Assmannshausen

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Assmannshausen
Coat of arms of the former municipality of Assmannshausen
Coordinates: 49 ° 59 ′ 17 ″  N , 7 ° 52 ′ 2 ″  E
Height : 92 m above sea level NHN
Residents : 995  (Jun. 30, 2018)
Incorporation : January 1, 1977
Postal code : 65385
Area code : 06722

Assmannshausen is a red place on the Rhine and since incorporation in 1977 a quarter of Rudesheim am Rhein in the Rheingau-Taunus district in the southwestern Hesse . It has almost 1000 inhabitants and is part of the Upper Middle Rhine Valley World Heritage Site .

Geographical location

View over the town to the Rhine
Assmannshausen in autumn 2006
View from a height of 1,000 meters

Assmannshausen is tightly packed on the east bank and the right slope of the uppermost Middle Rhine just below the Binger Loch at river kilometer 532.5. The Aulhausener Bach , also called Eichbach or Höllenbach , runs through the village from a narrow Kerbtal in the Rhenish Slate Mountains just below the Binger Loch from the right to the uppermost Middle Rhine. Only the federal highway 42 , which was developed as a bypass , separates the town from the Rhine, on the banks of which passenger ships on the river dock at several landing stages according to the schedule. Assmannshausen has a train station on the right Rhine route and is a stage on the Rheinsteig hiking trail on the right bank of the Rhine . A passenger ferry connects it with Rheinstein Castle on the opposite left bank of the Rhine and a chairlift with the hunting lodge on the Niederwald .

One kilometer away, east and above Assmannshausen am Eichbach, is the Rüdesheim district of Aulhausen , the core town of Rüdesheim am Rhein four kilometers east-southeast up the Rhine. The neighboring town of Lorch is eight kilometers downriver to the northwest, also on a right-hand valley inlet with a wider right bank of the Rhine.

The highest point in the district of Assmannshausen is the Bacharacher head in the north with a height of 342  m above sea level. NN . The lowest point is the Clemensgrund , one of the shallows of the Rhine at 75.8 meters. The western border of the Assmannshausen district lies between the Binger Loch in the south at river kilometer 530.8 and the Speisbachtal shortly before the Teufelskadrich in the north at river kilometer 534.5 in the Rhine channel. The district forms a strip one to one and a half kilometers wide along the river.

history

Advertisement for the Assmannshausen mineral spring from 1899
Chair lift over Assmannshausen
Assmannshausen around 1900

Assmannshausen is probably a Franconian foundation. The oldest evidence is a document from Archbishop Ruthard of Mainz from 1108, which deals with the donation of a vineyard between Husen and Hasemanneshusen , meaning the Höllenberg, to the Benedictine monastery Disibodenberg . In addition, there are only sparse medieval sources about the small town that belonged to Kurmainz .

In 1489 Archbishop Berthold von Henneberg had the hot bromine - lithium sources searched for, which originally lay under the river bed of the Rhine and were the nucleus of the spa town of Bad Assmannshausen . By damming the river, the healing spring was found, which still bubbles today as an ace spring . It was mainly used for rheumatic complaints in the form of a bath; Mud baths were also on offer. Until 1983, the bottled water was shipped worldwide.

Another source of income for the place in the Middle Ages was mining, focused on manganese ores , slate and quartzite . The pits were abandoned at the end of the 19th century. Only the Hörkopf mine existed until 1916. See also: List of mines in the Taunus

During the Rhine Romanticism in the 19th century, numerous writers, poets, artists and composers visited the place, for example Clemens Brentano , Ferdinand Freiligrath , Hoffmann von Fallersleben , and Robert Schumann ; Kaiser Wilhelm I , Wilhelm II , Otto von Bismarck and Elisabeth of Austria-Hungary ("Sissi") were also guests at the Hotel Krone.

On 1 October 1970 merged , in the course of administrative reform in Hesse , Aßmannshausen with the neighboring community Aulhausen voluntarily merged to Aßmannshausen. The Aulhauser coat of arms at the time shows a clay jug with the Mainz wheel on the right . On 16 December 1970, the spelling of the name of the community was of Aßmannshausen in Assmannshausen changed.

On 1 January 1977, the church lost its independence and became powerful state law in the city of Rudesheim am Rhein incorporated .

