Tina Turner

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Tina Turner (born Anna Mae Bullock; November 26, 1939) is an eight time Grammy Award-winning American singer-songwriter, dancer, sex symbol, and an NAACP Image Award winning actress. Turner's consistent contributions to rock music have earned her the title "The Queen of Rock & Roll."[1][2] Besides rock music, she has also performed R&B, soul, dance and pop music. She was listed on Rolling Stone's list The Immortals — The Greatest Artists of All Time. Turner is represented in the Grammy Hall of Fame with two of her singles inducted including "River Deep - Mountain High" (1999) and "Proud Mary" (2003).[3]

Turner has been acknowledged as one of the world's most popular and biggest-selling music artists of all time and is the most successful female rock artist of all time[4]with record sales exceeding 180 million.[5] She has sold more concert tickets than any other solo performer in history.[6] To date, Turner has 22 Billboard top forty singles,[7] 31 US top forty R&B singles, 27 German Top 40 hits, 20 Canadian Top 40 hits including three #1's, 7 Top 10 hits in Norway, 21 Top 40 hits in Austria, 28 Top 40 hits in the Netherlands, 24 Top 40 hits in Ireland, 14 Top 40 hits in Australia, France, and Italy, 26 Top 40 hits in Poland, nine Top 10 hits in Spain including three # 1's and has 33 Top 40 hits in the UK.[8]In Switzerland all of her solo singles have been Top 40 hits. All of her albums since Private Dancer to date have been Top 10 hits in the UK, Germany, Canada, Norway, Austria, Switzerland, and numerous other countries. In Sweden all of her albums have been Top 10 hits except the What's Love... soundtrack which peaked at #14.

Turner's world tour Break Every Rule Tour had record breaking ticket sales, visited by over four million fans. Turner also beat out The Rolling Stones by touring Europe with 121 shows during her sold out Foreign Affair Tour in 1990. She ended up playing to four million people in just six months. Her 1996 Wildest Dreams Tour was performed to 3.5 million people over 250 dates through 2 years. Her most recent tour was 2000's Twenty Four Seven Tour. It was the highest grossing tour of the year and is the 5th biggest grossing tour in America ever.

The popular press has referred to Turner favorably as "the truest rock diva of all,"[9] "soul's first real diva,"[10] "the most dynamic female soul singer in the history of the music,"[11] and "one of soul music's most incendiary performers."[2][10][12]

Early life and career

Nutbush, the childhood home of Tina Turner.

Turner was born Anna Mae Bullock in Nutbush, Tennessee on November 26, 1939, the daughter of Zelma (née Currie), a factory worker, and Floyd Richard Bullock, a Baptist deacon, farm overseer and factory worker.[13][14] Tina is of African-American, European,[15] and Native American descent specifically of the Cherokee and Navajo tribe,[16] making her one of many people who are both of African American and Native American descent.[17] Turner and her elder sister, Alline Bullock, were abandoned by their father and temporarily by their mother. Turner attended Flag Grove School in Haywood County, Tennessee. The land for the school was sold below market value to the school trustees by Turner's great granduncle in 1889.[18][19] They moved from Nutbush, Tennessee to St. Louis to reunite with their mother in 1956. In St. Louis, Anna met a rock and roll musician Ike Turner and later asked him if she could sing for him. Ike was initially skeptical, but after much persistence on Bullock's part, Ike Turner eventually decided to let her perform for him.[20] At age 16, Bullock moved to St. Louis, Missouri, where she attended Sumner High School.[21] Thus, Bullock became an occasional vocalist in Ike's shows at the age of 18. She was also the spotlight of a soul revue led by Ike Turner and his Kings of Rhythm.[22]

In 1960, when a singer scheduled to record the song, "A Fool In Love", didn't appear, Bullock stepped in and recorded the vocals instead. "A Fool In Love" was a huge R&B hit reaching #2 crossing over to the top 30 of the US pop chart. Ike changed Bullock's name to Tina (after Sheena: Queen of the Jungle) and his band's to The Ike & Tina Turner Revue. In 1962, the two married in Mexico.

Throughout the 1960s and into the 1970s, Ike and Tina rose to stardom. As times and musical styles changed, Tina developed a unique stage persona as a singer-dancer-performer which thrilled audiences of the group's live concerts. Tina and the Revue's backup singers, The Ikettes, wove intricate and electrifying dance routines into their performances and influenced many other artists including Mick Jagger (for whose 1966 UK tour they opened).

Ike and Tina Turner recorded a string of hits in the 1960s, including "A Fool In Love," "It's Gonna Work Out Fine," "I Idolize You," and the groundbreaking "River Deep, Mountain High" with producer Phil Spector in his Wall of sound style. By the end of the decade, Tina had discovered rock and roll and the duo began including their interpretations of classics such as "Come Together", "Honky Tonk Woman," and "I Want to Take You Higher" in their act. In fact, their high-energy cover version of Creedence Clearwater Revival's 1968 "Proud Mary" remains Tina's signature hit and one of her longest enduring standards. "Proud Mary" was the duo's greatest commercial success peaking at number four in March 1971. The single also won a Grammy for "Best R&B Vocal Performance By A Duo or Group."

While many of its original recordings failed to chart, the Ike and Tina Turner Revue was lauded by The Rolling Stones, David Bowie, Sly Stone, Janis Joplin, Cher, James Brown, Ray Charles, Elton John and Elvis Presley.[23] A one-night gig at a small, predominantly-black supper club in the South could be followed in the same week by a show at a major venue in Las Vegas or a national TV appearance. Ike acted as the group's manager and musical director, calling all the shots and ruling the act - and Tina - with an iron fist. While a fine musician and an early rock and roll influence, Ike's control of the Revue's management, recording contracts and performances eventually led to their decline as his drug abuse worsened. This controlling (and often violent) atmosphere caused the musicians and backup singers to come and go frequently, and Tina later reported being isolated and physically abused by Ike on a regular basis for most of their marriage.

