Angra do Heroísmo
Angra do Heroísmo | ||||||
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Basic data | ||||||
Autonomous Region : | Azores | |||||
Concelho : | Angra do Heroísmo | |||||
Coordinates : | 38 ° 40 ′ N , 27 ° 13 ′ W | |||||
Residents: | 35,402 (as of June 30, 2011) | |||||
Surface: | 239.01 km² (as of January 1, 2010) | |||||
Population density : | 148 inhabitants per km² | |||||
Postal code : | 9701-xxx | |||||
Angra do Heroísmo County | ||||||
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Residents: | 35,402 (as of June 30, 2011) | |||||
Surface: | 239.01 km² (as of January 1, 2010) | |||||
Population density : | 148 inhabitants per km² | |||||
Number of municipalities : | 19th | |||||
administration | ||||||
Administration address: | Câmara Municipal de Angra do Heroísmo Praça Velha 9701-101 Angra do Heroísmo |
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President of the Câmara Municipal: | Andreia Cardoso ( PS ) | |||||
Website: | www.cm-ah.pt |
Angra do Heroísmo ( [ ˈɐ̃ɡɾɐ du eɾuˈiʒmu ] , German about: Bay of Heroism ) is a Portuguese city on the island of Terceira , which belongs to the Azores . The city is made up of the communities ( Freguesias ) Nossa Senhora da Conceição, Santa Luzia, São Pedro and Sé.
The epithet "do Heroísmo" was given to the city by Queen Maria II because of her persistence in the Miguelistenkrieg on the side of the traditionalists .
history
Angra do Heroísmo is the oldest city in the Azores and got its town charter through a Carta Régia in 1534. It was also occupied by Pope Paul III. raised to the bishopric of the diocese of Angra .
The construction of the cathedral ( Sé de São Salvador ) did not begin until 1570. The cathedral and the city were badly damaged in a strong earthquake in 1980. After both towers collapsed in 1982, the restored church was consecrated a second time on November 3, 1985.
On November 1, 1755, a tsunami triggered by the Lisbon earthquake in 1755 hit the city, with the water reaching the Town Hall Square ( Praça do Município ) and destroying the customs wall and the Porta do Mar gate at the port .
Angra do Heroísmo has been a university town since 1976 with two faculties of the University of the Azores based in Ponta Delgada ; the old town of Angra was declared a World Heritage Site by UNESCO in 1983 .
Angra was an important stopover for transatlantic and East Asian trade. At least a dozen ships sank in Angra Bay from about 1540 to 1650. In 1996 the wreck of a ship ( Angra A ) covered with copper plates was discovered near Porto Novo , which probably dates from around or after 1840. Of Angra B and Angra C only segments are received. The wreck Angra D of a Spanish or Portuguese ship with a displacement of approx. 400 to 500 tons from the 16th century is very similar to the wreck of the San Juan .
administration
Angra do Heroísmo County
Angra do Heroísmo is the seat of the district of the same name ( concelho ); The neighboring district is Praia da Vitória in the northeast.
