Elected to the United States Senate in 1806 and 1807

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Allocation of seats in the Senate
  
A total of 34 seats
  • Federalist Party : 6
  • Democratic Republican Party : 28

The elections to the United States Senate in 1806 and 1807 to the 10th United States Congress took place at different times. It was the mid-term election (Engl. Midterm election ) in the center of Thomas Jefferson's second term. Prior to the adoption of the 17th Amendment , the senators were not elected directly, but were appointed by the state parliaments.

A by-election was held in Georgia and Maryland before the election to the 10th Congress . In Kentucky , incumbent John Adair was not re-elected and resigned and a replacement had to be elected for the remainder of the term. The three resigned Senators were, like their successors, Republicans, so that the majority in the Senate did not change.

Up for election to the 10th Congress were the 11 seats of Class III senators , who were elected in 1800 and 1801 for a six-year term. Of these, two belonged to the Federalist Party and nine to the Democratic-Republican Party (then Republican ). One of the federalists and five Republicans were re-elected, the second federalist was replaced by a Republican, and the other four seats were held by the Republicans. The Republican majority thus rose further to 28 to 6. Four by-elections shortly before and shortly after the beginning of the first session of the 10th Congress on October 26, 1807 resulted in no change in the strength of the parties.

Results

Elections during the 9th Congress

The winners of these elections were admitted to the Senate before March 4, 1806, during the 9th Congress .

Country Acting Senator Political party By-election date Result New senator
Georgia James Jackson republican Class III June 19, 1806 held by Republicans John Milledge
Kentucky John Adair republican Class III November 19, 1806 held by Republicans Henry Clay
Maryland Robert Wright republican Class III November 1806 held by Republicans Philip Reed

Elections to the 10th Congress

The winners of these elections were accepted into the Senate on March 4, 1807, when the 10th Congress met . All seats of these senators belong to class III .

Country Acting Senator Political party date Result New senator
Connecticut Uriah Tracy federalist 1807 re-elected Uriah Tracy
Georgia John Milledge republican 1806 re-elected John Milledge
Kentucky John Adair republican November 13, 1806 held by Republicans John Pope
Maryland Philip Reed republican 1806 re-elected Philip Reed
New Hampshire William Plumer federalist 1806 or 1807 Gain Republicans Nahum Parker
new York John Smith republican 0February 3, 1807 re-elected John Smith
North Carolina David Stone republican 1806 held by Republicans Jesse Franklin
Ohio Thomas Worthington republican 0January 1, 1807 held by Republicans Edward Tiffin
Pennsylvania George Logan republican 1806 held by Republicans Andrew Gregg
South carolina John Gaillard republican 0December 9, 1806 re-elected John Gaillard
Vermont Stephen R. Bradley republican 1806 re-elected Stephen R. Bradley
  • Republicans called members of the mostly as today Democratic-Republican Party or Jeffersonian Republicans party designated
  • re-elected: an elected incumbent was re-elected

Elections during the 10th Congress

The winners of these elections were accepted into the Senate after March 4, 1807, during the 10th Congress . Its first session began on October 26, only the Georgia by-election took place later.

Country Acting Senator Political party By-election date Result New senator
Connecticut Uriah Tracy federalist Class III October 25, 1807 held by federalists Chauncey Goodrich
Georgia George Jones , appointed republican Class II 0November 7, 1807 held by Republicans William Harris Crawford
Rhode Island James Fenner republican Class II October 1807 held by Republicans Elisha Mathewson
Vermont Israel Smith republican Class I. October 10, 1807 held by Republicans Jonathan Robinson
  • Republicans called members of the mostly as today Democratic-Republican Party or Jeffersonian Republicans party designated
  • Appointed: Senator was appointed by the governor to replace a retired Senator, by-election required

Individual states

In all states, senators were elected by parliaments, as provided by the United States Constitution, prior to the passage of the 17th Amendment . The electoral process was determined by the states themselves and therefore differed from state to state. In some cases, the sources only reveal who was elected, but not how.

There were no parties in the modern sense, but most of the politicians in the young United States can be classified in the First Party system of the Federalist Party or the Republican Party , which, to distinguish them from the Grand Old Party founded in 1854, are usually called the Democratic Republican Party or Jeffersonian Republicans is called.

