St. Peter (Worms-Herrnsheim)

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St. Peter in Herrnsheim is the town's Roman Catholic parish church . It is consecrated to Saint Peter and for centuries was the burial place of the branch of the Dalberg family who lived in the neighboring Herrnsheim Castle . Today the church is mainly characterized by the Gothic construction phase of the 15th century and neo-Gothic conversions from the 19th century.

Choir of the Church of St. Peter
View of the church from Herrnsheim Castle over its farm building

history

middle Ages

A church existed here before the 13th century. The oldest remains of the Romanesque church still visible today are in the nave and tower and are dated to the first quarter of the 13th century. The oldest surviving mention of the church comes from 1212.

The Romanesque church had three aisles and was extended in the second half of the 15th century in a Gothic style. The reason was that a branch of the family of the eunuchs of Worms with Philip I had taken over the village and the castle . The church was now used as a family burial place and the castle remained a residence until the middle of the 19th century, first of the treasurers of Worms, then of the von Dalberg family that emerged from it . The renovation began around 1470 when the polygonal choir of the church was rebuilt in the late Gothic style. The builder was Jakob von Landshut , head of the building works at the Strasbourg cathedral . The redesign of the Herrnsheim church is one of his early works. The Romanesque nave was rebuilt in Gothic forms: the Romanesque, square pillars were given an octagonal cross-section and the ceiling of the central nave was provided with a reticulated vault. The tower windows were Gothicized. Only one on the east side, the attic of the main nave, still has its original shape.

A chapel was built along the south aisle as a family burial place. It has two bays , the vaulted ceiling has a complex rib system and shows the coats of arms of those of Dalberg and those of Flersheim , thus referring to the marriage of the builder, Philipp I Chamberlain von Worms († 1492) and his wife, Barbara von Flersheim († 1483). The chapel was dedicated to St. Ursula . Originally, it was built with a cellar, which was later filled in. The grave slabs there were moved to the chapel itself. The church was not only used as a burial place by the von Dalberg family , other church activities also took place here, such as baptisms .

The year 1478 can be found in the south portal of the church. The work was completed around 1490.

In the 15th century the church had six clergymen: five altarists for the altars of Mary and Saints Nicholas , Jodokus , Magdalena and Ursula and a plebanus . One of the altarists ran the school.

Early modern times and Reformation

During the Reformation, the von Dalberg family remained - with a few exceptions - Roman Catholic. Only Philip V and his son, Eberhard II, became Lutheran . According to the principle of Cuius regio, eius religio , Philip V introduced the Lutheran denomination in 1581 in the villages of Abenheim and Herrnsheim he ruled . However, since this line of Dalbergs died out with Eberhard II, Roman Catholic Dalbergers inherited the villages. In 1625 they reintroduced the Roman Catholic denomination. This was reversed with the Swedish occupation of Herrnsheim during the Thirty Years' War , but Wolfgang Johann von Dalberg is said to have received permission from the Swedish King Gustav II Adolf to continue reading the Roman Catholic mass in the Dalberg Chapel . Another version of this “exemption” is that once a year a Roman Catholic mass could be read in the Dalberg Chapel. In 1635 the church in Herrnsheim was finally Roman Catholic again.

Modern times

Ground plan before the renovation in 1904
The Gothic choir of Jakob von Landshut, shifted to the east on the substructure from 1904

In 1878 another ship was placed in front of the north aisle, the east end of which was designed as a Sacred Heart Chapel and which received a gallery . This made it possible to create 90 more places that were urgently needed at the time. The Mainz cathedral master builders Pierre Cuypers and then Joseph Lucas were responsible for this conversion .

In 1883 the industrialist Cornelius Wilhelm Heyl from Worms bought Herrnsheim Castle, also to promote his elevation to the nobility. That succeeded and from then on he called himself von Heyl zu Herrnsheim . Although he did not live permanently in Herrnsheim, he used the Dalberg estate to give his young nobility title its old splendor. He also promoted the expansion and preservation of St. Peter - although he was Protestant himself : in 1903 the tower was given a new upper floor and a new helmet. Including the weathercock and cross, it is 47 m high. In 1904/1905 there was a thorough renovation under the architect August Greifzu . The choir was removed and rebuilt further east on the street on a new basement. The space between the nave and the choir was designed in the width of the four naves similar to a transept . Choir flank towers were also built. All this happened in a neo-Gothic style.

The von Heyl family did not use St. Peter's Church as a burial site, but built the Gottliebenkapelle in Herrnsheim for this purpose .