The following parishes ( Freguesia ) belong to the Angra do Heroísmo County:
local community | Population (2011) |
Area km² |
Density of population / km² |
LAU code |
---|---|---|---|---|
Altars | 901 | 28.22 | 32 | 430101 |
Cinco Ribeiras | 704 | 10.80 | 65 | 430106 |
Doze Ribeiras | 513 | 10.41 | 49 | 430107 |
Feteira | 1,239 | 5.25 | 236 | 430108 |
Nossa Senhora da Conceição | 3,717 | 2.44 | 1,523 | 430102 |
Porto Judeu | 2,501 | 30.27 | 83 | 430109 |
Posto Santo | 1,048 | 20.37 | 51 | 430110 |
Raminho | 565 | 11.07 | 51 | 430111 |
Ribeirinha | 2,684 | 7.53 | 356 | 430112 |
Santa Bárbara | 1,274 | 16.40 | 78 | 430113 |
Santa Luzia | 2,755 | 1.26 | 2,187 | 430103 |
Sao Bartolomeu de Regatos | 1,983 | 25.00 | 79 | 430114 |
São Bento | 2,000 | 10.34 | 193 | 430115 |
São Mateus da Calheta | 3,757 | 5.98 | 628 | 430116 |
Sao Pedro | 3,460 | 3.66 | 946 | 430104 |
Sé | 955 | 1.65 | 579 | 430105 |
Serreta | 335 | 14.36 | 23 | 430117 |
Terra Chã | 2,915 | 10.07 | 289 | 430118 |
Vila de Sao Sebastiao | 2,096 | 23.93 | 88 | 430119 |
Angra do Heroísmo County | 35,402 | 239.01 | 148 | 4301 |
Population development
Population in Angra do Heroísmo County (1849–2011) | |||||||||
year | 1849 | 1900 | 1930 | 1960 | 1981 | 1991 | 2001 | 2004 | 2011 |
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Residents | 22,973 | 33.002 | 32,828 | 43,374 | 32,808 | 35,270 | 35,581 | 35,065 | 35,402 |
architecture
The two towers of the cathedral from the 16th century rise from the chessboard-like old town, another striking building is the light blue, baroque church Igreja da Misericórdia (1728–46). Numerous colorful chapels of the Holy Spirit have also been built in the city, one of the most famous of which is the Império do Espírito Santo Dos Quatro Cantos , built in 1810 and renovated in 1916 - on the narrow street Travessa da Moreira , which is the only street to break the chessboard system . The Império do Espírito Santo da Rua de São Pedro chapel, built in 1795, is considered the oldest chapel of the Holy Spirit on the entire island.
The construction of the fortress Castelo São João Baptista on the 205 m high Monte Brasil, southwest of the old town, began in 1592. The smaller fortress Castelo de São Sebastião southeast of the old town by the port is even older . The representative customs house at the port ( Alfândega ) was built in 1853.
The most famous secular buildings in the old town include the baroque Palácio dos Bettencourts , which was built at the end of the 17th century, and the town hall (completed in 1866) on the lively Praça Velha, the center of the city.
The modern university buildings were in the western part of the city on Rua do Cap. João de Ávila erected.
Green spaces
The most famous park in the center of Angra do Heroismo is the Jardim Público , which is also called Jardim Duque da Terceira and covers an area of 1.75 hectares. The park with several fountains, lava stone walls, arbors, a pavilion and a memorial to the Portuguese poet and politician Almeida Garrett was created in 1882 on the site of a former Jesuit monastery. It is bordered by the green area of the Alto da Memoria obelisk, built in the mid-20th century in honor of King Dom Pedro IV , at this point the island's first fortress, originally built in 1474, was located.
Municipal holiday
- June 24th
Town twinning
Angra has twinned cities too
- Tulare in California, USA, since 1966
- Salvador da Bahia , Brazil, since 1985
- Taunton (Massachusetts) , USA, since 1986
- Évora in Alentejo , Portugal, since 1988
- Florianópolis in the state of Santa Catarina , Brazil, since 1994
- Gustine in California, USA, since 2002
- São Vicente , Cape Verde, since 2003
- Gramado in the state of Rio Grande do Sul , Brazil, since 2004
- Gilroy in California, USA, since 2005
- Porto Novo , Cape Verde, since 2011
- Jining , China, since 2015
- Cartagena de Indias , Colombia, since 2015
- Funchal , Madeira , Portugal, since 2016
sons and daughters of the town
- Brianda Pereira (1550-1620), mystified anti-Spanish resistance fighter
- João Baptista Machado (1582–1617), beatified Jesuit, missionary in Japan
