Żelkowo

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Żelkowo
Żelkowo does not have a coat of arms
Żelkowo (Poland)
Żelkowo
Żelkowo
Basic data
State : Poland
Voivodeship : Pomerania
Powiat : Słupski
Gmina : Główczyce
Geographic location : 54 ° 35 '  N , 17 ° 12'  E Coordinates: 54 ° 35 '25 "  N , 17 ° 12' 28"  E
Residents : 280
Postal code : 76-217
Telephone code : (+48) 59
License plate : GSL
Economy and Transport
Street : Voivodeship Road 213 : Slupsk ↔ Główczyce - Wicko - Krokowa - Celbowo
Damnica → Żelkowo
Rail route :
Piła – Ustka
train station: Słupsk
Next international airport : Danzig



Żelkowo (German Wendisch Silkow , Kashubian Kaszëbsczé Zelkòwò ) is a village in the Polish Pomeranian Voivodeship . It belongs to the rural community Główczyce ( Glowitz ) in the powiat Słupski .

Geographical location

Żelkowo is located in Western Pomerania , about 20 kilometers northeast of the district town of Słupsk ( Stolp ) on the right bank of the Lupow (Polish: Łupawa).

history

Wendisch Silkow south of Lake Gard and northeast of Stolp on a map from 1905.

Earlier forms of the name are Sillichow and Selkow . Until 1937 the village was called Wendisch Silkow , when it was given the name Schwerinshöhe . The Polish name Żelkowo has existed since 1945 . In the district of Stolp there were the two villages further south called Groß Silkow (now Polish: Żelki) and Klein Silkow (Żelkówko).

In 1485 the Zitzewitz were named as tenants of Sillichow . In 1493 a branch of the Bandemer family owned the estate. In 1506 there was also a branch of the Rambow family in Wendisch Silkow, until 1801 it remained in the possession of the Bandemer . Around 1784 there was a Vorwerk , eight farmers, a Kossaten and a watermill (on the Feldmark, so-called Schwarzmühle) with a total of 15 fireplaces.

From 1801, Lieutenant Ernst Friedrich George von Jutrzenka sat in Wendisch Silkow . In 1843 it was acquired by Eduard von Stojentin . Another owner named in 1884/1893 was a lieutenant von der Lühe .

From 1910 to 1945, Wendisch Silkow was then owned by the von Schwerin family , who had been sitting on the Schojow (now Polish: Zgojewo), three kilometers further south, since 1855 . The last owner was Margarete Countess von Schwerin, who was shot by Soviet soldiers on her estate in March 1945 .

In 1937 and 1938, the Wendisch Silkow estate was settled in 80 full-time farmers. In 1910 there were 380 inhabitants registered here. In 1929 the Gutsdorf Schojow (Zgojewo) was incorporated into the Wendisch Silkow community. In 1933 the population was 648, and in 1939 it was 615.

Until 1945, the date of 27 December 1937 was Schwerin height renamed community the county Stolp in Administrative district Köslin of Pomerania assigned and in the official and civil registry district Sorchow incorporated (Zoruchowo) whose seat was however in Wendisch Silkow.

As the world war neared its end, Soviet troops marched into Schwerinshöhe early in the morning of March 9, 1945 and occupied the place where numerous refugees from East Prussia and West Prussia as well as evacuees from Wanne-Eickel were at that time . Around 600 refugees from East Prussia and the Rummelsburg district sought refuge on the estate . The Soviet troops set up a command post in the village and appointed the spinning mill entrepreneur Leo Muck as mayor. In the summer of 1945 the village was placed under Polish administration; the administrative office was in the neighboring village of Groß Garde (Gardna Wielka). On September 2, 1946, the Polish expulsion of the native population began with the deportation of two families. A major evacuation of the local population took place before Christmas 1946. Later, 291 villagers displaced from Wendisch Silkow in the Federal Republic of Germany and 166 in the GDR were identified. Wendish Silkow was renamed Żelkowo .

Today Żelkowo is part of Gmina Główczyce in the Powiat Słupski in the Pomeranian Voivodeship (1975 to 1998 Slupsk Voivodeship ). 280 inhabitants are now registered here.

church

Parish church

The Church in Żelkowo

The church in today's Żelkowo was consecrated on January 29, 1879 as a Protestant church. Until then, Groß Garde (now in Polish: Gardna Wielka) was the central church village.

The building is made of granite stones that were brought in from the surrounding area, professionally split and differentiated in color, butted into masonry. The windows are designed as neo-Gothic pointed arches and are divided into different colors. They form a glowing symbolism for the terms "faith", "hope" and "love" according to the Bible verse from 1 Cor. 13.13 .

