehio Tirol 1980
17. ↑ From Silz to the Grünberg / hiking tour on alpintouren.com
18. ^ Johann Zauner: Silz. Nature, HOME, culture, past and present . Ed .: Municipality of Silz, Widumgasse 1. 2015, p. 252 .
19. ^ Johann Zauner: Silz. Nature, HOME, culture, past and present . Ed .: Municipality of Silz. 2015, p. 494 (photocopies of the documents can be viewed).