Kirner Nahewinkel

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Kirner Nahewinkel
Natural area map of the Kirner Nahewinkel and Sobernheimer Talweitung.png
surface 181.1 km²
Systematics according to Handbook of the natural spatial structure of Germany
Main unit group 19 →
Saar-Nahe-Bergland
4th order region
(main unit)		 193 →
North Palatinate Uplands
5th order region 193.0–11 →
Kirner Nahewinkel
Natural area characteristics
Landscape type Low mountain range
Highest peak Kresselkopf ( 495.6  m )
Geographical location
Coordinates 49 ° 45 '8 "  N , 7 ° 32' 57.7"  E Coordinates: 49 ° 45 '8 "  N , 7 ° 32' 57.7"  E
Kirner Nahewinkel (Rhineland-Palatinate)
Kirner Nahewinkel
Location Kirner Nahewinkel
circle Birkenfeld district , the district of Bad Kreuznach , Kusel

As a natural area, the Kirner Nahewinkel forms the extreme northwest of the North Palatinate Uplands , which, apart from the town of Hoppstädten ( Kusel district ) in the south, lies outside the Palatinate in the Birkenfeld and Bad Kreuznach districts in Rhineland-Palatinate . It consists mainly of the right-hand catchment area of ​​the Nahe from below the mouth of the Bollenbach near Nahbollenbach to above the mouth of the Glan near Staudernheim and extends from Idar-Oberstein to the west via Kirn in the north-west and south of Bad Sobernheim in the north-east to Sien in the south . The Kirner Nahe valley in the north-west occupies 27.9 km², the mountainous area adjoining it to the southeast, consisting of Sien-Lauschieder ridge and Becherbach-Reidenbacher grounds, 153.2 km². To the north-east is the 60.9 km² large Sobernheim valley widening into which the streams in the north-east also drain and which could also be added to the landscape.

Natural structure

In the first division of the main unit 193 in the handbook of the natural spatial structure of Germany together with mapping from 1954, the Kirner Nahe valley had not yet been included, but this changed with the provisionally final map from 1960. The Sobernheim valley widening, on the other hand, was still attributed to the "Lower Naheland" and thus the Upper Rhine lowlands in 1960 , in whose sub-landscape the Lower Nahe hill country it now passes to the northeast, and only became part of the Saar-Nahe mountainous region in 1964, on sheet 150 Mainz slammed. Despite its small size, it received the status of a main unit (196) instead of adding it to the North Palatinate Bergland (193), which is probably due to the independence of this flat undulating landscape, but is not expressly justified in Blatt Mainz. As a result, the North Palatinate Bergland nominally has two valley sections of the Nahe, which are almost 14 km away as the crow flies and separated by around 20 km.

The Kirner Nahe angle is divided into natural areas as follows :

  • (to 19 Saar-Nahe-Bergland )
    • (to 193 North Palatinate Uplands )
      • 193.0–11 Kirner Nahewinkel (181.1 km²)
        • 193.0 Kirner Nahetal (27.9 km²)
        • 193.10 Becherbach-Reidenbacher Grund (88.2 km²; up to 495.6 m, inside up to 452.7 m)
        • 193.11 Sien-Lauschieder mountain ridge (65.0 km²; up to 462.1 m, inside up to 434.7 m)
      • 196 Sobernheim valley widening (60.9 km²)

Kirner Nahe Valley

The Kirner Nahe valley is the valley of the Nahe between the Nahetal business park immediately above the mouth of the Bollenbach near Nahbollenbach to the valley below Simmertal . The valley runs roughly in a north-northeast direction as far as Kirn, after which it is named , from now on in an east-northeast direction and is accompanied by the federal road 41 and the Nahe valley railway . It continues the much narrower and winding Obersteiner Naheengtal further to the northeast

The direction-changing Nahe valley in Kirn seen from the Kyrburg with Gauskopf and Auf dem Loh settlement (below left)