Turner raised four sons — Ike Jr. and Michael (from Ike's previous relationship), Craig (born 1960, from her earlier relationship with Raymond Hill, a saxophone player in Ike's band) and Ronald (son of Ike and Tina; born 1961).[24] Turner's long-term partner is German Erwin Bach, a record executive. They live together in Küsnacht, Zürich, Switzerland, and Nice, France.

1970s

By the mid-1970s, Turner's personal life and marriage began to deteriorate. Ike's drug use led to increasingly erratic and physically abusive behavior. Their act was losing speed largely due to Ike's refusal to accept outside management of their recording or touring as well as the cost of maintaining a rather voracious alleged cocaine habit. Touring dates began to decline and record sales were low, their last success being "Nutbush City Limits", a song penned by Tina about her home town, which reached US #22 and UK #4 in 1973.[25]

Having opened his own recording studio - Bolic Sound - following the lucrative success of "Proud Mary", Ike produced Tina's first solo album, Tina Turns the Country On] in 1974. It failed to make an impact on the charts, as did the follow-up, Acid Queen (1975), released to tie in with Tina's critically acclaimed big-screen debut in the role of the same name in The Who's rock opera, Tommy.

After a final vicious beating before an appearance in Dallas over the Fourth of July weekend in 1976, Tina abruptly left Ike fleeing with nothing more than thirty-six cents and a gas-station credit card. She spent the next few months hiding from Ike, staying with various friends and relying on food stamps to exist.

Tina credited her newfound Buddhist faith with giving her the courage to eventually strike out on her own. By walking out on Ike in the middle of a tour, she learned she was legally responsible to tour promoters for the cancelled tour. Needing to earn a living, she became a solo performer, supplementing her income with TV appearances on shows such as The Hollywood Squares, Donny and Marie, The Sonny & Cher Show and The Brady Bunch Hour.[26]

Her divorce was finalized in 1978 after 16 years of marriage. She later accused Ike of years of severe spousal abuse and rampant drug addiction in her autobiography I, Tina which was later made into the film What's Love Got to Do with It?. She parted ways with him, retaining only her stage name, and assuming responsibility for the debts incurred by the cancelled tour, as well as a significant IRS lien.[27]

Turner ended the decade by releasing her first album since her separation from Ike. Rough (1978) was a departure from the R&B sound of the Revue, and featured strong readings of rock songs, demonstrating the direction in which she wished her musical career to progress. The record did not sell well, and 1979's Love Explosion - an attempt to attract the disco market - also failed.[28]

Private Dancer/ The Comeback

1984

Main articles: Private Dancer and Mad Max Beyond Thunderdome

Turner began touring extensively around the world but her career stalled until teaming up in 1982 with B.E.F. for a remake of the Temptations' "Ball of Confusion".[29] The producers were so impressed by the recording, they persuaded her to record a cover of Al Green's Let's Stay Together.

While she was largely considered to be unmarketable by the American recording industry, her popularity as a top stage act never faded in Europe and other parts of the world. Capitol signed her to a limited deal with their UK label. She divided her time between appearing at small venues in the US in order to keep herself in the public eye but continued to sell out major venues in Europe.[30]

In December of 1983, her cover of Let's Stay Together hit #6 in the U.K. and became a huge hit across all of Europe. Capitol Records still weren't interested in signing Tina until thousands of import copies were flooding into the U.S. So Capitol Records USA decided to release the single. On March 24, 1984 Let's Stay Together hit #26 on the pop charts. It was a bigger success on the R&B and Dance Charts reaching the Top 5 on both charts. Given this turn of events, Capitol Records was quickly forced to review their previous assessment of Turner's chart ability and put forth the resources to let her record an album. Shortly after Capitol released a European promotion single, Help! , a Beatles cover, reached the top 40 in the U.K., #18 in the Netherlands, and #16 in Austria.

Although well-known and respected as a performer before she separated from Ike Turner, it was in 1984 that she staged what has been widely considered the most "amazing comeback in rock music history".[10] In May, Capitol released the single What's Love Got To Do With It in the U.S. to promote the upcoming album. Only 11 radio stations had taken it to their playlists. Tina's manager Roger Davies enforced Capitol to promote it more. Two weeks after its release, the song was on the playlists of over 100 stations and was now in the Top 50. In June What's Love? was released to Europe it reached #3 in the U.K. and hit the Top 5 in many other countries. R&B/Rock/Pop-fused Private Dancer was released in the spring of 1984. Private Dancer peaked at number three on the US album sales chart and sold consistently throughout the year. It also remained at number-one for five weeks on the US R&B album sales chart. In Europe the album sold millions of copies hiting #1 in Austria, #2 in the U.K., Netherlands, and Germany, #3 in Switzerland, #5 and #7 in Norway & Sweden and also was a top ten hit in every European country. The album remained in the Top 10 until May 1985. The critics praised the album and by mid-August What's Love? was #2 in the U.S. At the end of the month Private Dancer had been certified gold by the RIAA.

On September 1st, What's Love Got To Do With It hit #1. At the time Tina was the oldest person to have a #1 hit. Also in September the third single Better Be Good To Me was released in both Europe and the U.S. It peaked at #45 in the U.K. and was a Top 10 hit in other European countries and it also peaked at #5 on the U.S. pop charts and #6 on the R&B charts. In November Tina performed at the 1984 MTV Music Awards and picked up a few awards on the way. In December Private Dancer ,the title track, was released in Europe and reached #26 in the U.K. and reached the Top 10 in numerous European countries. Also in December she released Tonight , a duet with her friend David Bowie, it reached #53 in both the U.S. and the U.K. At the end of 1984 Rolling Stone Magazine Critics' Poll awarded her with the following awards: Artist Of The Year, Female Vocalist Of The Year, R&B Artist Of The Year and Album and Single Of The Year. Also the Reader's Poll awarded her with Female Vocalist Of The Year and R&B Artist Of The Year. In addition Billboard Music Awards awarded her with the following awards: Comeback Of The Year, Artist, R&B Artist, and Female Vocalist Of The Year, and both Album and Song Of The Year.