In 1912 a vestibule was added in front of the portal west of the Dalberg Chapel. Today it serves as a memorial for the people of Herrnsheim who died in the Second World War .

In 1971 the 750th anniversary was celebrated on the basis of the oldest surviving mention of the church.

building

The church appears to have five aisles in this area thanks to the Dalberger chapel that accompanies the southern side aisle in sections and the northern nave added in 1878. With the component inserted between the offset choir and nave in 1904/1905, the complex appears to have a cross-shaped floor plan. A two-bay sacristy was added to the north of the choir . The west tower was also raised in the course of this extensive redesign. It originally had an open hall.

Furnishing

The carved choir stalls are from 1486, the pulpit from 1489. It shows the coat of arms of the von Dalberg family.

Altars

Main altars
In the course of the renovation of the church 1904/1905 the baroque altar was removed by St. Paul in Worms translocated and there again in 1929 consecrated as altar after it was invented by the Dominicans had been taken over as a monastery church.
In St. Peter the baroque high altar was replaced by a neo-Gothic winged altar . When closed, it shows two painted panels, the miracle of the multiplication of the bread and the institution of the Eucharist . When open, the tabernacle can be seen in the middle , flanked by panels in painted relief carving depicting events from the life of Jesus (from left to right): Ascension , birth , adoration of the kings and resurrection . A mercy seat is arranged in the middle above the scenes , flanked by two evangelists . The other two are each to the side of the altar structure and are covered when its wings are open. : This neo-Gothic altar is one of the few completely preserved that was not subsequently modernized or mutilated. This makes it a valuable art historical testimony today.
Side altars

Funerary monuments

There are numerous grave monuments, especially those of the von Dalberg family, both in the Dalberger Chapel and along the southern outer wall of the church. In addition to the epitaphs, grave slabs are also - sometimes additionally - embedded in the ground. The grave monuments are:

in the burial chapel
  • As an epitaph for Philip I treasurer of Worms , † 1492, and his wife, Bärbel von Flersheim, † 1483, a double portrait was erected in the southeast corner of the chapel. Barbara was the first of the family to be buried in the then new burial chapel. Since the year of death of Philip I was obviously added in the inscription, it is assumed that the tomb was built between 1483 and 1492. The grave slab for Philip I lies in front of the altar in the floor of the chapel.
  • Grave slab for Philip II.
  • The double tomb for Wolfgang V, † 1549, and his wife, Elisabeth, née Vetzer von Geisspitzheim, † 1534, is in the middle of the south wall of the chapel. It was created by Joseph Schmid from Urach . Wolfgang V. is shown in parade armor, she in rich, festive clothing.
  • Tomb and grave slab for Eberhard I, † 1559, and his first wife, Ursula, née von Hutten , † 1555. Here, in the inscription, the incorrect year of death 1561 is found, which may be because the tomb was not created until 1618 .
  • The tomb for Georg (Jörg) von Dalberg, † 1561, his two wives, Anna, née von Flersheim, † 1553, and Elisabeth, née Ulner von Dieburg , † 1594, is a monumental Renaissance tomb that covers the entire west wall of the Dalberg - Chapel occupies. It shows George on one side and his two wives on the opposite side praying under the cross and in the background the 12 children from both marriages. The tomb is attributed to Endress (Andreas) Wolf from Heilbronn.
  • The epitaph for Wolfgang Friedrich I von Dalberg († 1621) and his first wife, Ursula, † 1611, occupies the east wall of the Dalbergs' grave chapel, which is dedicated to Saint Ursula, and has the shape of a high altar. The central picture shows the figures of Mary and John adoring on both sides of the crucified Christ arranged in the middle. The late Gothic wooden crucifix of this scene is part of a renovation of the tomb altar from 1753. The people in front of the scene represent the donor couple outside, in front of them their children. Which ones are depicted is controversial in detail, as the depiction does not match the genealogy, which has six daughters, and the inscription on the tomb is probably also incorrect. One of the two larger female figures on the far right could represent Margareta Kunigunde, née Löw von Steinfurth , † 1626, the second wife of Wolfgang Friedrich I. The monument was originally colored, the colors were later removed.
  • Franz Heinrich von Dalberg , † 1776, and his wife, Maria Sophie Anna Freiin von Eltz-Kempenich , † 1763
  • The tomb for Duke Emmerich Joseph von Dalberg , † 1833, is designed as a stele with a bust. He was both the last Dalberger to be buried here and the last burial within the church.
in the choir