Connecticut

Federalist Uriah Tracy , Senator for Connecticut since 1796 , was re-elected in 1807. Tracy died on July 19, 1807, so a replacement had to be elected in October. In the first ballot, the federalist Samuel W. Dana was elected, but he turned down the election. Dana received 96 votes, Republican Asa Spalding 50, federalist David Humphrey 8. After Dana rejected the election, Chauncey Goodrich was elected in a new election in the second round .

Georgia

The Republican James Jackson , Senator for Georgia from 1793 to 1795 and since 1801 , died on March 19, 1806. On June 19, the Republican John Milledge was elected to succeed him. He received 41 votes, 24 votes to Barnot and 13 to Telfair. The source only lists both by surname, Telfair could be Edward Telfair , his son Thomas Telfair or a relative. However, Thomas Telfair would not have reached the age limit of 30 years. John Milledge was re-elected for the subsequent term later that year.

Republican Abraham Baldwin , Class II Senator since 1799 , died on March 4, 1807. In August, George Jones was named to succeed him. In the November 7 election, this was defeated by William Harris Crawford . Crawford received 59 votes in the joint session of the two Houses of Parliament, Jones received 27 votes. Both were also members of the Republican Party.

Kentucky

The Republican John Adair , Senator for Kentucky since 1805 , was involved in the so-called "Burr Conspiracy" , which probably cost him re-election. In the election on November 13, 1806, he received only 37 votes, his opponent John Pope was elected with 45 votes in the fourth ballot. In the first three ballots, Samuel Hopkins had 15 and 14 votes, respectively , like Adair and Pope Republicans.

John Adair resigned immediately after his defeat, so a replacement was needed for the remaining three months. On November 19, 1806, Parliament elected Republican Henry Clay , who at 29 was actually too young to be a senator. Clay later ran three unsuccessfully for the presidency. Clay received 58 votes, George M. Bibb received 10, one vote went to John Pope.

Maryland

Republican Robert Wright , Senator for Maryland since 1801 , resigned November 12, 1806 after being elected governor of the state. Philip Reed , also a Republican, was elected to succeed him in November . Reed received 47 votes, while his federalist rival William Hayward received 33 votes. Later that year, Philip Reed was re-elected for a full six-year term.

New Hampshire

Federalist William Plumer , Senator for New Hampshire since 1802 , declined to run for re-election. The Republican Nahum Parker was elected to succeed him.

new York

Republican John Smith , Senator for New York since 1804 , was re-elected on February 3, 1807. He received 82 votes in the Assembly and 30 votes in the Senate , the federal candidate John Jay , one of the Founding Fathers of the United States and first Chief Justice of the United States , received 14 votes in the Assembly.

North Carolina

Republican David Stone , Senator for North Carolina since 1801 , received a few votes only in the first ballot and resigned on February 17, 1807 just before the end of the legislature. The Republican Jesse Franklin was elected to succeed him. From the first ballot onwards, he received the most votes, but initially not an absolute majority, as the votes were distributed among up to seven candidates. Other candidates were Thomas Blount , who was able to improve his result from 41 votes in the first to 56 votes in the seventh ballot, Benjamin Smith , later governor of the state, who had his best result with 55 votes in the third ballot, and Thomas Davis, John M Binford, Little, Capoe and Cass. In the decisive seventh ballot, Jesse Franklin got 102 votes, Thomas Blount got 56, two other candidates got ten, one vote was an abstention.

Ohio

Republican Thomas Worthington , Senator for Ohio since 1803 , did not run for re-election. Edward Tiffin , the first governor of the state, was elected to succeed him . In the January 1st election he received 25 votes, Return J. Meigs received two votes , like Tiffin Republicans, federalist Philemon Beecher received twelve votes, and John Bigger , a state senator , received two votes . Tom Kinkey and Tom Tuff each received one vote, both of which are believed to be fictional people, so the votes were actually abstentions.

Pennsylvania

Republican George Logan , Senator for Pennsylvania since 1801 , declined to run for re-election. On December 9, 1806, the parliament could not agree on a successor in three ballots. Constitutionalist Andrew Gregg and Democrat John Steele , former State Senator , each received 54 votes. Both the Constitutionalists and the Democrats were factions of the Republicans, with the former collaborating with the Federalists. As such, the Democrats had a slim majority in Parliament, but two Democrats, his brother-in-law and his neighbor, voted for Gregg for personal reasons. However, two members of the Constitutionalists were missing. When Parliament convened a week later, Gregg's brother-in-law and neighbor had been persuaded to approve an adjournment until January, which was then passed by 56 votes to 54. For the fourth ballot on January 13, 1807, the Democrats nominated in the hope of getting some votes from the Constitutionalists, the House of Representatives from Pennsylvania Nathaniel Boileau (1763-1850). Boileau received 40 votes, Steele 14, including Boileau's. The winner, with 55 votes, was Andrew Gregg, who benefited from the fact that two MPs were absent due to illness.