1985

Tina started off the new year with a performance at the Rock N' Rio Festival in Brazil with friends Rod Stewart and Queen. After winning two American Music Awards (Favorite Female Vocalist and Favorite Female Video Artist), Tina participated in the recording of USA For Africa's We Are The World. On February 8th, Tina started her Private Dancer Tour, the tour toured the U.S., Europe, Australia, and Japan with over 170 dates. Her European tour broke box office records, her original 8 German dates were extended to over 30. On February 26th, Tina attended the 27th annual Grammy Awards and at the end of the night won 4 Grammy Awards. She also performed at the Grammys that night. She performed What's Love Got To Do With It ,although having the stomach flu, and received a standing ovation. What's Love? received Grammy Awards for Record Of The Year, Song Of The Year, and Best Female Pop Vocal Performance. Better Be Good To Me also received a Grammy for Best Female Rock Vocal Performance. In addition she was nominated for Album Of The Year and Best R&B Female Vocal Performance for Let's Stay Together.

In March, Private Dancer was released in the U.S. where it reached #7 on the pop charts and became a bigger success on the R&B charts peaking at #3. In the same month Tina performed five sold-out performances at Wembley Arena. In June the fifth single Show Some Respect was released to North America where it reached the top forty in the U.S. and #42 in Canada. Also in Europe a sixth single was released an Ann Pebbles cover I Can't Stand The Rain it only managed to reach #57 in the U.K. but was a huge success in France and Germany reaching the top ten in both. Private Dancer remains one of the best-selling albums of all time. Worldwide the album has been estimated having sold up to ten to eleven million copies[31][32][33], but also some sources estimating it sold over 20 million copies[34], thus making Private Dancer Turner's most successful solo album.

Mad Max Beyond Thunderdome

After learning that What's Love had gone number one, Tina received a call from Australian director George Miller who offered her a role in the up-coming Mad Max movie. Tina had been a fan of Mad Max and accepted the offer. She had to travel to Australia to shoot the movie. In June the movie Mad Max Beyond Thunderdome was released. Tina played the role of Aunty Entity, a ruler of Bartertown. The movie was praised and grossed nearly 40 million dollars. Tina received tons of praise and was awarded a NAACP Image Award for Best Actress. This role opened the door for new roles. Steven Spielberg offered her a lead role in The Color Purple three times but Tina refused because the character was too close to her real life. In July, Tina performed at Live Aid alongside with Mick Jagger. They performed three songs togther and rocked JFK Stadium. They appeared on many magazines the day after including Time Magazine. In August the first single We Don't Need Another Hero was released to promt the Mad Max Beyond Thunderdome Soundtrack. The single was a huge worldwide success reaching #2 in the U.S. and reaching #3 on both the U.K. and R&B charts. It also went #1 in 6 European countries and went to the top 5 in nearly every European country. The song received a Grammy nomination for Best Female Pop Vocal and received a Golden Globe nomination for Best Original Song. Shortly after the soundtrack was released and reached the top forty in the U.S. and #47 in Canada, it sold over one million copies worldwide. In October the second single One Of The Living was released and was also popular reaching #15 in the U.S., #55 in the U.K., and it reached the top twenty in some countries. It later on won a Grammy for Best Female Rock Vocal Performance. In November a new single was released entilted It's Only Love , a duet with Bryan Adams, it was too popular and reached #15 in the U.S. and #29 in the U.K. It received a Grammy nomination for Best Rock Vocal Performance By A Group. In 1985 Tina moved to Europe and meet her boyfriend Erwin Bach. Tina is sixteen years his senior and they are together to this day.

Break Every Rule

1986

Tina started off the new year attending the 13th annual American Music Awards and nabing the Favorite Female Pop/Rock Artist Award. On June 20th, she participated in Prince's Trust Concert with friends Eric Clapton, Bryan Adams, and Elton John. The highlight of the show was Tina's duet with Paul McCartney. They performed the song Get Back together. In July Tina's autobiography I, Tina was released worldwide. Tina received half-million dollars for writing the book before the book was even released. It was a huge worldwide bestseller and in the book Tina openly writes about her through her tough childhood and the abuse she went through with her ex-husband. On August 28th, she received her star on the Hollywood Walk Of Fame outside of Capitol Records' headquarters on Vine Street.

In September Tina relased the first single in Europe to promote the upcoming album, the single was Typical Male. It was first released in Europe and the next month followed in the U.S. In Europe the single reached #33 in the U.K. and was #1 smash hit in Spain and also was a top ten hit in other countries. Tina's friend Phil Collins was on the drums. On September 15th, Tina and Bryan Adams won the Best Stage Performance Award for their single It's Only Love at the MTV Video Music Awards. In October Typical Male was released in the U.S. and became a smash hit, reaching #2 on the pop charts and #3 on the R&B charts. It was also nominated for a Grammy for Best Pop Female Vocal. Later on that month the album Break Every Rule was released. Break Every Rule was worldwide smash hit peaking at #2 in the U.K., #4 in the U.S., #7 on the R&B charts, and hiting the top ten in nearly every country in Europe. By mid-November it was certified platinum by the RIAA. Also in November Tina released another single in North America entiled Back Where You Started, it was a huge success on the rock charts reaching #9. Tina then released the second single from the album in Europe, Two People it reached #43 in the U.K. but reached #1 in Spain and reached the top ten in many European countries. By the end of 1986, Tina was again on top of the world and Rolling Stone Magazine awarded her with Best Female Singer and Comeback Of The Year.