The Nahe flows sequentially Nahbollenbach and Weiersbach , both for the administrative reform in 1969/70 (northeastern) Areas of Idar-Oberstein , and the left side Fischbach to the district of Birkenfeld to leave and the district of Bad Kreuznach to enter. The valley on the right now reaches the north-west of Bärenbach with Naumburg Castle , on the left the valley is already in the city of Kirner, where Kirnsulzbach soon joins until the core town of Kirns occupies both sides; The Kyrburg towers up on the left side of the valley . After the direction angle in Kirn, the Nahe flows through Hochstetten-Dhaun with Hochstetten on the left and Hochstädten on the right; Dhaun Castle is already on the left in the natural area of ​​the Simmerbach breakthrough , but near the northern flank of the valley. Immediately with the Simmertal, the area of ​​the municipality of Simmertal is reached on the left-hand side, after which the Kirner Nahe valley ends through a narrow valley and the river then takes on east-south-east direction.

The Kirner valley has three valleys worth mentioning with breakthroughs through porphyrite and melaphyre bars . The first immediately follows the right-hand mouth of the Reidenbach at Niederreidenbacherhof . The second is in the southwest of the core town of Kirns between the Gauskopf on the right and the Kyrburg on the left; here the Nahe experiences its first major change of direction from northeast to east-northeast. The third finally lies directly below Kirns and the mouth of the Meckenbach on the right-hand side, on the northwest flank of the Hellberg, and forces the river to form a loop that is open to the southeast, after which the valley widens again before Hochstetten. The so-called Hellbergenge , which, together with the one on Gausberg, closes the Kirner valley basin , leads to a build-up of cold in the latter. After all, this means that the warmth-loving Nahe viticulture on the river ends exactly in Hochstädten to the west. In the Hellbergenge, the river lacks the Holocene valley floor, which is otherwise consistently present in the Kirner Nahe valley.

The Nahe increases considerably in water during the passage of the Kirner Nahe Valley - of course the Bollenbach, which drains the 15.614 km² of the Idarsteiner Winterhauchs, and the other right-hand streams coming from the Becherbach-Reidenbacher reasons (see below) hardly play a role, but the large Hunsrück rivers do so . While the Nahe drained 567.089 km² catchment area up to the Bollenbach, the Fischbach flowing into Fischbach alone adds 97.614 km², the Hahnenbach flowing into Kirn 268.273 km² and the Simmerbach flowing into Simmertal 395.061 km², whereby the Nahe flows into the Sobernheimer The valley widening has already drained 1,468.507 km² and has more than doubled.

Sobernheim valley widening

The Sobernheim valley widening , which is located in the Bad Kreuznach district and named after the central town of Bad Sobernheim , is the widening of the Nahe valley from its change of direction towards east-south-east directly above Martinstein to the mouth of the Glan , a short picture of its north-north-east direction and passing a valley directly below by Boos . Like the Kirner Nahe valley (see above), which it continues, the Sobernheim valley widening is accompanied by the federal road 41 and the Nahe valley railway .

View of the Sobernheim valley widening with Sobernheim and Meddersheim (left behind), in the background the edge of the valley with the little cup

The close happens left side Martin Stone and Weiler bei Monzingen , once on the right side follows Merxheim , left in some distance then Monzingen and located slightly higher than the river, walnut . Meddersheim follows on the right near side until you finally reach Bad Sobernheim on both sides. On the northern (left) edge of the valley, the Dörndich district is two and a half kilometers from the river, while south of the core city area the Nahe comes close to the steeper southern edge of the valley and leaves little settlement area to the right of the Nahe. After passing Staudernheim opens, on the right z. T. in the Odernheim area, the Glan, whose north-northeast direction is recorded, with the river again running closely along the steep edge on the right-hand side. Between Staudernheim and the Boos on the left, due to the change in direction, the town of Oberstreit , located higher up on the northern edge of the valley, is framed in an arc shape by the Nahe at a roughly constant distance of almost two kilometers from south to east. The place Waldböckelheim lies northeast just outside the valley widening, but has unpopulated parts of it.

