North (Hanover)

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map
Hanover, northern district highlighted
Basic data
Borough North (13)
surface 10.84 km²
Residents 30,996 (2014)
Population density 2,777 inhabitants / km²
Postcodes 30167, 30165, 30179
Districts
  • North city
  • Grove
  • Vinnhorst
  • Brink harbor
Web presence hannover.de
politics
District Mayor Edeltraut-Inge Geschke (SPD)
City District Council
(21 seats)
SPD : 7, Greens : 5, CDU : 4, Left : 1, Pirates : 1, FDP : 1

North is the 13th district in Hanover . It has 30,996 inhabitants and consists of the districts of Nordstadt (17,040 inhabitants), Hainholz (6,974 inhabitants) and Vinnhorst / Brink-Hafen (6,982 inhabitants) (as of 2014).

North city

The north of the city extends over an area of ​​around 2.5 km² between the Hanover – Minden railway line in the north and east, the Berggarten , the Great Garden in the west, the Leine , the Steintormasch in the south-west and the city ring that runs over Schloßwender and Arndtstrasse in the south East. There is also an S-Bahn station on the aforementioned train connection .

The Engelbosteler dam separates the main shopping street, the northern city into a rebuilt after 1946 the eastern part and a redeveloped after 1985 core area. This is followed in the west by a quiet residential area separated by a belt of university, cemetery and hospital areas. In the southwest, the Welfengarten and the Georgengarten as well as the adjoining allotments and sports facilities offer areas for local recreation.

With the Klinikum Nordstadt a hospital of the Klinikum Region Hannover is located in the district. The new fire and rescue station 1 of the Hanover fire brigade has been in service on the railway line in the east since 2014 .

history

→ For the main article, see History of the North City of Hanover

The high-rise building on Appelstrasse belonging to the university was completed in 1972.

In the area of ​​today's northern part of the city, the street names " Am Puttenser Felde " and Schöneworth are reminiscent of medieval desertification . The northern part of the city developed from the “ Steintor Garden Community ”, a rural administrative unit that once belonged to the Langenhagen district and which became part of the Hanover district in 1793. The nucleus of today's district can still be seen around the Old Jewish Cemetery , which was laid out around 1650 , where Hanover's oldest industrial company was founded in 1742 with the “royally privileged oilcloth factory in front of the stone gate”. Hanover's last preserved garden house is here , a classicist half-timbered building from 1820 and at the same time the oldest house in the northern part of the city.

After the population between the village of Hainholz and the former city limits of Hanover in what is now the northern part of the city had risen to over 7,000, the royal ministry approved the establishment of a new Evangelical Lutheran congregation. From August 28, 1859, the Nikolaikapelle on Klagesmarkt served as a temporary place of worship . After long discussions and the insight that the community could hardly raise funds for a church building, the "Ochsenpump", which had meanwhile silted up, was poured in at the northern end of the Klagesmarkt and built with the money and under the patronage of King George V in 1859-64 Christ Church , which was built as a residential church almost at the same time as the Welfenschloss .

After the battle of Langensalza in 1866 and the annexation of the Kingdom of Hanover by Prussia , the military became a decisive economic factor in the northern part of the city. Instead of the planned palaces around Königsworther Platz , Georgengarten and Welfenschloss for the court of the Georg V family, who had fled to the Viennese court, additional military facilities and factories were to be built.

Until the outbreak of the First World War , the northern city experienced a rapid increase in population, which made a very dense, closed block development necessary.

The First World War brought a great step backwards. Many of the small haulage companies located here had to close due to a lack of orders. The loss of inexpensive imports from the German colonies and the galloping inflation put a strain on the consumer goods industry located here, such as the Sprengel chocolate factory .

The air raids on Hanover in World War II mainly destroyed the area east of Engelbosteler Damm , due to its close proximity to Hanover's main freight station and the adjacent Continental AG . Above all, the bombs were intended to hit rubber production, which is important for the war effort, and rail transport.