1987

In January, she released the second U.S. single Two People and it reached #30 in the U.S. and was a huge success on the R&B charts reaching #9. On March 4th, Tina embarked on her Break Every Rule Tour in Munich, Germany and toured North & South America, Europe, Australia, and Japan with nearly 180 dates. 40 of those dates alone were in Germany, where Tina remains to be one of the most popular and successful artists there. Her tour broke box office records in 13 countries and made Tina one of the richest women in the world. The tour was sponsored by Pepsi Cola for whom she shot a commercial for. By now the album had hit #1 in nine countries. On April 4th the third single What You Get Is What You See hit #30 in the U.K. and #13 in the U.S. Also the title track was release as the fourth single and reached #43 and #44 in the U.S. and U.K. In June Tearing Us Part , a duet with Eric Clapton, reached #5 on the U.S. rock charts and #56 in the U.K. Also in June Tina performed 11 sold-out shows in London at both Wembley & N.E.C. Arenas. In August she started her U.S. tour. Shortly after she released the fifth single Paradise Is Here it's highest peak position was in Ireland where it reached #21. Then the sixth single was released the title Afterglow it was a success in the U.S. reaching #20 on the A.C. charts and was a dance sensation reaching #2.

1988

On January 16th, Tina entered The Guinness Book Of World Records when she performed infront of the largest paying audience to see a single performer. The audience was made up of over 184,000 specators. She performing in Brazil at the time was the largest stadium in the world, the Maracana Stadium. Tina still holds the record till this very day.

Tina Live in Europe

In March, the 1st single for the upcoming live album was released ,a Robert Palmer cover, Addicted To Love it reached #19 in the Netherlands. On the 23rd she joined Mick Jagger on stage in Toyko, they performed Brown Sugar and It's Only Rock N' Roll together. Tina's tour ended on the 28th in Japan. Altogether she performed nearly 180 dates in 25 countries and over four million people came to see her. The tour was the biggest and most successful tour in Europe ever. Later that month she released the second single Tonight Live! and it was a #1 smash in Netherland and Poland. In April she released Tina Live in Europe, a double disc live album that featured recordings from both of Tina's latest tours. It also featured duets with friends David Bowie, Robert Cray, and Bryan Adams. The album was successful in Europe and other countries. It peaked at #2 in Germany, #3 in the Netherlands, #4 in Switzerland, #8 in the U.K., and was a top 20 hit in most countries. The album sold over 4 million copies world wide and also won Tina her fourth consecutive Best Rock Female Vocal Performance Grammy. She shares the title for most consecutive Grammys in that category with Pat Benatar. In addition Better Be Good To Me (Live) was nominated for a Grammy for Best Rock Solo Vocal Performance. A month after, the third and final single was released 634-5789 , a duet with Robert Cray, reached #15 in the Netherlands.

Foreign Affair

1989

She started off the year by inducting Phil Spector , the man behind River Deep, into the Rock & Roll Hall Of Fame. She also performed Brown Sugar alongside with Mick Jagger. In June she recreated her role as the Acid Queen in Tommy for a Los Angeles charity event. Also in the month she finished her new upcoming album in Paris and Los Angeles. In September she released the first single for the upcoming album, the title The Best. The single became one of the most successful of her career, it was a huge success in nearly every country in the world reaching the Top 10 in the U.K., Ireland, Canada, Austria, Germany, Switzerland, Netherland, Italy, Norway, Australia, Poland, Spain and reaching #15 in the U.S. In addition it was nominated for a Grammy for Best Rock Vocal, Female. It was so successful during the early 1990s, "The Best" became the theme song of three athletes – boxer Chris Eubank, Brazilian Formula One racer Ayrton Senna and retired tennis player Martina Navratilova. A version of the song featuring Jimmy Barnes was also used to promote the National Rugby League, Australia's professional rugby league football competition. This advertising campaign brought interest to the game and reached its height when Turner performed the song at the 1993 New South Wales Rugby League premiership's Grand Final. A rugby league version of the song's video clip was also released at around the same time and remained in the top ten videos in Australia for a long time. The song was also used successfully in advertisements for HBO, previewing shows and movies, unofficially becoming HBO's second theme, for years.

In October, Tina's new album Foreign Affair was released worldwide. The album was a huge success worldwide, going #1 in over 7 countries. It entered the U.K. charts at #1 ,selling hundreds of thousands copies in its first week, and spent altogether over 70 weeks on the chart. In the U.S. the album reached #31 and was certified gold by November. The album has sold nearly 7 million copies worldwide. On November 26th, she celebrated her 50th birthday with a lavish party attended by a host of stars including Eric Clapton, Bryan Adams, Mark Knopfler, and Duran Duran at London's Reform Club. Also in December, she released the second single I Don't Wanna Lose You and became a smash hit reaching #8 in the U.K. and on the A.C. charts and also reached #10 in France. Late in the month the Foreign Affair Tour was announced and 150,000 tickets were sold for England's Woburn Abbey show in record time.