While the B 41 avoids the core urban area of Bad Sobernheim by changing the direction of the east-southeast to northeast and northwest flanks and the valley widening on Waldböckelheim northeast into already for the Upper Rhine lowland counted Lower Nahe hill country leaves to be highway-like soon, the Nahe Valley Railway continues to follow the river through its breakthrough valleys into the porphyry mountains from Münster am Stein towards Bad Münster am Stein .

The Nahe, which had already more than doubled its catchment area in the Kirner Nahe Valley due to the great Hunsrück rivers to 1,468.507 km², extends this u. a. through the Gaulsbach on the left, coming from the Soonwald direction , draining 44.576 km² and flowing through Monzingen to 1608.978 km². With the 1220.446 km² of the Glan and a few small brooks, it will be 2836.801 km² by the time it exits the valley, which is another doubling.

Sien-Lauschieder mountain ridge and Becherbach-Reidenbacher grounds

Sheet 150 Mainz divides the mountainous area, bounded to the northwest by the Kirner Nahe valley and to the northeast by the Sobernheim valley widening, into the Sien-Lauschieder mountain range , which runs from Sien to Lauschied , on the watershed between Nahe and Glan in the southeast, and the Becherbach- Reidenbacher reasons that stretch from there to the northwest to the Kirner Nahe valley. This classification is somewhat misleading, especially by name, as the Becherbach-Reidenbacher reasons reach a maximum of higher altitudes than the Sien-Lauschieder ridge and the transitions between the two around Limbach are also quite fluid. In the literal sense of the word, the name Becherbach-Reidenbacher reasons would only apply to the western part of the landscape, where the north-western lower reaches are noticeably close together and are populated in many villages. Here, the Riedel towers over the stream valleys by up to 200 m (Bärenbach in Bärenbach: 220 m, Riedel east of it: 425.6 m).

The highest heights are reached on the southwestern edge of the landscape. At 495.6 m, the Kresselkopf towers over  the south-west adjoining Bollenbach valley at Kirchenbollenbach by around 175  m , but on the other hand remains well below the level of the Obersteiner Winterhauchs behind it , which is just 3 km south-west on the Mahlbergskopf , exactly 100 m more reached. Remarkably, all of the Bollenbach tributaries come from the Winter Hauch on the left-hand side, which clearly shifts the natural boundary here to the other side of the valley.

On the southwest edge of the nominal Sien-Lauschieder ridge between the sources of Bärenbach and Großbach, 462 m are still reached, but there is no geomorphologically distinctive outer boundary to the low-relief Baumholder Platte, which is similar in height in the immediate vicinity . In the interior of the landscape, Limbacher Höhe (nominally Becherbach-Reidenbacher reasons) 452.7 m south and at Oderborner Kopf (nominally Sien-Lauschieder ridge) north of Limbach 434.7 m.

Rivers and places

Between Kirn and the entrance to the Sobernheim valley widening above Martinstein, the Nahe changes its north-east direction, parallel to the Hunsrück, to east-northeast, in order to then assume east-south-east direction in the Sobernheim valley widening. The creeks flowing into the Kirner Nahe Valley run roughly perpendicular to this roughly to the northwest, while those flowing towards the widening of the valley tend to the northeast. The brooks that arise on the south-east side of the natural area leave it in turn approximately to the south-east over the Jeckenbach to the Glan .

The following rivers drain the natural area to the Nahe (arranged downwards, length and catchment area in brackets ) with the following locations downstream:

The list shows that around 60% of the 153.2 km² low mountain range of the natural area (excluding the Nahe valleys) drains into the Kirner Nahe valley and the vast majority of the places in the natural area are located on these streams.