The reconstruction in the 1950s initially showed great economic successes, which were accompanied by a renewed increase in population. From 1972 a gradual economic decline began, which led to numerous company closings and job losses. Only the university was able to expand its dominant influence on the district. In the same year, for example, they moved into the high-rise building on Appelstrasse, which has a significant impact on urban development and houses the institutes of civil engineering and electrical engineering. In 1972 the independent youth center Kornstrasse was founded in the district as an autonomous youth center , which, along with the UJZ Glocksee, is considered the oldest of its kind in Germany.

In the course of the conversion of the former main freight station, commercial buildings are being built on the large wasteland between the railway line and the newly created Gertrud-Knebusch-Straße. The converted halls now house food wholesalers and sports facilities. Especially in the northern area between Weidendamm and Engelbosteler Damm, small and medium-sized companies have held up. There are also several mosques of various religious groups here.

In order to counteract the decay of the old building fabric and to make the district more attractive again, especially for young families, an extensive district renovation program was started in 1985 . In the course of these measures, there were also spectacular property sales and violent clashes with squatters from the autonomous scene, who fought for several centers in the north of the city. The 1995 Chaostage in particular was an important location for clashes between punks and police in the north of the city .

Historical buildings and monuments

The garden house at Am Judenkirchhof 11c is the last evidence of the originally rural settlement outside of the city ​​fortifications of Hanover . The building, which is now a listed building, was erected around 1820 as a simple, classicist half-timbered building with a high mid-height building over three central axes. The formerly also symmetrical garden is bordered on the street side by a wall of roughly the same age with a high forged iron fence. The building is the oldest surviving residential building in the Nordstadt district. It was owned by the State of Lower Saxony and owned by the Leibniz University of Hanover . Until the beginning of 2010, the Iranian Library in Hanover was located in the building . At the end of 2010 the property was sold to a private person.

On the side of the garden house, an unpaved footpath leads over a large plot of land that has been fallow for decades. Above this, between the Brüggemannhof and the villas on Wilhelm-Busch-Straße, the back of the former JC König & Ebhardt accounting book factory can be reached. There is the back entrance of the Regional Computing Center for Lower Saxony of the Leibniz University Hannover, where supercomputers work in the North German network.

Directly opposite the garden house is the Old Jewish Cemetery , one of the oldest Jewish burial grounds in Northern Germany, on a tree-lined sand dune .

The Welfenschloss was planned and built in 1857–1866 by Christian Heinrich Tramm and his successor Eduard Heldberg as the new residence of King George V of Hanover. The annexation of the Kingdom of Hanover by Prussia led to the complete suspension of all construction work in 1866. After a renovation planned by Hermann Hunaeus , the building could be used as the headquarters of the Technical University from 1879, the forerunner of today's Leibniz University in Hanover.

In front of the south facade of the castle is the Niedersachsenross , built by Albert Wolff around 1876 , which served as the template for the Lower Saxony state coat of arms introduced in 1946 .

From the Marstall building built by Eduard Heldberg between 1863 and 1866 , only one of the former four side wings has been preserved, which is now used as part of the university library built between 1963 and 1965.

The Christ Church was planned and built by Conrad Wilhelm Hase from 1859 to 1864 as the residential church of King George V. As the first new church in Hanover in the 19th century, it is an example of the Hanover architecture school and European cultural monument founded by Hase .

The New Jewish Cemetery , opened in 1864, is located on the Strangriede , and with the preaching hall is the only preserved sacred building designed by the architect Edwin Opplers . Oppler's most important sacred building, the new synagogue on Burgstrasse in Calenberger Neustadt , was badly damaged by arson during the Night of the Pogroms in 1938 and demolished before the end of the war.

Also on the Strangriede is the new St. Nikolai cemetery , where some well-known Hanoverian entrepreneurs were buried.

To the north of this is the Nordstadtkrankenhaus , built between 1891 and 1895 , which, with its pavilion system, introduced a type of hospital that was highly advanced for the time and is now one of the largest hospitals in the Hanover region.

The Catholic St. Marien Church was built between 1885 and 1890 (architect Christoph Hehl ). The nave was rebuilt in more modern forms after it was destroyed in the war in 1953/1954.

The northern part of the city is served by the S-Bahn lines 1, 2, 4 and 5 and the tram lines 4, 5, 6 and 11.