In the nave there used to be a gallery on both sides, the front seats of which were reserved for the patron saints. In the lower rows of seats, several rows of benches were "reserved" for the individual parish locations. The Gothic archway above the chancel bore the inscription “ Jesus Christ yesterday and today and the same forever ” ( Hebr. 13,8 ). On the sides of the wall there was the saying “ Be the doer of the word and not only the listener, whereby you deceive yourselves ” ( Jam. 1,22 ) or “ Come to me, all of you who are troublesome and burdened; I want to refresh you ”( Matt. 11:28 ).

The organ was built by the Pomeranian master organ builder Christian Friedrich Völkner from Dünnow (now in Polish: Duninowo) near Stolpmünde (Ustka). In 1933 a Hanover organ workshop gave it a thorough renovation and enlargement.

In 1945 the former Protestant church was expropriated in favor of the Catholic Church. The church received a new consecration and the name Kościół Świętego Antoniego Padewskiego ("Church of St. Anthony of Padua " / St. Anthony Church ).

Memorial plaque from 2002

On June 1, 2002, a marble plaque was dedicated in the church as part of an ecumenical service . In Polish and German it contains the words “ In memory of the deceased former residents of the Wendisch-Silkow parish. 2002 ". Under a cross on the left side of the panel is the Bible passage from Heb. 13: 8 - in memory of the Bible verse written out earlier above the arch of the sanctuary.

Parish

Wendisch Silkow formerly belonged to the parish Groß Garde (today Polish: Gardna Wielka). In 1820, however, an own parish was established here, which remained a subsidiary of Groß Garde and, in the absence of a church of its own, celebrated its services in the schoolhouse. In 1879, after nine years of construction, the church was finally consecrated, and in 1885 a rectory with a community hall and a nurses' station were built. From 1891 parish vicars performed the preaching service here, until a church was founded in 1897, and finally a parish office was established in 1899.

In the parish of Wendisch Silkow, the places Alt Gutzmerow (Chocmirowo), Bandsechow (Będziechowo), Neu Gutzmerow (Chocmirówko), Schojow (Zgojewo) and Sorchow (Żoruchowo) were parished. In 1940 the parish now called "Parish Schwerinshöhe" had a total of 1580 parishioners. He belonged to the church district Stolp-Altstadt in the eastern district of the church province of Pomerania of the Church of the Old Prussian Union . On the Sunday of the Dead of 1946 - the expulsion was imminent - the German congregation with Pastor Fritz Käding said goodbye to the church as the heart of the hometown with a service, which they ended with the chorale “ I don't know the way either, you know him probably ”.

Since 1945 the population of Żelkowo has been predominantly Catholic. The village is now a branch church to the parish Wrzeście ( Freist incorporated). She is assigned to the deanery Główczyce ( Glowitz ) in the diocese of Pelplin of the Catholic Church in Poland . Evangelical church members living here now belong to the Kreuzkirche parish in Słupsk ( Stolp ) in the diocese of Pomerania-Greater Poland of the Evangelical-Augsburg Church in Poland .

school

In 1932, there were two primary schools in the municipality Wendisch Silkow: a three-stage with two teachers, three classes and 76 schoolchildren in Wendisch Slkow, and a stage in the district Schojow (today Polish: Zoruchowo) with a teacher who taught 31 school children.

Sons and daughters of the place

  • Max Sielaff (* 1860), German entrepreneur, engineer and patent attorney

traffic

Voivodeship road 213 runs through the village , which leads from Słupsk to Główczyce ( Glowitz ) and on to Wicko ( Vietzig ), Krokowa ( Krockow ) to Celbowo ( Celbau ). In Żelkowo a side road joins the main road from the south-east of Damnica ( Hebrondamnitz ).

Between 1897 and 1945 the place was a train station at the Stolp-Dargeröse-Zezenow of the Stolper Bahnen , and from 1897 to 1913 a railway line branched off here to Zietzen (now Polish: Siecie) and Schmolsin (Smołdzino). Today the closest train station is in Słupsk on the Stargard Szczeciński to Gdańsk and Piła to Ustka railway lines .

literature

Web links

Commons : Żelkowo  - collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Hellmuth Heyden: On the history of the churches in the Stolp region up to the 18th century , p. 14a (PDF; 424 kB)
  2. ↑ Ludwig Wilhelm Brüggemann : Detailed description of the current state of the Königl. Prussian Duchy of Western and Western Pomerania . Part II, Volume 2, Stettin 1784, p. 1005, no. 135 and p. 1004-1005, no. 132 .
  3. ↑ Lars Severin: The Jutrzenka von Morgenstern in Wendisch Silkow (Kr. Stolp) and Groch (Kr. Thorn). In: Der Herold - quarterly journal for heraldry, genealogy and allied sciences, New Series, Volume 20, Volume 63, Issue 1–2, Berlin 2020, pp. 297–305.
  4. ^ Karl-Heinz Pagel : The district of Stolp in Pomerania . Lübeck 1989, p. 902 ( Online; PDF)