- Cristóvão da Silveira (1613–1673), Archbishop of Goa
- António Cordeiro (1641–1722), Jesuit historian and theorist
- Pedro Francisco (1760–1831), person of the American Revolutionary War
- Manuel Inácio Martins Pamplona Corte Real (1760–1832), military and politician
- Henrique Teixeira de Sampaio (1774–1833), politician and capitalist , important believer in the Kingdom of Portugal
- Francisco Ferreira Drummond (1796–1858), historian, musician and politician
- Francisco Maria da Cunha (1822–1909), general and colonial administrator
- António Joaquim da Fonseca (1839–1870), politician, governor of São Tomé and Príncipe
- Diogo de Barcelos Machado de Bettencourt (1847–1922), lawyer and politician
- Eduardo de Abreu (1856–1912), doctor and politician, republican activist
- José Júlio de Souza Pinto (1856–1939), painter
- Jacinto Cândido da Silva (1857–1926), lawyer and politician, Navy and Overseas Minister 1895–1897
- Manuel António Lino (1865–1927), doctor, writer and politician
- Aníbal de Bettencourt (1868–1930), physician and bacteriologist
- Faustino da Fonseca (1871–1918), politician, journalist and author, director of the Biblioteca Nacional de Portugal 1911–1918
- Alfredo de Mesquita (1871–1931), journalist and writer, Freemason
- Rui Teles Palhinha (1871–1957), botanist
- João Alberto de Azevedo Neves (1877–1955), doctor, university professor and politician, trade minister and brief foreign minister
- Augusto de Almeida Monjardino (1871–1941), surgeon, politician and professor, rector of the University of Lisbon
- José Agostinho (1888–1978), military and meteorologist, popular scientist
- João de Souza Mendes Júnior (1892–1969), doctor, several times Brazilian chess master
- Aurélio Quintanilha (1892–1987), biologist, researcher and university professor, anarchist oppositionist
- Francisco Coelho Maduro Dias (1904–1986), poet, painter, sculptor and theater director
- António Dacosta (1914–1990), painter, critic and poet
- Eduardo Teixeira Coelho (1919–2005), comic book author (pseudonym Martin Sièvre )
- Álvaro Pereira da Silva Leal Monjardino (* 1930), lawyer and politician, Minister 1978/79
- Norberto Ávila (* 1936), playwright, poet, writer and translator
- Álamo Oliveira (* 1945), poet, playwright and writer
- Carlos Reis (* 1950), eminent philologist, professor at the University of Coimbra
- Vítor Gonçalves (* 1951), film director, producer and screenwriter
- Carlos da Costa Neves (* 1954), lawyer and politician, Minister of Agriculture 2004/05
- Joel Neto (* 1974), journalist and writer, Mourinho biographer
- Luís Filipe Borges (* 1977), TV presenter
- Eliseu (born 1983), football player
Aurélio Granada Escudeiro (1920–2012) was Bishop of Angra and an honorary citizen of Angra do Heroísmo.
Web links
- http://www.azoren-online.com/terceira/tipps/sehenswuerdheiten/angradoheroismo/index.shtml
- Treasures of the world : Angra do Heroismo
- http://www.cm-ah.pt/ - Angra do Heroísmo website (only Portuguese)
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b www.ine.pt - indicator resident population by place of residence and sex; Decennial in the database of the Instituto Nacional de Estatística
- ↑ a b Overview of code assignments from Freguesias on epp.eurostat.ec.europa.eu
- ↑ http://www.auniao.com/noticias/ver.php?id=19666 ( page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ^ António Machado Pires: Roteiro Cultural dos Açores , p. 89. Governo dos Açores 2012
- ↑ http://nautarch.tamu.edu/shiplab/angra06-angraa.htm
- ↑ http://nautarch.tamu.edu/shiplab/angra09-angrad.htm
- ↑ Michael Bussmann. Azores , p. 277. Munich 2016
- ↑ http://www.monumentos.gov.pt/SITE/DATA_SYS/STUDYandDOCUMENTS/NORMAL/da746d0b-f751-4b93-acad-fd95fd88ef28/Artigo%20final.pdf
- ↑ Michael Bussmann. Azores , p. 279. Munich 2016
- ↑ Susanne Lipps: Azoren , p. 90. Munich 2016
- ^ Marion Zorn: Azoren , p. 72. Ostfildern 2000
- ↑ Editora Publiçor: Guía turístico dos Açores - Grupo Central , page 31, Ponta Delgada 2015
- ↑ Stéphan Szeremeta: Açores , p. 161. Paris 2014
- ↑ List of the twin cities of Angra do Heroísmo from the Association of Portuguese Administrative Regions (ANMP), accessed on May 13, 2020