1990

On January 6th the third single Steamy Windows was released. The single was a success reaching #7 in Ireland, #13 in the U.K., #30 in the U.S., and reaching the top 20 in most European countries. In March it was reported the Tina's new album ,Foreign Affair, had sold more copies in the U.K. than Private Dancer. It had gone quintuple platinum in the U.K. and reached multiplatinum status in 14 countries selling millions of copies in Europe. On April 27th, Tina started her Foreign Affair Tour in Antwerpen, Belgium. The tour would become the biggest in Europe beating Tina's last record. On June 28th she performed at the Palace Of Versailles and became the first female artist to perform there. In July she performed 5 soldout performances at the N.E.C. Arena in England. In August the fourth single Look Me In The Heart was released and became a hit, reaching #4 on the A.C. charts, #14 in Poland, and #31 in the U.K. Also a European promotion single You Can't Stop Me Loving You was released in Poland reaching #20. Shortly after the fifth single was released Foreign Affair ,the title track, it reached #7 in Poland and reached the top 40 in both the U.K. and the U.S. It was also nominated for a Grammy for Best Rock Vocal, Female. The next month the sixth and final single was released entilted Be Tender With Me Baby it reached #18 in Ireland and #28 in the U.K. In September she performed seven soldout shows at Wembley Arena. In November the Foreign Affair Tour ended and Tina altogether played 125 shows to nearly four million people making her tour the biggest ever in Europe again. The tour surprassed a record set by the Rolling Stones by touring Europe with 121 shows, playing to nearly 4 million fans in just six months. Shortly after that Tina contributed a song Break Through The Barriers to the Days Of Thunder soundtrack. In December a new single was released a duet with Tina's close friend Rod Stewart. It Takes Two was a European smash hit reaching #3 in Netherland, #4 in Ireland, #5 in the U.K. and Italy, #10 in Switzerland and became successful in other countries as well. Both of these artist reportedly got 1 million dollars for their work.

Simply The Best

1991

Turner's handprints at the Rotterdam Walk of Fame.

Tina started off the new year by being inducted into the Rock & Roll Hall Of Fame with exhusband Ike Turner. Tina didn't attend the event because she was not doing any public appearances and Ike was in jail at the time for drug abuse. Phil Spector accepted the award on their behalf. In September, the first single was released for the new album, a new 90's version of Tina's classic Nutbush City Limits. The single was a success in Europe, it reached #9 on the U.K. Airplay chart, #23 in the U.K., and #11 in the Netherlands and Italy. The new album was also released in September and was an entitled Simply The Best. The album was a compilation of her most popular hits in the 80's and some tracks from her early career. The album was a huge success worldwide and sold over 7 million copies worldwide. It reached #1 in the Netherlands, #2 in the U.K., #3 in Switzerland, #4 in Germany, and became a top ten hit in Austria, Australia, Norway, Sweden, Ireland, Spain, and numerous other countries. The album is Tina's biggest seller in the U.K., selling 2.4 million copies and going 8x platinum there alone. It is one of the biggest selling albums of all time in the U.K., spending nearly 400 weeks on the chart. On her birthday, Tina received a quintiple-platinum award in London to mark the sales of Foreign Affair in the U.K. She also received a solid silver award in honor of her 52nd birthday from label boss, Rubert Perry. Four days later Way Of The World, the second single was released and became a European hit reaching #6 on the U.K. Airplay charts, #12 in Australia and Ireland, #13 in the U.K., and was a success in most of Europe.

1992

In January, Tina was featured on Two Rooms , a tribute to Elton John, singing the song The Bitch Is Back. The song was a success in Europe and was nominated for a Grammy for Best Rock Vocal, Female in 1993. In February, the second single Love Thing was released in Europe. The song was a success reaching #13 on the U.K. Airplay and #29 in the U.K. The video was directed by Michael Bay and featured a young Tyra Banks. Also in February BCC1-TV broadcast A Girl From Nutbush, a TV program about Tina's extradionary life including interviews, videos, and concert clips. In April she participated in the opening of Euro-Disney near Paris. In July the fourth single entitled I Want You Near Me was released in the U.K., where it reached #22. In July, Tina signed a new contract with Virgin Records in America. Shortly after that the fifth and final single was released, a remake of The Best featuring Tina and Jimmy Barnes. The single was a success in Australia, where it reached #13.

What's Love Got To Do With It?

1993

Tina started off the new year by donating 50,000 dollars to help Exchange Club- Tina Turner Child Abuse Center in Ripley, Tennessee. On March 24th, she was one of the presenters at the 35th annual Grammy Awards and gave Eric Clapton the award for Record Of The Year. In April she was one of the eight honnorees at the sixth annual Essence Awards, at the Paramount in New York. She also guested on the Late Night Show with David Letterman. On May 12th she was honored with the award Outstanding Contribution To The Music Industry at the World Music Awards at the Sporting Club, Monoaco. She also her upcoming single and the theme song made of her life, I Don't Wanna Fight in the show. The next day the single was released in Europe. She also performed I Don't Wanna Fight on BCC1's Top Of The Pops. A couple of days later the single hit #7 in the U.K. The single was a huge hit in Europe reaching #3 on the U.K. Airplay, #4 on the Spanish singles chart and became a top ten hit in Italy, Norway, Switzerland, Ireland, Poland, Germany, and numerous other European countries.

In June, 1993 Tina started her first North American tour in six years, the What's Love? Tour. The tour had nearly 70 dates and was one of the highest grossing tours of the year. At the same time Touchstone Pictures released What's Love Got to Do with It?, a movie based on the autobiography I, Tina. The film paints a dark picture of Tina's relationship with Ike Turner, but shows her finding herself through Buddhism. The screen play was adapted by Kate Lanier and the film directed by Brian Gibson. Angela Bassett played the role of Tina Turner. The role of Ike was played by Laurence Fishburne. He had turned down the part several times, but took it when he learned that Bassett was cast as Tina. Both stars were nominated for an Academy Award—the first time in history two African American actors were nominated for Best Actress and Best Actor at the same time. The film was critically acclaimed and also popular, grossing nearly 50 million dollars in the U.S. and just under 10 million in the U.K. Bassett recieved a Golden Globe and an NAACP Image Award for Best Actress, just as Tina did in 1986. The film as won an American Choreography Award. It grossed around 20 million in U.S. rentals.