On the side walls of the choir, two epitaphs painted on wood hang opposite each other:

  • One picture shows Philipp V von Dalberg , † 1590, and his family under a mercy seat scene.
  • The other picture was made for Wolfgang IX. von Dalberg, † 1616, created. It shows him and his family in a resurrection scene .
in the nave
  • Grave monument for Magdalena von Dalberg, † 1556, and her husband, Heinrich von Zeiskam , † 1562
in the inner north aisle
  • The tomb of Dieter V. von Dalberg, † 1467 is at the height of the Sacred Heart Altar behind him at the transition to the transverse building.
  • The tomb of Paul von Breitenbach, † 1555, is located directly opposite the tomb of Dieter V. von Dalberg at the entrance to the pulpit.
  • Tomb of Johann Kohler von Andernach, † 1480, clergyman
in the outer north aisle
  • The tomb for Wolfgang Eberhard II von Dalberg zu Herrnsheim and Abenheim, † 1737, and his wife, Anna Maria, née Greiffenclau zu Vollrads, † 1768, is on the north wall, between the entrance and the window to the east.
  • The tomb for Margareta, née von Rechberg , † 1547, wife of Wolfgang VIII (1522–1576), was placed between the two east windows.
southern outer wall
further burials, without precise location information

organ

The organ was installed in 1995 by Johannes Klais Orgelbau as Opus 1738 and replaces an organ from 1929 that Michael Körfer from Gau-Algesheim had built. The new organ has 25 registers , which are divided into two manuals and pedal . Your brochure is from Leopold Hafner . The disposition is as follows:

I main work C–
Principal 8th'
Tube bare 8th'
Salicional 8th'
Octave 4 ′
Pointed flute 4 ′
Super octave 2 ′
Larigot 1 1 ⁄ 3  ′
Cornet III 2 2 ⁄ 3  ′
Mixture V 2 ′
Trumpet 8th'
II Rückpositiv C–
Lull Travers 8th'
Covered 8th'
Praestant 4 ′
Choir flute 4 ′
Nazard 2 2 ⁄ 3  ′
Duplicate 2 ′
third 1 3 ⁄ 5  ′
Cymbel III 1'
Cromorne 8th'
Vox Humana 8th'
Tremulant
Pedal C–
Sub bass 16 ′
Octave bass 8th'
Violoncello 8th'
Super octave 4 ′
bassoon 16 ′

Bells

No.
  		Foundry, casting location
  		designation
  		Casting year
  		Weight
(kg) 		Nominal
  		annotation
 
1 Bell foundry Hamm , Frankenthal St. Peters bell February 4, 1910 1485 d
2 Friedrich Schrader, Frankenthal Magdalene bell 1785 950 f Among other things, it bears a coat of arms of the Dalberg family
3 St. Sebastian's bell 1951 510 as Replacement for a bell that was melted down during World War II
4th Guardian Angel Bell 1951 350 b Replacement for a bell that was melted down during World War II

A bell cast in 1482 or 1485 jumped on the evening of Corpus Christi day , May 30, 1907. It was sold to the Palatinate Historical Museum in Speyer .

useful information

There is a considerable church treasure with holdings from the 15th century to the Baroque , including two vestments with coats of arms. It is probably part of the castle chapel, which the Barons von Heyl had no use for after taking over the castle in 1883 and donated it to the local community.

literature

  • Johannes Bollinger: 100 families of the chamberlain from Worms and the lords of Dalberg . Bollinger, Worms-Herrnsheim 1989. Without ISBN.
  • Georg Dehio : Handbook of the German art monuments . Rhineland-Palatinate. Saarland . German art publisher . Munich, 2nd edition 1984. ISBN 3-422-00382-7 , pp. 1183f.
  • Christine Dirigo: St. Peter in Herrnsheim. Overall representation of the two renovation phases 1878/79 and 1904/05 taking into account the work of the architect August Greifzu and the church painter Fritz Muth . [Unpublished Master's thesis] at the Institute for European Art History at the University of Heidelberg 1997.
  • Festival committee: 1200 years of Herrnsheim. 750 years of the parish church of St. Peter. Program for the festival year 1971 . [Worms-Herrnsheim 1971.]
  • NN: Signpost through the Catholic parish church of St. Peter. Worms-Herrnsheim . Bollinger. Worms-Herrnsheim 1961.
  • A. Schmitt: The Herrnsheimer Dalberg and their church . Hübner, Herrnsheim-Worms 1933.
  • Detlev Schwennicke: European family tables. Family tables on the history of the European states . New series, vol. 9: Families from the Middle and Upper Rhine and from Burgundy . Marburg 1986. Without ISBN, plate 59.
  • Anneliese Seeliger-Zeiss: The treasurers of Worms called by Dalberg in the mirror of their grave monuments . In: Kurt Andermann (Hg.): Ritteradel im Alten Reich: Die Kämmerer von Worms called von Dalberg = work of the Hessian Historical Commission 31. Hessian Historical Commission , Darmstadt 2009. ISBN 978-3-88443-054-5 , p. 73 -119.
  • Irene Spille: Monument topography Federal Republic of Germany . Cultural monuments in Rhineland-Palatinate 10 = city of Worms. Wernersche Verlagsgesellschaft , Worms 1992. ISBN 978-3-88462-084-7
  • Irene Spille: The cath. Parish Church of St. Peter in Worms-Herrnsheim . Kunstverlag Josef Fink, Lindenberg 2006.