In the 21st century, tourism and viticulture are the main industries that shape the place. Tourist attractions such as a ride on the cable car to the Niederwald hunting lodge and the beautiful view over the Rhine attract thousands of visitors to the red wine community every year. The chair lift provides a wide view of the Middle Rhine Valley near Rüdesheim, Bingen , the Nahe and Bingerbrück rivers . A 30-minute hiking trail leads from the hill to the Niederwald monument . During the main season in autumn, when the town is dominated by musically accompanied wine, Assmannshausen is also very popular with guests from overseas and Japan. Few facilities are open in winter.

coat of arms

Assmannshausen coat of arms
 Blazon : “Split by red and silver; in front a silver cross of branches , behind an eight-spoke red wheel. "

This depiction, which was re-confirmed as a coat of arms in 1956, has appeared in the court seals, on a building sculpture in the church and on a later coat of arms pane since the early 15th century , albeit with alternating shield halves. The cross refers to the patronage of the parish, organized in 1325, and already formed the place symbol in the mayor's seal of 1347. It was only shown in the parish seals between 1816 and 1895, after the place had become Nassau. The wheel is the Mainz one and is reminiscent of the former rule of the archbishops, who also operated a mine near Assmannshausen in the 15th century and promoted bathing in the 18th century.

Culture and sights

Buildings

  • Parish Church of the Holy Cross
  • The former Kurhaus at the northern entrance to the village was sold to the Catholic parish of Assmannshausen after the end of the spa treatments in October 1950 and is subordinate to the Limburg diocese. It was converted into a nursing home and now bears the name of Santa Thomas Morus -House
  • The last remnants of the actual old wall were removed from the approximately two meter thick fortification wall that Elector Berthold von Henneberg had built in 1491 when the hotel was expanded. Only the so-called Great Gate remained until today .
  • From the former towing station (first mentioned in 1541), where the horses were changed that pulled the Rhine ships upstream over the difficult passage of the Binger Loch , the Schiffer-Zunfthaus and today's Hotel and Gasthaus Krone (since 1808) emerged. It is one of the oldest inns in Germany. This is where the Romantic artists and writers who visited Assmannshausen in the 19th century resided.
  • Also in town there are restaurants in half-timbered houses from the 15th and 16th centuries.

  • Half-timbered house in Assmannshausen (restaurant Lorcher Straße, 1578)

  • Gasthaus-Hotel Krone

  • Assmannshausen in spring (viewed from the ship)

  • Assmannshausen (seen from Rhineland-Palatinate)

  • Roads on the slope of the "Höllenbachtal"

  • Assmannshausen as seen from the left-hand Rhine stretch in August 2016 . The place name can be seen on the banks of the Rhine.

Regular events

Economy and Infrastructure

Viticulture

This article or the following section is not adequately provided with supporting documents ( e.g. individual evidence ). Information without sufficient evidence could be removed soon. Please help Wikipedia by researching the information and including good evidence.
Vineyard (Höllenberg)
Assmannshausen from the Damianskopf

More than 90 percent of the vineyards of Assmannshausen are planted with Pinot Noir vines, which are sometimes called sticky bread after one of the innumerable synonyms of this grape variety. This makes the place in the otherwise from the Riesling dominated wine area Rheingau for red wine island in the region. On the Rhine there is otherwise only significant red wine cultivation in the red wine town of Ingelheim and on the Ahr .

The all-encompassing location name in Assmannshausen is called Großlage Steil , the three individual layers are:

  • Hinterkirch (15 hectares), with a steep south-west slope
  • Höllenberg (45 hectares), the slope is between 30 and 60%. The name has nothing to do with hell , but etymologically comes from Halde (1399: to the heroine , Middle High German: steep slope). The Höllenberg mainly consists of the southern slope of the Höllenbachtal , which stretches up from Assmannshausen to the neighboring town of Aulhausen . The Hessian state wineries Kloster Eberbach and their domain Assmannshausen as well as around 15 other wine-growing businesses share this location .
  • Frankenthal (15 hectares), with a steep south-west slope.

The Höllenberg is the most famous location in Assmannshausen.

The soils, which are ideal for Pinot Noir, are made from heat-storing phyllite slate. The microclimate and the water permeability result in an ideal location for the Pinot Noir grape, which has a long tradition in this location.

From the three individual layers with a total area of ​​around 70 hectares, the winemakers obtain the grapes for classic Pinot Noir wines with high extracts and concentrated fruit aromas. To improve the color, red-leaved dark field vines or the dye variety and Geisenheimer breeding Dakapo sometimes stand between the dark-green leafy Pinot Noir vines.