The soundtrack was also released in June entilted also What's Love Got To Do With It. It included updated recordings from the Ike & Tina days plus three new singles. The soundtrack was a worldwide smash hit, reaching #1 in the U.K. and Ireland, #5 in Switzerland and Sweden, #6 in Australia and Norway, #8 in Germany and on the U.S. R&B Charts, and became a top ten hit in other countries as well. And was certified platinum in the U.S. a few months later. The album has sold nearly seven million copies worldwide. In August I Don't Wanna Fight was released to North America where it became a smash hit reaching #1 in Canada for 5 weeks, #1 on the U.S. A.C. charts for 7 weeks, and #9 on the pop charts. In addition it was nominated for a Grammy for Best Pop Vocal, Female. Tina also starred in the 1993 hit Last Action Hero as the mayor. In September, she sang at the Australin Rugby National Championship game in Sydeny, Australia. Also in September the second single Disco Inferno, a Trammps cover, was released. The single was a huge sucess peaking at #3 on the U.K. Airplay charts, #8 on the U.S. dance charts, #12 in the U.K. (4 spots higher than the original verison), and #13 in Ireland. In October the third single Why Must We Wait Until Tonight was released. The single was written by Bryan Adams and was a sucess reaching #12 on the R&B charts, #16 in the U.K., and #19 in Poland. In December Tina's star was unveiled in an iraugural ceremony with 15 other stars at the Sidewalk Of Stars outside New Yorks Radio City Music Hall, where Tina performed 5 soldout shows in July. A few weeks later Tina's What's Love? Tour Special was aired on Fox-T.V. It was recorded at the Blockbuster Stadium in San Bernardino, California during her tour.

1994

In March Tina moved to Switzerland ,where she resides today, and took a well-deserved year off. On October 23rd, I Don't Wanna Fight was named one of the Most Performed Songs Of The Year at the annual BMI Awards Ceremony. Tina took the rest of the year off and relaxed , a thing she has had never known until then.

Wildest Dreams

1995

The new year was started by the producers of the upcoming James Bond movie Goldeneye asking Tina to record the title song for the movie. Because Tina had been working on a new album since mid-August, she asked Bono from U2 to write a song for her new album. When Bono heard Tina was going to perform a title song for the Bond film, he wanted to write the song. Eventually Goldeneye was written by Bono and the Edge who are neighbors of Tina in South France. The single was released in Europe in November and became one of the biggest hits in Europe in the 1995-1996 period. The single reached #2 in France , #3 on the European Top 100 chart and in Finland and Switzerland, and #7 in the U.K. It also became a top ten in Austria, Belgium, Italy, Sweden, Germany, Norway, Ireland, Netherland, and other European countries. The video of the single was as awesome as the song; it featured a gorgeous-looking Tina wearing a stylish silver dress and clips from the movie. The Goldeneye movie became the highest grossing movie of the series. In December she announced she would go on a massive world tour. On December 3rd, she performed her new hit at the VH1 Fashion & Music Awards. She also performed with friend Elton John. Three days later she performed the same song at the 1995 Billboard Music Awards. In addition she recieved the Legend Award at the annual World Music Awards.

1996

In February Tina was made a Chevalier of Arts and Letters, which is France's highest honor. Philippe Douste-Blazy, France's cultural minister, pinned the metal on Tina's lapel during a ceremony at Paris' Palais de Congres. The medal is awarded to artists who are considered to have made notable contriburtions toward pop culture in France. The first single from the upcoming album was released in March, the title Whatever You Want. The single was a European hit reaching #2 in Spain, #4 in Poland, #9 in Italy, #11 on the U.K. Airplay chart and the European Top 100 chart. It was a top ten hit in most European countries. In April the new album was released and titled Wildest Dreams. The album was a massive sucess in Europe and the world. It reached #1 in Switzerland and New Zeland, #2 in Germany and Austria, #3 in Belgium and Finland, #4 in the U.K., #5 in Netherland and Sweden, #6 in Norway, and was a top ten hit in numerous European countries. The album sold sold nearly 3 million copies in Europe and well over six million copies worldwide.

In the same year she embarked on her record breaking Wildest Dreams World Tour becoming one of the most extensive tours ever by a single performer grossing over $100 million in Europe alone. The video, Tina Turner Live in Amsterdam, was nominated for a Grammy Award for Best Video, Long Form. After the tour ended in 1997, she teamed up with Italian singer Eros Ramazzotti to record "Cose Della Vita/Can't Stop Thinking Of You", which was a hit in some parts of Europe. In 1999, Tina recorded the theme song for The Lion King II: Simba's Pride called "He Lives In You". She also performed on VH1 Divas Live '99 in April 1999, alongside artists such as Cher, Whitney Houston, Elton John and Mary J. Blige.Template:Sample box start variation 2 Template:Multi-listen start Template:Multi-listen item Template:Multi-listen item Template:Multi-listen end Template:Sample box end

Turner's ninth studio album, Twenty Four Seven, was released in November 1999.[35] It produced several hits including "Whatever You Need" and "When the Heartache Is Over" which was a UK Top 10 hit and peaked at #3 on the US Dance/Club Play Charts. It was not as successful as Tina's past albums, but was still a success. It sold one million copies in the US, becoming platinum. Following the release of her album, Tina officially announced that she would embark on her last major arena and stadium promotional tour. Ending on a high note, her Twenty Four Seven World Tour grossed over $80 million in the US alone (23 international sold out stadium shows were not taken into consideration—with mid-range ticket prices) during the summer becoming the 5th biggest concert tour ever in the U.S. earning her the title of top-grossing tour in the year 2000.[36]

2000-present

In early 2000, Turner announced that her Twenty-Four Seven millennium tour would be her last, and her fans turned out in droves. Based on the success of that tour, Tina was the highest grossing live entertainer of 2000.[37]

Over the next few years, she continued to make public appearances and to collaborate with other musicians on recording projects. In 2001, Tennessee State Route 19 between Brownsville and Nutbush was named "Tina Turner Highway".[38] In 2003, she teamed up with Phil Collins to record the song "Great Spirits" for the Disney film Brother Bear.[39]

In 2004, Turner released her latest greatest hits compilation album, All the Best.[40] It peaked at #2 on Billboard. The album is both her highest debut on the Billboard 200 and her highest-charting album ever in the U.S. The album included a new single, "Open Arms"; the song reached the UK Top 25.