A consistent concept to calm motorized traffic has been implemented in the central area of ​​Nordstadt. With the pocket concept , through traffic is largely avoided, in that vehicles have to leave the residential area again, for example, where they also entered. The passage is prevented by closures.

Grove

The ev.-luth. St. Marien Church in the Hainholz district
Hainholz stele by the artist Siegfried Neuenhausen
Hainholz cultural center

The district of Hainholz lies north of the Hanover – Minden railway line , in the west it is bordered by Burgweg and Vinnhorster Weg, in the north by Schulenburger Landstrasse and Erlenweg, in the east by Rübenkamp and northern Fenskestrasse.

Excavation finds indicate an early settlement of the Hainholz area. The name Heynholtz is interpreted as an indication that in pre-Christian times there was a holy place for the worship of pagan gods. In the course of Christianization , a chapel with a stone image of the Virgin was built at this point , which was first mentioned in a document from Otto II of Braunschweig-Lüneburg in 1394 . While the image of the Virgin was lost, the remains of the church choir from the same time have been preserved. The village of Heynholtz was first mentioned in a document in 1425.

During the time of the Thirty Years' War , David Meyer , at that time pastor at the Marktkirche in Hanover, had a memorial plaque made for 21 citizens who died near Hainholz . The tablet can be found today in the Bödeker Hall of the Marktkirche.

In 1891 Hainholz was incorporated into Hanover. Between 1933 and 1940, the Hanover-Hainholz transmitter was located in the district , with a transmitter mast still standing.

In 1864 today's VSM Vereinigte Schmirgel- und Maschinen-Fabriken was founded in Hainholz. The most important industrial company in the district produces abrasives . The Hannoversche Glashütte existed from 1871 to 1929 . In the north of the district, the Hanover prison was built between 1959 and 1963 . The largest correctional facility in Lower Saxony has around 1,000 prison places. The Hainholz natural swimming pool is located in the district park. The Fichteschule elementary school is located nearby. A well-known club is the two-time German rugby champions VfV Hannover-Hainholz . The artist Siegfried Neuenhausen has had his studio in the former Hainhölzer Kornfabrik since 1983. With the Hainholzstele he created a visible artistic accent in the district. Hainholz is served by the tram line 6 and the bus line 121 .

According to a representative survey by the city of Hanover in 2008, the Hainhölzer population is the most dissatisfied with their district when compared to Hanover.

At the Hainhölzer Markt there is a district center with the Kulturhaus Hainholz , which serves both as a local supply and as a meeting point.

Vinnhorst

Vinnhorst coat of arms
Administration building of the Benecke-Kaliko
Construction details on the facade of the
clinker building erected by Hans Poelzig

Vinnhorst is bounded in the north by the A2 , in the southwest by the Schulenburger Landstrasse, in the east by the tracks of the port railway and the Mittelland Canal and in the south by the Erlenweg. The residential area, in southern Vinnhorst Friedenau canal between peace Straße, Schulenburger street Erlenweg belonged until 1974 City Langenhagen district Brink.

Vinnhorst owes its existence to two farms from the early Middle Ages, which were first mentioned in the 12th century as "Hoff to der Vynhorst" and "Hoff der Dörlinge". For centuries, Vinnhorst was a small rural community until around 1900 the company JH Benecke moved its business here. On the Beneckeallee near the canal bridge there is a brick building built between 1921 and 1922 by the Expressionist architect Hans Poelzig . The storage shed near the brick house, mentioned in many Poelzig publications, was demolished in June 1997. At the beginning of the 20th century, the first outlying settlement was built to the west of the town with the construction of the Mecklenheide Kurhaus. In 1903 the municipality of Vinnhorst became an independent community with its own administration. Lively construction activity began around 1922 with the establishment of the Vinnhorster Bauverein, which led to the creation of the Friedenau district. Vinnhorst was incorporated into the city of Hanover on March 1, 1974 as part of the Lower Saxony regional reform. On September 27, 1997, the district celebrated its 600th anniversary.