The streams up to and including the Bärenbach are in the Birkenfeld district , those from the Großbach in the Bad Kreuznach district, with the following exceptions:

  • Sien on the upper reaches of the Großbach is in the district of Birkenfeld
  • Becherbach on the lower reaches of the Bärenbach is in the Kreuznach district
  • Hoppstädten am Perlebach-Oberlauf in the extreme south is in the Kusel district

In the Kirner Nahe Valley, the district boundary runs between Fischbach and Kirnsulzbach.

traffic

The villages of the Sien-Lauschieder mountain ridge, which is only weakly divided, are connected to one another by a dense network of county and state roads. Due to the high relief energy , this is different in the deeply cut valleys of the Becherbach-Reidenbacher Grund. As a rule, there is only one cross connection between two neighboring stream valleys.

The federal road 270 runs through the Reidenbachtal upstream to Oberreidenbach, crosses the upper Bärenbachtal near Sienhachenbach and the upper Großbachtal in Sien, and finally, outside the natural area, crosses the Jeckenbachtal near Langweiler and over the valley of the Grumbach with Grumbach in Lauterecken on the B 420 that follows the course of the Glan. The state road 182, which meets the B 270 in Sien, runs across the Großbachtal; District roads follow the valleys of the Dickesbach to Dickesbach and the Bärenbach to Schmidthachenbach, as well as the Limbach. Between the lower reaches of these streams run only between Dickesbach and Mittelreidenbach (314.6 m → 365 m → 262.7 m), between Oberreidenbach and Schmidthachenbach (302.6 m → 345 m → 252.8 m) and from there on to Becherbach (→ 340 m → 255 m) and finally to Limbach (→ 348.5 m → 308.1 m) circular or side streets as a cross connection, which often run in serpentines on the slopes of the Riedel.

The Kirner settlement Auf dem Loh am Gauskopf and Meckenbach am Meckenbach, both on the northern flank of the mountainous region, can only be reached via serpentine dead ends from the Kirner Nahe valley, from which the Auf dem Loh road as a local road leads up to 340 m and the county road after Meckenbach ends as such at 268.5 m and is only extended by the main road to a height of almost 300 m. The district road from Meddersheim in the Sobernheim valley widening to Kirschroth, which runs parallel to the Altenberger Bach, ends directly in the village at an altitude of 261.4 m and is only extended by a lesser street leading up to 370.0 m in the direction of Limbach.

mountains

The following mountains - sorted according to height in meters (m) above sea ​​level (NHN), below the natural area (^: mountain is shown on the map) - are located in the Kirner Nahe angle or in the immediate vicinity on the Meisenheim Heights to the southeast (193.12):

  • Kresselkopf ^ (495.6 m) - Becherbach-Reidenbacher Grund (southwestern seam to the Obersteiner Winterhauch , 194.10, Prims-Nahe-Bergland; north of Kirchenbollenbach )
  • Gerhardsberg (at the west summit 462.1 m, main summit 457.9 m) - Sien-Lauschieder Höhenücken (western edge mountain to Baumholder Platte, 194.11, Prims-Nahe-Bergland , 2.6 km southwest of Sien )
  • Limbacher Höhe ^ (452.7 m) - Becherbach-Reidenbacher reasons (northeast of it, north of Limbach )
  • Oderborner Kopf ^ (434.7 m) - Sien-Lauschieder mountain ridge (west of Hundsbach )
  • Stich ^ (425.6 m) - Becherbach-Reidenbacher Grund (east of Bärenbach )
  • Küppchen ^ (417.6 m) - Becherbach-Reidenbacher Grund (north-northeast spur of the Limbacher Höhe to the edge of the Sobernheim valley widening; north of Kirschroth )
  • Ringberg (a good 400 m) - Sien-Lauschieder mountain ridge (there southeastern Randberg, northwest of Schweinschied; with NSG Ringberg on the southern slope)
  • Atzelsberg (387.3 m) - Meisenheimer Höhen (northwestern Randberg, northwest of Langweiler; NSG Atzels-Berg and Brecher-Berg )
  • Gauskopf ^ (386.1 m) - Becherbach-Reidenbacher Grund (northern edge of it before the Nahe; south of Kirn )
  • Hellberg ^ (365.4 m) - Becherbach-Reidenbacher Grund (northern edge of it before the Nahe, east of Kirn)
  • Brecheberg (362.9 m) - Meisenheimer Höhen (northeast of Langweiler; NSG Atzels-Berg and Brecher-Berg )
  • Lauschieder Höhe (346.2 m) - Sien-Lauschieder mountain ridge (northwest of Hühnerhof )
  • Nauenberg (337.4 m) with north-northeast spur Mühlenberg - Becherbach-Reidenbacher Grund (Mühlenberg is the northern edge spur and southwestern Talengenrandhöhe; south-southeast to east-northeast of Hochstädten )
  • Kyrburg (approx. 300 m) - Kirner Nahetal (west of Kirn)
  • Flachsberg (298.0 m) - Sobernheim valley widening (northwestern Randberg and northeastern Talengenrandhöhe, southern spur of the Seesbach-Spabrück plateau in the Soonwald preliminary stage , 2.5 km further north, 443.3 m ; north-northwest of Martinstein )
  • Schloßberg (243 m) - Kirner Nahetal (northwest of Bärenbach; Naumburg Castle )

