Velmerstot
| Prussian Velmerstot Lippe Velmerstot |
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 Lippe Velmerstot with memorial stone |
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| height | 464 m above sea level NHN | |
| location | Districts of Höxter and Lippe , North Rhine-Westphalia , Germany | |
| Mountains | Egge Mountains | |
| Dominance | 25.6 km → Köterberg ( Lipper Bergland ) |
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| Notch height | 120 m ↓ west of Neuenheerses | |
| Coordinates | 51 ° 50 ′ 0 " N , 8 ° 57 ′ 15" E | |
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| particularities | - highest mountain in the Eggegebirge - Eggeturm ( AT ) |
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The (or also: the) Velmerstot is the northernmost and highest mountain in the Egge Mountains in North Rhine-Westphalia . It has the two peaks Prussian Velmerstot (south peak ; approx. 464 m above sea level ), the summit of which rises in the area of Steinheim-Sandebeck in the Höxter district , and the Lippische Velmerstot ( ⊙ ; north peak ; 441.4 m ), which in the Area of Horn-Bad Meinberg is in the Lippe district . The entire mountain belongs to the Teutoburg Forest / Eggegebirge nature park . The Eggeturm (observation tower) stands on the Prussian Velmerstot ; On the Lippe Velmerstot with heathland there are jagged sandstone rocks.
Surname
The name Velmerstot arose from the name of the nearby place Veldrom ; Feldrom means fields to Drohme, and the term Stot stands for steep slope. According to another interpretation, the syllable "stot" is derived from "mare", which indicates that in earlier times the Lippe Count grazed his horses here. It is controversial whether it is called “the” or “the” Velmerstot. Both have become naturalized.
geography
location
The Velmerstot is located in the north of the Eggegebirge west of the center of the Teutoburg Forest / Eggegebirge Nature Park. It consists of the Lippe Velmerstot (north summit ; 441.4 m ) and the Prussian Velmerstot (south summit ; 464 m ), the peaks of which are about 650 m apart and connected by a narrow mountain ridge . Coming from the south and past the summit of the Prussian Velmerstot (south crest) runs over this ridge, the border between the district of Lippe and the district of Höxter runs; About in the middle between Prussian and Lippischer Velmerstot the district border then turns to the east. This border used to separate the Principality of Lippe and the Principality of Paderborn , which had belonged to Prussia since 1803 . The Velmerstot rises south of Horn-Bad Meinberg , southwest of Leopoldstal , northwest of Sandebeck , north-northwest of Grevenhagen and northeast of Veldrom .
The nearby Silberbach valley, which runs northwest from Veldrom in the direction of Leopoldstal, geomorphologically forms the boundary of the Egge Mountains , which extend south from there, and the Teutoburg Forest, which faces northwest from there; Naturally assigned, however, the Egge area extends a little further to the northwest over the Bachtal.
Natural allocation
The Velmerstot belongs to the natural spatial main unit group Upper Weserbergland (No. 36), in the main unit Egge area (363) and in the sub-unit Egge (363.1) to the natural area Horner Egge (363.10). Its landscape falls to the north and east into the natural area of Sandebecker Hügelland (363.21) belonging to the subunit Eastern Egge-Vorland (363.2) , to the south-west into the natural area of Altenbekener Kalkbergland (363.01), and to the north-west it leads to the natural area of Kohlstädter Kalkbergland (363.00) , both of which belong to the sub-unit Western Egge-Foreland (363.0).
geology
From a geological point of view, the mountain is part of the eastern edge of the Münsterland chalk basin . The layers of the Lower Cretaceous, which are not only visible in local quarries, mainly consist of sandstones such as Neokom and Gault . They are underlain by clay minerals and marls .
From the 19th century to the Second World War , miners broke the sandstones on the “Silberort” cliffs below the Velmerstot into blocks . They were used to build the Cologne Cathedral , the Berlin Reichstag building , the bridge piers of the Reichsautobahn and for repair work on the Lambertikirche in Münster .
Prussian Velmerstot
The southern Prussian Velmerstot is the highest mountain in the Egge Mountains . It is located in Steinheim-Sandebeck and has a height of about 464 m ; According to other sources and the inscription on the summit marker, it is 468 m high .
NATO station
Since 1964, Dutch NATO troops have been using the Prussian Velmerstot as a military base. They declared the 11 hectare site to be a security zone and built air defense positions . During the Cold War there was a NATO-operated radar station and a HAWK missile site on the mountain . From April 1, 1990, the Dutch also stationed Patriot missiles on the mountain . When the NATO troops withdrew on July 1, 1994, wide asphalt roads, ammunition bunkers, soldiers' quarters and a radio tower were left behind.
The federal government and the state of North Rhine-Westphalia agreed to renature the site. The Paderborn Forestry Office had the military facilities torn down in 2002 and 2003. Since August 2003, access to the summit for hikers is no longer restricted to the Eggeweg .
Harrow tower
The Paderborn Forestry Office built the Eggeturm in 2003, which was restored in 2010. The wooden structure of the observation tower is 17 m high, the observation platform is 9.15 m high.