Web links

Commons : St. Peter  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Remarks

  1. ^ Ordinal numbers according to Bollinger, pp. 10–13.
  2. ^ Philipp Wilhelm von Dalberg was a son of the President of the Reich Chamber Court, Philipp Franz Eberhard von Dalberg . Philipp Wilhelm became canon in Worms and Mainz in 1695 , canon in the monastery of St. Alban in front of Mainz and canon in the knightly monastery of St. Feratius in Bleidenstadt .
  3. ↑ Spille: Denkmaltopographie , p. 202, calls him "Philipp Jr." and dates the grave slab to: "around 1483".
  4. ↑ There are also the name variants "Fetzer" and "Vatzer".
  5. ↑ Schmitt (1933), p. 46f., Reports on three historical chasuble and two dalmatic : a) a white chasuble with six embroidered historical images arranged on a cross (Schmitt, p. XVIII), b) another white chasuble with the coat of arms of those of Eltz from 1746 (Schmitt then shows a chasuble with an alliance coat of arms Dalberg / Eltz on page XVIII and dates it to 1741) and c) a blue chasuble with the coat of arms of those of Eltz from 1747 (Schmitt, S. XIX); one dalmatica is shown in Schmitt, p. XIX, the second he gives no details.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ NN: Wegweiser , p. 3.
  2. ↑ Spille: Monument topography , p. 200.
  3. ^ Dehio, p. 1183.
  4. ↑ Spille: Denkmaltopographie , p. 200; Dehio, p. 1183.
  5. ↑ Dehio, p. 1183; Spille: The cath. Parish Church , p. 4.
  6. ↑ Spille: The cath. Parish Church , p. 4.
  7. ↑ Spille: Monument topography , p. 200.
  8. ↑ Dehio, p. 1183; Spille: The cath. Parish Church , p. 4.
  9. ↑ Seeliger-Zeiss, p. 103.
  10. ^ Dehio, p. 1184.
  11. ↑ NN: Wegweiser , p. 4.
  12. ↑ Bollinger, p. 61.
  13. ^ Dehio, p. 1183.
  14. ^ Dehio, p. 1183.
  15. ↑ Schmitt: Die Herrnsheimer , p. 28f.
  16. ↑ Eric Beres: The treasurers of Worms and their importance for the region around Wallhausen and Dalberg . In: Kurt Andermann (Hrsg.): Ritteradel in the Old Kingdom. Die Kämmerer von Worms named by Dalberg = work of the Hessian Historical Commission NF Bd. 31. Hessische Historical Commission, Darmstadt 2009. ISBN 978-3-88443-054-5 , pp. 137–154 (142).
  17. ↑ Seeliger-Zeiss, p. 113 and Schmitt: Die Herrnsheimer , p. 19; NN: Wegweiser , p. 3, gives the year 1616.
  18. ↑ Bollinger, p. 52.
  19. ↑ NN: Wegweiser , p. 3.
  20. ↑ Bollinger, p. 51.
  21. ↑ Spille: Monument topography , p. 200.
  22. ↑ NN: Wegweiser , p. 4.
  23. ↑ Spille: The cath. Parish Church , p. 3.
  24. ^ Dehio, p. 1183.
  25. ↑ NN: Wegweiser , p. 5.
  26. ↑ Spille: Denkmaltopographie , p. 200; Dehio, p. 1183.
  27. ↑ Spille: The cath. Parish Church , p. 20.
  28. ↑ Festival committee: 1200 years Herrnsheim. See: Bibliography.
  29. ↑ The best plan for the numerous extensions and conversions that St. Peter has undergone can be found at Spille: The cath. Parish church , back flap.