geology

Geologically, the Kirner Winkel differs significantly from the south-east adjoining Glan-Alsenz heights (193.12–16). While the Rotliegend of the Nahe subgroup predominates in the latter , the rock on the Sien-Lauschieder ridge changes to the Nahe subgroup - which otherwise only occurs again in the Kaiserstraßensenke 25 km southeast and in the eastern Bürgerwald southwest to northeast of the Donnersberg and over the boundaries of the local natural area, to the southwest to the Obersteiner Winterhauch and to the northeast, beyond the Sobernheim valley widening, in the Soonwald preliminary stage (main unit 195) to the 437.7 m high Gauchswald . At the edge in the border area there are also somewhat older Rotliegend rocks that extend into the Carboniferous, while Lauschied is still just on the Nahe formation. The Großbach-Unterlauf flows on sediments of the Holocene , which are flanked by which of the Pleistocene , the other to the northwest directed lower reaches are also surrounded by sediments of the Pleistocene; in the Soberner widening the Pleistocene border is strikingly wide, while it is completely absent in the Kirner Nahe valley.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Emil Meynen , Josef Schmithüsen (Ed.): Handbook of the natural spatial structure of Germany . Federal Institute for Regional Studies, Remagen / Bad Godesberg 1953–1962 (9 deliveries in 8 books, updated map 1: 1,000,000 with main units 1960).
  2. ↑ a b c d Harald Uhlig : Geographical land survey: The natural spatial units on sheet 150 Mainz. Federal Institute for Regional Studies, Bad Godesberg 1964. →  Online map (PDF; 4.7 MB)
  3. ↑ a b Landscape profile of the large landscape 19 of the landscape information system of the Rhineland-Palatinate nature conservation administration ( notes )
  4. ↑ a b c d e f g Map service of the landscape information system of the Rhineland-Palatinate nature conservation administration (LANIS map) ( notes )
  5. ↑ Natural area table with area information from the State Office for the Environment, Water Management and Trade Inspectorate Rhineland-Palatinate (PDF; 250 kB)
  6. ↑ Sheet 150 Mainz gives heights of up to 480 m, which the Rhineland-Palatinate Service LANIS has apparently taken over. However, there is no mountain of this height there.
  7. ↑ a b GeoViewer of the Federal Institute for Geosciences and Raw Materials ( information )
  8. ↑ a b GeoExplorer of the Rhineland-Palatinate Water Management Authority ( information )
  9. ↑ The gap between the Gerhardsberg and its western, nameless neighbor is about 436 m.
  10. ↑ In today's topographic maps the Lauschieder Höhe is not recorded by name, but it is in the map of the German Empire, cf. the map from sheet 150 Mainz .