In early 2005, Turner gave several live television performances in the US and Europe, and appeared at a private charity ball in St. Petersburg, Russia in November. Tina was also honored as one of Oprah Winfrey's 25 legends - African-American women who broke barriers through their work.

U.S. President George W. Bush congratulates Tina Turner during a reception for the Kennedy Center Honors in the East Room of the White House on December 4, 2005. From left, the honorees are singer Tony Bennett, dancer Suzanne Farrell, actress Julie Harris, and actor Robert Redford.

At the end of the year, Turner was recognized by the Kennedy Center Honors at the John F. Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts in Washington, D.C. and was elected to join an elite group of entertainers.[41] Several artists paid tribute to her that night including Oprah Winfrey, Melissa Etheridge, Queen Latifah, Beyoncé (who performed "Proud Mary"), and the Reverend Al Green. Oprah stated, "We don't need another hero. We need more heroines like you, Tina. You make me proud to spell my name w-o-m-a-n,"[42] and "Tina Turner didn't just survive, she triumphed."

In early 2006, the All the Invisible Children soundtrack was released. Turner sang "Teach Me Again" with Elisa which charted at #1 in Italy. In April, the NRL (National Rugby League), one of the most popular sporting competitions in Australia and New Zealand, announced that Tina would return as the face and spokesperson of the rugby league in 2008 due to the overwhelming popularity of Turner's previous campaign.

In October 2006, in an interview with Billboard Magazine, Guy Chambers, Robbie Williams' former producer, revealed that his next project is Turner's comeback album. At the premiere of Casino Royale in Zurich, November 16, 2006, Turner confirmed that she has recorded several new tracks for the album. This will be her first full recording of new material in 8 years. In May 2007, Tina returned to the stage to headline a benefit concert for the Cauldwell Children's Charity at London's Natural History Museum. This was her first full show in seven years.

Jazz pianist Herbie Hancock released an album, paying tribute to his longtime associate and friend, singer-songwriter Joni Mitchell, entitled River: The Joni Letters on September 25, 2007. Turner contributed her vocals to a version of "Edith and The Kingpin." On October 16, 2007, guitar legend Carlos Santana released an album entitled Ultimate Santana, which features Tina singing "The Game Of Love," a song she had recorded in 2002, but which was previously unreleased.

On December 12, 2007, Turner issued a brief statement through a spokesperson regarding the death of her former husband Ike that day[43]: "Tina is aware that Ike passed away earlier today. She has not had any contact with him in 35 years. No further comment will be made."[44]

On February 10, 2008, at age 68, Turner performed together with Beyoncé at the 50th Annual Grammy Awards, which were broadcast live on CBS. It was Tina's first major public performance since her record-breaking Twenty-Four Seven tour, and she received highly positive reviews in the press.[45][46]

On April 29, 2008, Turner announced that she will embark on her Tina: Live in Concert Tour in early October.[47] This will be Turner's first tour since Twenty-Four Seven. On May 5, 2008, she performed a concert at Caesar's Place in Las Vegas with long time friend Cher.

Discography

For a full discography, see Tina Turner discography. Also see, List of Tina Turner awards.