Rhode Island

Republican James Fenner , Class II Senator for Rhode Island since 1805 , resigned in September 1807 to take office as governor of the state. In October 1807, Republican Elisha Mathewson was elected to succeed him. He received 57 votes, Republican and future ambassador Jonathan Russell received 18 votes, and Federalist James Burrill two.

South carolina

Republican John Gaillard , Senator for South Carolina since 1804 , was re-elected on December 9, 1806. In the second ballot he received 75 votes, 64 votes went to Samuel Farrow .

Vermont

Republican Stephen R. Bradley , one of the first two Senators for Vermont from 1791 to 1795 and again since 1801 , was re-elected in October 1806. Of 180 MPs, 120 voted for him, only 25 against him. Republican Israel Smith , Class I Senator since 1803 , resigned October 1, 1807 after being elected governor. Jonathan Robinson was elected to succeed him for the remainder of the term .

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ TRACY, Uriah, (1755 - 1807) , Biographical Directory of the United States Congress accessed December 22, 2019
  2. ^ DANA, Samuel Whittlesey, (1760-1830) , Biographical Directory of the United States Congress, accessed December 22, 2019
  3. ^ A New Nation Votes, Connecticut 1807 U.S. Senate, Special (Election Dana), January 11, 2012, accessed December 22, 2019
  4. ^ A New Nation Votes, Connecticut 1807 U.S. Senate (Goodrich election), January 11, 2012, accessed December 22, 2019
  5. ↑ GOODRICH, Chauncey, (1759--1815) , Biographical Directory of the United States Congress, accessed December 22, 2019
  6. ↑ JACKSON, James, (1757-1806) , Biographical Directory of the United States Congress, accessed December 22, 2019
  7. ^ A New Nation Votes, Georgia 1806 U.S. Senate, Special , January 11, 2012, accessed December 23, 2019
  8. ↑ Milledge, John, (1757 - 1818) , Biographical Directory of the United States Congress retrieved December 22, 2019
  9. ↑ BALDWIN, Abraham (1754 - 1807) , Biographical Directory of the United States Congress retrieved December 22, 2019
  10. ↑ JONES, George, (1766-1838) , Biographical Directory of the United States Congress, accessed December 22, 2019
  11. ↑ CRAWFORD, William Harris, (1772 - 1834) , Biographical Directory of the United States Congress retrieved 22 December 2019
  12. ^ A New Nation Votes, Georgia 1807 U.S. Senate, Special , January 11, 2012, accessed December 23, 2019
  13. ↑ ADAIR, John, (1757 - 1840) , Biographical Directory of the United States Congress retrieved December 22, 2019
  14. ^ A New Nation Votes, Kentucky 1806 U.S. Senate, Ballot 4 , January 11, 2012, accessed December 23, 2019
  15. ^ A New Nation Votes, Kentucky 1806 U.S. Senate , January 11, 2012, accessed December 23, 2019
  16. ↑ HOPKINS, Samuel (1753 - 1819) , Biographical Directory of the United States Congress retrieved December 23, 2019
  17. ↑ POPE, John, (1770-1845) , Biographical Directory of the United States Congress, accessed December 22, 2019
  18. ^ CLAY, Henry, (1777-1852) , Biographical Directory of the United States Congress, accessed December 22, 2019
  19. ^ A New Nation Votes, Kentucky 1806 US Senate, Special , January 11, 2012, accessed December 23, 2019
  20. ↑ Wright, Robert, (1752 - 1826) , Biographical Directory of the United States Congress retrieved December 22, 2019
  21. ^ A New Nation Votes, Maryland 1806 U.S. Senate, Special , January 11, 2012, accessed December 22, 2019
  22. ↑ Reed, Philip, (1760 - 1829) , Biographical Directory of the United States Congress retrieved December 22, 2019
  23. ↑ PLUMER, William, (1759-1850) , Biographical Directory of the United States Congress, accessed December 22, 2019