Well-shaped, aromatic, elegant, delicate Pinot Noir top plants with a piquant acidity, a velvety nature and a subtle almond aroma expand with each year of life, becoming rounder, smoother, milder and warmer. There are also tangy, hearty and spicy white autumns of all quality and predicate levels up to delicately fruity berry selections and ice wines.

traffic

Assmannshausen has a train station on the right-hand Rhine route , which is served by the regional train RB 10 ( RheingauLinie ) and seasonally by the intercity trains IC 2412 and IC 2415.

line course Tact
IC 2412 Stuttgart Hbf  - Heidelberg Hbf  - Weinheim (Bergstr)  - Bensheim  - Darmstadt Hbf  - Frankfurt (Main) Hbf  - Rüdesheim (Rhein)  - Assmannshausen  - Koblenz Hbf  - Andernach  - Remagen  - Bonn Hbf  - Köln Hbf  - Düsseldorf Hbf  - Duisburg Hbf  - Essen Hbf  - Bochum Hbf  - Dortmund Hbf  - Hamm (Westf)  - Gütersloh Hbf  - Bielefeld Hbf  - Herford  - Hannover Hbf  - Wolfsburg Hbf  - Berlin-Spandau  - Berlin Hbf  - Berlin Ostbahnhof One train a week (3rd Sep to 29th Oct Sun)
IC 2415 Dortmund Hbf - Bochum Hbf - Essen Hbf - Mülheim (Ruhr) Hbf  - Duisburg Hbf - Düsseldorf Hbf - Köln Hbf - Bonn Hbf - Remagen - Andernach - Koblenz Hbf - Assmannshausen  - Rüdesheim (Rhein) - Eltville  - Mainz Hbf  - Mannheim Hbf  - Stuttgart Hbf One train a week (Sep 1st to Oct 27th Fri)
RB 10 Neuwied  - Koblenz - Assmannshausen  - Ruedesheim (Rhine) - Eltville - Wiesbaden  - Frankfurt hourly

Educational institutions

Assmannshausen had a primary school with the Nikolausschule located above the village. It was closed in 2012.

Web links

Commons : Assmannshausen  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Historical views

Individual evidence

  1. ^ City of Rüdesheim am Rhein: Rüdesheim in figures , accessed in December 2019.
  2. ↑ a b Topographic map 1: 25,000, Geoportal Hessen
  3. ↑ Merger of the communities Aßmannshausen and Aulhausen in the Rheintaunuskreis to form the community "Aßmannshausen" on September 28, 1970 . In: The Hessian Minister of the Interior (ed.): State Gazette for the State of Hesse. 1970 No. 41 , p. 1950 , point 1802 ( online at the information system of the Hessian state parliament [PDF; 7.5 MB ]).
  4. ↑ a b Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality register for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart / Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 376 .
  5. ↑ Change in the spelling of the name of the municipality of Assmannshausen in the Rheingau district on December 16, 1970 . In: The Hessian Minister of the Interior (Ed.): State Gazette for the State of Hesse. 1971 No. 1 , p. 4 , 5 ( online at the information system of the Hessian state parliament [PDF; 5.2 MB ]).
  6. ^ Klemens Stadler : The municipal coat of arms of the state of Hesse . New edition of the collection of German local coats of arms by Prof. Otto Hupp on behalf of HAG Aktiengesellschaft in Bremen, edited by Dr. Klemens Stadler, drawings by Max Reinhart (=  German coat of arms - Federal Republic of Germany . Volume 3 ). Angelsachsen-Verlag, Bremen 1967, p. 16 .
  7. ^ Sights in Assmannshausen
  8. ↑ Christina Schultz: Assmannshausener celebrate three days in red. In: Wiesbadener Kurier. Verlagsgruppe Rhein Main GmbH & Co. KG, June 20, 2016, accessed on July 19, 2016 .
  9. ↑ Ruby Red Symphony - red wine producers presented their products. In: Rheingau Echo. Rheingau Echo Verlag GmbH, November 14, 2013, accessed on July 19, 2016 .
  10. ^ Winegrowers and wineries in Assmannshausen
  11. ^ Kreis wants to transfer the school in Assmannshausen to Rüdesheim. In: Wiesbaden Courier . July 3, 2019, archived from the original on July 3, 2019 ; accessed on December 17, 2019 .