Filmography

See also

References

  1. ^ Tina Turner: Queen of Rock 'n' Roll - Trailer - Cast - Showtimes - New York Times
  2. ^ a b San Francisco Art Exchange : Gallery of The Popular Image
  3. ^ grammy.com Hall of Fame
  4. ^ http://www.biography.com/search/article.do?id=9512276 Biography.com: Biography on Tina Turner
  5. ^ George-Warren, Holly (2008) [1983]. The Rolling Stone Encyclopedia of Rock & Roll. Fireside. {{cite book}}: |access-date= requires |url= (help); Cite has empty unknown parameters: |origmonth=, |month=, |chapterurl=, and |origdate= (help); Unknown parameter |coauthors= ignored (|author= suggested) (help)
  6. ^ Busnar, Gene (2007). The Picture Life of Tina Turner (Library Binding ed.). F. Watts Publishers. ISBN 0531102971. {{cite book}}: |access-date= requires |url= (help); Cite has empty unknown parameters: |month=, |chapterurl=, |origdate=, and |coauthors= (help); Unknown parameter |origmonth= ignored (help)
  7. ^ http://arts.enotes.com/contemporary-musicians/turner-tina-biography enote: Contemporary Artists - Tina Turner biography
  8. ^ Bego, Mark (2005-09-23) [2003]. Tina Turner: Break Every Rule. Taylor Trade Publishing. ISBN 1589792531. {{cite book}}: |access-date= requires |url= (help); Check |isbn= value: checksum (help); Cite has empty unknown parameters: |origmonth=, |chapterurl=, and |origdate= (help)
  9. ^ http://www.kennedy-center.org/calendar/index.cfm?fuseaction=showIndividual&entitY_id=14582&source_type=A The John F. Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts: Tina Turner Profile
  10. ^ a b c http://oldies.about.com/od/soulmotown/p/tinaturner.htm About.com: Profile on Tina Turner
  11. ^ http://www.mtv.com/music/artist/tina_turner/artist.jhtml MTV Tina Turner Biography
  12. ^ President Welcomes Kennedy Center Honorees to the White House
  13. ^ Preston, Kate (1999) [1988]. Tina Turner. Hodder & Stoughton. ISBN 0340721049. {{cite book}}: |access-date= requires |url= (help); Cite has empty unknown parameters: |origmonth=, |month=, |origdate=, and |coauthors= (help)
  14. ^ [1] Page 111
  15. ^ DNA Tracks Roots to Africa. Accessed 2008-02-27.
  16. ^ HUD, American Indian Heritage Month. Accessed 2008-01-05.
  17. ^ , DNA Tracks Roots to Africa. Accessed 2008-02-27.
  18. ^ Hosted by Henry Louis Gates. "Tina Turner". African American Lives 2. Episode 9. PBS. {{cite episode}}: Cite has empty unknown parameters: |transcripturl=, |began=, |city=, |ended=, and |serieslink= (help)
  19. ^ "Tina Turner Profile". PBS.com. Educational Broadcasting Corporation. Retrieved 2008-02-17.
  20. ^ Gaar, Gillian. She's a Rebel (Paperback ed.). Seal. ISBN 1878067087. {{cite book}}: Cite has empty unknown parameters: |origmonth=, |chapterurl=, |origdate=, and |coauthors= (help); Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)
  21. ^ "TRAVEL ADVISORY; Black History in St. Louis", The New York Times, May 10, 1992. Accessed December 11, 2007. "Sumner High School, the first school west of the Mississippi for blacks, established in 1875 (among graduates are Grace Bumbry, Arthur Ashe and Tina Turner)..."
  22. ^ Hasday, Judy L. Tina Turner: Black Americans of Achievement (Library Bound ed.). Facts On File, Inc. pp. pg. 10. ISBN 0791049671. {{cite book}}: |pages= has extra text (help); Cite has empty unknown parameters: |origmonth=, |month=, |origdate=, and |coauthors= (help)
  23. ^ [2]
  24. ^ "Tina Turner". NNDB. Soylent Communications. Retrieved 2007-12-07.
  25. ^ McCue, Margi (2000-03-01) [1995]. Domestic Violence: A Reference Handbook. ABC-CLIO. ISBN 0874367621. {{cite book}}: |access-date= requires |url= (help); Check |isbn= value: checksum (help); Cite has empty unknown parameters: |origmonth=, |origdate=, and |coauthors= (help)
  26. ^ Mabery, D. L. Tina Turner. Lerner Publishing Group. ISBN 0822516098. {{cite book}}: Cite has empty unknown parameters: |origmonth=, |month=, |origdate=, and |coauthors= (help)
  27. ^ Turner, Tina. I, Tina (Hardback ed.). HarperCollins Publishers. ISBN 068805949X. {{cite book}}: Cite has empty unknown parameters: |origmonth=, |month=, and |origdate= (help); Unknown parameter |coauthors= ignored (|author= suggested) (help)
  28. ^ Wynn, Ron (1985-08-01). Tina: The Tina Turner Story. Collier Books. ISBN 0020077807. {{cite book}}: Cite has empty unknown parameters: |origmonth=, |origdate=, and |coauthors= (help)
  29. ^ Fissinger, Laura (1985-07-12). Tina Turner. Ballantine Books. ISBN 0345326423. {{cite book}}: Cite has empty unknown parameters: |origmonth= and |origdate= (help)
  30. ^ Koenig, Teresa. Tina Turner. Crestwood House. pp. pg. 20-30. ISBN 0896863050. {{cite book}}: |access-date= requires |url= (help); |pages= has extra text (help); Check date values in: |accessdate= (help); Cite has empty unknown parameters: |month= and |origdate= (help); Unknown parameter |coauthors= ignored (|author= suggested) (help)
  31. ^ http://www.rollingstone.com/artists/tinaturner/biography Rollingstone.com: Tina Turner Biography
  32. ^ http://tennesseeencyclopedia.net/imagegallery.php?EntryID=T121 Tennessee Encyclopedia of History and Culture
  33. ^ http://www.milesago.com/industry/davies-roger.htm Roger Miles Producer Autobiography
  34. ^ http://www.biography.com/search/article.do?id=9512276 Biography.com: Tina Turner Biography
  35. ^ Twenty Four Seven (Audio CD). Virgin Records. {{cite AV media}}: |access-date= requires |url= (help); Cite has empty unknown parameters: |month2= and |date2= (help); Unknown parameter |year2= ignored (help)
  36. ^ "Tina Turner's Concerts Earn $80.2 Million; Top Tour Of The Year 2000". Jet. 2001-01-22. {{cite news}}: |access-date= requires |url= (help)
  37. ^ Tina Turner the Top Touring Act of 2000: Tina Turner : Rolling Stone
  38. ^ "For The Record: Quick News On Whitney Houston, Usher, The Strokes, Scott Weiland, Barry White & More". MTV News. 2002-09-26. Retrieved 2008-07-29.
  39. ^ Brother Bear (Audio CD). Walt Disney Records. Event occurs at 4 minutes. UPN: 0-5008-61033-7-9. {{cite AV media}}: |access-date= requires |url= (help); Unknown parameter |date2= ignored (help)
  40. ^ All the Best. EMI. {{cite AV media}}: |access-date= requires |url= (help); Cite has empty unknown parameters: |month2=, |year2=, and |date2= (help)
  41. ^ At Kennedy Center Honors, 5 More Join an Elite Circle - New York Times
  42. ^ USATODAY.com - Kennedy Center honors five performing greats
  43. ^ Spagat, Elliot (2007-12-13). "Rock pioneer Ike Turner dies at age 76". Associated Press. Retrieved 2007-12-14.
  44. ^ "Tina Turner Refuses To Pay Tribute to Ike". San Francisco Chronicle. 2007-12-13. Retrieved 2007-12-14.
  45. ^ "Tina Turner wows Grammy crowd with comeback". Reuters. 2008-02-11. Retrieved 2008-02-17.
  46. ^ Grammy Awards: Tina Turner, Kanye West sizzle onstage | Dallas Morning News | News for Dallas, Texas | Arts & Entertainment
  47. ^ Tina Turner says she's hitting the road again. The Associated Press. Retrieved May 21, 2008.

External links

Preceded by
Gladys Knight
License to Kill, 1989 		James Bond title artist
GoldenEye (song), 1995 		Succeeded by
Sheryl Crow
Tomorrow Never Dies (song), 1997


Template:Persondata

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