From the tower the view wanders west over the Bauernkamp and the Eggeberg into the Senne . To the northwest you can see the Teutoburg Forest with the Hermannsdenkmal and to the north the Lipper Bergland with the Lemgoer Mark . To the northeast you can see over the Hohe Asch , some mountains near Bad Pyrmont , the Winterberg and the Heinberge near Blomberg , the valley basin near Schieder and over the Schwalenberg Forest , in which Schwalenberg Castle can be seen on a mountain spur , to the Weser Uplands . To the east the view falls past the Köterberg (bare mountain top with television tower) to Solling . To the southeast one looks over the cone of the Desenberg and further volcanic hills to the Habichtswald , and in the south the Sauerland can be seen.
Lippe Velmerstot
The northern Lippe Velmerstot is at 441.4 m after the Prussian Velmerstot (approx. 464 m ) and the Feldromer Berg (approx. 448 m ) as well as together with the equally high Hausheide ( 441.4 m ) the third highest peak of the Eggegebirge and after the Köterberg ( 495.8 m ), the Feldromer Berg and the Barnacken ( 446.4 m ) the fourth highest elevation in the Lippe district.
Numerous sandstone blocks are exposed on its summit region. From there you can see not only the Hermannsdenkmal in the north-west, the Köterberg in the east and the Warburger Land with the 343.6 m high Desenberg in the south-east. If the visibility is good, the Habichtswald telecommunications tower on the 597.5 m high Essigberg near Kassel can also be seen with the naked eye. At around 65 km, this is one of the most distant mountains visible from Velmerstot. Silberbach and Silbermühle are in the valley .
On the summit there is a 1.6 m high sandstone obelisk which, in addition to the year “1916” , also bears the inscription “Please come to me, but take care of me, because everything here happened for you” . In addition, the obelisk forms a trigonometric point . During the Second World War, the Wehrmacht maintained a flight control station here.
The Naturfreundehaus Schnat stands on the west flank above the Silberbach .
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Protected areas
overview
On the Lippe Velmerstot are parts of the nature reserve (NSG) Eggeosthang with Lippischer Velmerstot ( CDDA no. 162852; designated 1995; 1.43 km² in size). On the Prussian Velmerstot there are those of the NSG Egge-Nord ( HX ) (CDDA no. 378178; 2003; 4.66 km²) in the east and the NSG Egge-Nord ( LIP ) (CDDA no. 378179; 2006; 2 , 88 km²) in the west. The first-mentioned NSG is designated as the Fauna-Flora-Habitat- Area Eggeosthang with Lippischer Velmerstot (FFH no. 4119-302; 1.43 km²), and the last two mentioned belong to the FFH area Egge (FFH no. 4219 -301; 31.29 km²). Except for the western highlands of the Lippische Velmerstot to Attract the protected landscape Paderborn Plateau and Hellwegbörden harrow area and Lipper mountainous terrain with Bielefeld Osning, (.; 81.83 square kilometers CDDA No. 555549741), which partially also on the lower portions of Prussian Velmerstot lying or bumping into them.
Nature reserve Eggeosthang with Lippischer Velmerstot
The nature reserve Eggeosthang with Lippischer Velmerstot lies on the Lippe Velmerstot and the adjacent Eggeosthang . It covers part of the forest landscape of the Egge Mountains and the Silberbachtal.
The dry heathland areas on the ridge and the silicate rocks that are broken by vegetation are considered worthy of protection. Special animals are hazel grouse , eagle owl , black woodpecker , gray woodpecker and black stork . Furthermore, alder , ash and beech trees should be protected.
On the summit region of the Lippe Velmerstot , high heather grows , which is interspersed with trees. The slope is interspersed with block stone fields and covered with beech forests. There are seepage springs that run down into the valley in gullies and valley valleys and are lined with alders and ash trees. The beech forest is as typical for the mountain range as spring streams, rocks and rock heaps . The mountain heather area is a relic of earlier large, tree-free high heaths on the Egge.
The Detmold district government has reported the nature reserve to the European Commission as an FFH area Eggeosthang with Lippischer Velmerstot , which is setting up the European ecological network Natura 2000 .
Weather station
From 1988 to 1998 there was a deposition measuring station near Velmerstot , at which the pollutant content of the air was measured. The fifteen meter high steel structure was located at 420 m on a west-facing slope of the Egge in the windward direction towards the Westphalian Bay .
Attractions
Not far from the Velmerstot are these sights and geographical destinations:
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Movie
The fictional encounter between the poets Heinrich von Kleist and Christian Dietrich Grabbe on the Velmerstot occurs in the film “The Hermannsschlacht ” .
References and comments
- ↑ a b c d e f Topographical Information Management, Cologne District Government, Department GEObasis NRW ( information )
- ↑ Prussian Velmerstot (south summit; 464 m ) and Lippische Velmerstot (north summit; 441.4 m )
- ↑ dominance and prominence according to TK 25; Scharte is about 348 m above sea level
- ↑ Information on the Velmerstot of the Teutoburg Forest / Eggegebirge Nature Park Association in Detmold. (No longer available online.) Archived from the original on April 23, 2014 ; Retrieved April 21, 2014 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Map services of the Federal Agency for Nature Conservation ( information )
literature
- Hans-Martin Wienke: Silbermühle, Velmerstot and the caves of the Teutoburg Forest . Schnelle, Detmold, undated (1982?)