  30. ↑ Spille: Denkmaltopographie , p. 200; Spille: The cath. Parish Church , p. 3.
  31. ↑ Spille: The cath. Parish Church , p. 4.
  32. ↑ Spille: The cath. Parish Church , p. 4.
  33. ^ Dehio, p. 1183.
  34. ↑ Spille: The cath. Parish Church , p. 6f., 10.
  35. ↑ Spille: The cath. Parish Church , p. 10.
  36. ↑ Spille: The cath. Parish Church , p. 10.
  37. ↑ Spille: The cath. Parish Church , p. 9f.
  38. ↑ Spille: The cath. Parish Church , p. 9.
  39. ↑ Spille: The cath. Parish Church , p. 7.
  40. ↑ This and the following information according to NN: Wegweiser , p. 5.
  41. ↑ So: NN: Wegweiser , p. 5.
  42. ↑ Fritz Victor Arens : The grave slabs of Dalberg in the Herrnsheimer church . In: Der Wormsgau 2 (1939), p. 261f; Schmitt, pp. 27-37.
  43. ↑ Seeliger-Zeiss, pp. 101-104.
  44. ↑ Seeliger-Zeiss, p. 104.
  45. ↑ Seeliger-Zeiss, p. 105.
  46. ↑ Seeliger-Zeiss, p. 110.
  47. ↑ See Spille: Denkmaltopographie , p. 202, and Bollinger, p. 43.
  48. ^ Dehio, p. 1184.
  49. ↑ Seeliger-Zeiss, p. 110.
  50. ↑ Seeliger-Zeiss, pp. 114–118.
  51. ↑ So: NN: Wegweiser , p. 9.
  52. ↑ Seeliger-Zeiss, p. 118.
  53. ↑ See here .
  54. ↑ Seeliger-Zeiss, p. 116.
  55. ↑ Seeliger-Zeiss, p. 118.
  56. ↑ So: NN: Wegweiser , p. 9.
  57. ↑ Spille: Monument topography , p. 202.
  58. ↑ Spille: The cath. Parish Church , p. 20.
  59. ↑ Seeliger-Zeiss, pp. 111–113.
  60. ↑ Seeliger-Zeiss, pp. 113–115.
  61. ↑ Spille: Monument topography , p. 202.
  62. ↑ Spille: Denkmaltopographie , p. 202; Dehio, p. 1184.
  63. ↑ Dehio, p. 1184, classifies him as a “clergyman”. Since the coats of arms of the von Breitenbach and Dalberg are on the stone, it is probably a relative of the Dalbergers (NN: Wegweiser , p. 8).
  64. ↑ Spille, p. 202; Dehio, p. 1184.
  65. ↑ Spille: Denkmaltopographie , p. 202; Dehio, p. 1184.
  66. ↑ Spille: Denkmaltopographie , p. 202; Dehio, p. 1184.
  67. ^ So: Schwennicke, plate 56, and Bollinger, p. 46; Spille: Monument topography , p. 202, against: † 1593 or 1595.
  68. ^ So: Schwennicke, plate 56, and Bollinger, p. 46; Spille: Monument topography , p. 202, against: † 1593; Dehio, p. 1184: † 1583.
  69. ↑ Spille: Monument topography , p. 202.
  70. ↑ Spille: Monument topography , p. 202.
  71. ↑ Spille: Monument topography , p. 202.
  72. ↑ Spille: Denkmaltopographie , p. 202; Dehio, p. 1184.
  73. ↑ Spille: Monument topography , p. 202.
  74. ↑ Spille: The cath. Parish Church , p. 25.
  75. ↑ NN: Wegweiser , p. 5.
  76. ↑ Spille: The cath. Parish Church , p. 25.
  77. ^ Organ in Herrnsheim , accessed on February 4, 2019.
  78. ↑ Schmitt, p. 49.
  79. ↑ Schmitt, p. 49.
  80. ↑ Schmitt, p. 49.
  81. ↑ NN: Wegweiser , p. 5.
  82. ↑ Schmitt, p. 49.
  83. ↑ Dehio, p. 1184: With the Dalberg coat of arms; Schmidt, p. 46, on the other hand: Dalberg coat of arms.
  84. ↑ See here .

Coordinates: 49 ° 39 ′ 29.2 "  N , 8 ° 19 ′ 47.6"  E