Vinnhorst is served by the S-Bahn lines 4 and 5 and the city ​​railway line 6 . There are sports facilities at TuS Vinnhorst, the Vinnhorster tennis club, the TTC Vinnhorst and the Vinnhorst shooting club, founded in 1907. In addition, the Vinnhorst volunteer fire brigade , founded in 1902 , which in 1974 became part of the Hanover fire brigade when it was incorporated into the city of Hanover , provides fire protection and general assistance. The Evangelical Lutheran St. Andrew's Church, the Catholic St. Hedwig Church and a mosque are located in Vinnhorst. Since March 2014 there has been a 5-part sculpture path on the Mittelland Canal between the Friedenauer Straße and Beneckeallee bridges with wood carving in tree stumps, created by Martin Bode.

Brink harbor

Water tower Hanover in Brink harbor
Memorial of the Hanover-Langenhagen satellite camp in the area of ​​the Brinker port

After the similarly structured district of Nordhafen, Brink-Hafen is the second smallest district in terms of population in Hanover. It is named after the port of Brink on the Mittelland Canal . At the time, the port facility belonged to the independent municipality of Brink, which in 1938 (including Langenforth) together with Langenhagen formed the municipality of Langenhagen . To the north of the canal, the existing Wiesenau industrial area of ​​the municipality of Brink continued to develop on a large scale. Until 1974, the Brinker Hafen including the industrial area, the Mittelland Canal over a distance of 700 m and the Friedenau district were in the municipality of the city of Langenhagen.

In addition to the port area, the district also consists almost exclusively of industrial and commercial areas. In the east it is bounded by Vahrenwalder Strasse , in the north by the A2 and Heinrich-Heine-Strasse in the Langenhagen district of Wiesenau, in the south by the Mittelland Canal and in the west by the port railway.

Have a head office or larger branch in this district z. B. the companies: SEH Engineering , Keymile , Kone , Nexans , Ricoh .

From October 2, 1944 to January 6, 1945, the Hanover-Langenhagen subcamp existed on what is now the Brinker Hafen industrial estate on Hackethalstrasse not far from Am Brinker Hafen, an area that was then part of Langenhagen . It was a satellite camp of Neuengamme concentration camp for around 500 women.

District Council

In the local elections on September 11, 2011 , the SPD was again the strongest party in the district with 36.5% of the vote. The Greens became the second strongest party for the first time with 27.9%. The District Council North meets about eight times a year in public, mostly in the cafeteria of Stadtentwässerung Hannover in Sorststraße.

In the local elections on September 12, 2016 , the SPD received 31.5% of the vote, followed by the Greens with 21.1%. This is followed by the CDU with 20.4%, the party Die Linke with 11.4% and the PARTY with 7.1%.

See also

literature

Web links

Commons : Nord  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. Wolfgang Pietsch: Every decade a new architecture: the examples high-rise Appelstraße 9A, main cafeteria and chemistry extension. In: Sid Auffarth, Wolfgang Pietsch: Die Universität Hannover. Your buildings. Your gardens. Your planning history. Michael Imhof Verlag, Petersberg, 2003. p. 203.
  2. Dirk Böttcher : MEYER, (2) David (also Meier). In: Dirk Böttcher, Klaus Mlynek, Waldemar R. Röhrbein, Hugo Thielen : Hannoversches Biographisches Lexikon . From the beginning to the present. Schlütersche, Hannover 2002, ISBN 3-87706-706-9 , p. 252.
  3. Publisher: Landeshauptstadt Hannover The Lord Mayor Building Department: Representative Survey 2008 / Special evaluation: Results in differentiation according to sociodemography and city districts Schriften zur Stadtentwicklung 106, Hannover 2009 ( Memento of the original from April 12, 2010 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and still Not checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.hannover.de
  4. Thorsten Fuchs: Hainholz - A feeling of dissatisfaction , Hannoversche Allgemeine Zeitung of March 6, 2010, accessed on March 8, 2010
  5. ^ Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality directory for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer GmbH, Stuttgart and Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 189 .
  6. An overview of the results of the city district councils , Hannoversche Allgemeine Zeitung of September 12, 2011, accessed on November 29, 2011
  7. Election report on the 2016 municipal elections in the Hanover region , City of Hanover, accessed on January 21, 2017

Coordinates: 52 ° 25 '  N , 9 ° 43'  E