  24. ↑ PARKER, Nahum, (1760--1839) , Biographical Directory of the United States Congress, accessed December 22, 2019
  25. ↑ SMITH, John, (1752-1816) , Biographical Directory of the United States Congress, accessed December 22, 2019
  26. ^ A New Nation Votes, New York 1807 U.S. Senate , January 11, 2012, accessed December 22, 2019
  27. ^ A New Nation Votes, North Carolina 1806 U.S. Senate , January 11, 2012, accessed December 22, 2019
  28. ↑ STONE, David, (1770 - 1818) , Biographical Directory of the United States Congress retrieved December 22, 2019
  29. ↑ FRANKLIN, Jesse, (1760-1823) , Biographical Directory of the United States Congress, accessed December 22, 2019
  30. ^ A New Nation Votes, North Carolina 1806 US Senate, Ballot 3 , January 11, 2012, accessed December 22, 2019
  31. ^ A New Nation Votes, North Carolina 1806 U.S. Senate , January 11, 2012, accessed December 23, 2019
  32. ^ A New Nation Votes, North Carolina 1806 U.S. Senate, Ballot 2 , January 11, 2012, accessed December 23, 2019
  33. ^ A New Nation Votes, North Carolina 1806 U.S. Senate, Ballot 4 , January 11, 2012, accessed December 23, 2019
  34. ^ A New Nation Votes, North Carolina 1806 U.S. Senate, Ballot 5 , January 11, 2012, accessed December 23, 2019
  35. ^ A New Nation Votes, North Carolina 1806 U.S. Senate, Ballot 6 , January 11, 2012, accessed December 23, 2019
  36. ^ A New Nation Votes, North Carolina 1806 U.S. Senate, Ballot 7 , January 11, 2012, accessed December 23, 2019
  37. ↑ WORTHINGTON, Thomas, (1773-1827) , Biographical Directory of the United States Congress, accessed December 22, 2019
  38. ↑ TIFFIN, Edward (1766 - 1829) , Biographical Directory of the United States Congress retrieved December 22, 2019
  39. ^ A New Nation Votes, Ohio 1807 U.S. Senate , January 11, 2012, accessed December 23, 2019
  40. ↑ LOGAN, George, (1753-1821) , Biographical Directory of the United States Congress, accessed December 22, 2019
  41. ^ John Steele, Pennsylvania State Senate at www.legis.state.pa.us, accessed December 23, 2019
  42. ^ A New Nation Votes, Pennsylvania 1806 U.S. Senate, Ballot 3 , January 11, 2012, accessed December 22, 2019
  43. ↑ NATHANIEL B. BOILEAU, Pennsylvania House of Representatives at www.legis.state.pa.us, accessed December 23, 2019
  44. ↑ US Senate Election , Harold Cox, November 4, 2003, accessed December 23, 2019
  45. ^ A New Nation Votes, Pennsylvania 1807 U.S. Senate, Ballot 4 , January 11, 2012, accessed December 22, 2019
  46. ↑ GREGG, Andrew, (1755 - 1835) , Biographical Directory of the United States Congress retrieved 22 December 2019
  47. ↑ FENNER, James, (1771 - 1846) , Biographical Directory of the United States Congress retrieved December 22, 2019
  48. ↑ MATHEWSON, Elisha, (1767 - 1853) , Biographical Directory of the United States Congress retrieved December 22, 2019
  49. ^ A New Nation Votes, Rhode Island 1807 US Senate, Special , January 11, 2012, accessed December 23, 2019
  50. ↑ GAILLARD, John, (1765-1826) , Biographical Directory of the United States Congress, accessed December 22, 2019
  51. ^ A New Nation Votes, South Carolina 1806 U.S. Senate, Ballot 2 , January 11, 2012, accessed December 22, 2019
  52. ^ BRADLEY, Stephen Row, (1754-1830) , Biographical Directory of the United States Congress, accessed December 22, 2019
  53. ^ A New Nation Votes, Vermont 1806 US Senate , January 11, 2012, accessed December 22, 2019
  54. ^ SMITH, Israel, (1759-1810) , Biographical Directory of the United States Congress, accessed December 22, 2019
  55. ↑ ROBINSON, Jonathan, (1756-1819) , Biographical Directory of the United States Congress, accessed December 22, 2019