O holy spirit and water bath
| Bach cantata | |
|---|---|
| O holy spirit and water bath | |
| BWV: | 165 |
| Occasion: | Trinity |
| Year of origin: | 1715 |
| Place of origin: | Weimar |
| Genus: | Church cantata |
| Solo : | SATB |
| Choir: | SATB |
| Instruments : | Fg 2Vn Va Bc |
| text | |
| Salomon Franck , Ludwig Heimbold | |
| List of Bach cantatas | |
O holy spirit and water bath ( BWV 165) is a church cantata by Johann Sebastian Bach . He wrote it in Weimar for Trinity and performed it for the first time on June 16, 1715.
Story and words
Bach was the court organist of Johann Ernst von Sachsen-Weimar in Weimar and was appointed concertmaster on March 2, 1714. This was accompanied by the task of performing a church cantata in the castle church every month. He composed the cantata for Trinity. The prescribed readings for the Sunday after Pentecost were Rom 11,33-36 LUT , “What a depth of the riches of the wisdom and knowledge of God”, and Jn 3,1-15 LUT , the meeting of Jesus and Nicodemus .
The cantata text was written by the court poet Salomon Franck and published in 1715 in the Evangelisches Andachts-Opffer collection . The poet adheres closely to the Gospel and derives the beginning from Jesus' remark: "Unless a person is born of the water and the Spirit, he cannot enter the kingdom of God". In sentence 2, a recitative , the text explains that the birth mentioned takes place in baptism, an act of God's grace: “In the spirit and water bath he becomes a child of bliss and grace”. Movement 3, an aria , considers that the covenant has to be renewed again and again in the course of life, since man breaks it (movement 4). The last aria is a prayer for the insight that the death of Jesus brought salvation: "the death of my death". The final chorale is the fifth stanza of Ludwig Heimbold's Now let's God the Lord , who addresses God's word, baptism and the Lord's Supper.
Bach probably first performed the cantata on June 16, 1715. Another performance, with small changes, took place in his first year in office in Leipzig, presumably to close the first cycle of cantatas on Trinity Sunday. The score of this performance has been preserved.
Occupation and structure
The cantata is made up of chamber music with four soloists, soprano , alto , tenor and bass , four-part choir only in the final chorale, bassoon , two violins, viola and basso continuo . The bassoon is required, but has no independent part.
- Aria (soprano): O holy spirit and water bath
- Recitativo (bass): The sinful birth of damned Adam's heirs
- Aria (old): Jesus, who out of great love
- Recitativo (bass): Yes, I have, my bridegroom
- Aria (tenor): Jesus, the death of my death
- Chorale: His word, his baptism, his supper
music
In the first aria the ritornello is a fugue , while in the five vocal parts soprano and violin I treat the thematic material in imitation . These five parts are laid out symmetrically: ABCB 'A'. The theme of B is the inversion of A, that of C is derived from bar 2 of the ritornello. Alfred Dürr sees the form in connection with the theme of the Gospel, the birth of water and the Spirit. The first recitative is secco, but highlighted text sections approach the arioso . The second aria, accompanied by continuo is of an expressive design dominates that some Sextsprünge having upward. It is presented instrumentally and taken over by the singing voice in four sections. The second recitative is accompanied by the strings and intensifies the text with a number of melisms , the designation adagio on the words “Hochheiliges Gotteslamm” and melodies in the accompaniment. The last aria, in which the snake is mentioned, musically represents its windings. The cantata ends with a simple four-part choral movement.
Recordings
- The Bach Cantata Vol. 38. Helmuth Rilling , Gächinger Kantorei , Bach-Collegium Stuttgart , Arleen Augér , Alyce Rogers , Kurt Equiluz , Wolfgang Schöne . Hänssler, 1976.
- JS Bach: Das Kantatenwerk, Episode 39. Gustav Leonhardt , Tölzer Knabenchor , Collegium Vocale Gent , Leonhardt-Consort , soloist of the Tölzer Knabenchor, Paul Esswood , Kurt Equiluz , Max van Egmond . Teldec , 1987.
- JS Bach: Complete Cantatas Vol. 3. Ton Koopman , Amsterdam Baroque Orchestra & Choir , Caroline Stam , Elisabeth von Magnus , Paul Agnew , Klaus Mertens , Antoine Marchand 1997
- JS Bach: Cantatas Vol. 4 - One singing with joy, Cantatas 49, 145, 149, 174 (Cantatas from Leipzig 1726–1729). Masaaki Suzuki , Bach Collegium Japan , Aki Yanagisawa , Akira Tachikawa , Makoto Sakurada , Stephan Schreckenberger . BIS Records , 1996.
- Bach Edition Vol. 5 - Cantatas Vol. 2. Pieter Jan Leusink , Holland Boys Choir , Netherlands Bach Collegium , Ruth Holton , Sytse Buwalda , Nico van der Meel , Bas Ramselaar . Brilliant Classics, 1999.
- Bach Cantatas Vol. 27: Blythburgh / Kirkwell / For Whit Tuesday / For Trinity Sunday. John Eliot Gardiner , Monteverdi Choir , English Baroque Soloists , Ruth Holton , Daniel Taylor , Paul Agnew, Peter Harvey . Soli Deo Gloria, 2000.
literature
- Alfred Dürr : Johann Sebastian Bach: The Cantatas. Bärenreiter, Kassel 1999, ISBN 3-7618-1476-3 .
- Werner Neumann : Handbook of the cantatas Johann Sebastian Bach. 1947, 5th edition 1984, ISBN 3-7651-0054-4 .
- Hans-Joachim Schulze : The Bach Cantatas: Introductions to all of Johann Sebastian Bach's cantatas . Evangelische Verlags-Anstalt, Leipzig 2006, ISBN 3-374-02390-8 / Carus-Verlag, Stuttgart 2006 (Edition Bach-Archiv Leipzig), ISBN 3-89948-073-2
- Christoph Wolff / Ton Koopman : The world of Bach cantatas . Verlag J. B. Metzler, Stuttgart / Weimar 2006, ISBN 978-3-476-02127-4 .
Web links
- Kantatae, BWV 165 “O Heilges Geist- und Wasserbad” : Notes and audio files in the International Music Score Library Project
- Cantata BWV 165 “O Heilges Geist- und Wasserbad” on the Bach Cantatas website
- "O holy spirit and water bath" on the Bach.de website
- BWV 165 “O holy spirit and water bath” : Text, structure, cast, at the University of Alberta
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c Klaus Hofmann: RWV 165: O Holy Spiritual and Water Bath / (O Holy Spiritual and Water Bath) (PDF; 3.4 MB) bach-cantatas.com. S. 11. 1996. Retrieved May 30, 2012.
- ↑ Now let's God the Lord / Text and Translation of Chorale ( English ) bach-cantatas.com. 2005. Retrieved May 30, 2012.
- ↑ Julian Mincham: Chapter 62: BWV 165, O holy spirit and water bath ( English ) jsbachcantatas.com. 2010. Retrieved May 31, 2012.
- ↑ John Eliot Gardiner : Cantatas for Trinity Sunday / St Magnus Cathedral, Kirkwall ( English , PDF; 103 kB) bach-cantatas.com. 2008. Retrieved May 30, 2012.
- ↑ Chorale Melodies used in Bach's Vocal Works / Now let's God the Lord ( English ) bach-cantatas.com. 2005. Retrieved May 30, 2012.
