Bamberg
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Bamberg
Large district town of Überlingen
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| Height : | 478 m above sea level NHN |
| Area : | 6.31 km² |
| Residents : | 700 (December 31, 2014) |
| Population density : | 111 inhabitants / km² |
| Incorporation : | July 1, 1971 |
| Postal code : | 88662 |
| Area code : | 07551 |
Bambergen is a district of the large district town of Überlingen in the western Lake Constance district in southern Baden-Württemberg . The place is a good five kilometers northeast of the Überlingen city center.
geography
Bambergen is located at an old fork in the road to Owingen on the Pfullendorf – Überlingen road (today L 200) in the hilly drumlin landscape between Überlingen and Owingen, which is typical for the hinterland of the northern Lake Constance area, characterized by moraines . To the north, the Lippertsreuter landscape protection area borders the village, and the Andelshofer Weiher is located around a kilometer to the southwest . The courtyards and residential areas Forsthaus Hohrain, Heffhäusle, Neuhof, Ottomühle, Reuthemühle and Schönbuch (since 1928) belong to the 631 hectare area of Bambergen .
With the exception of the community of Owingen in the northwest, Bambergen is completely enclosed by Überlingen (or its districts). Neighboring communities or localities are (clockwise north): Ernatsreute (until 1924 to Bambergen, today to Lippertsreute ), Lippertsreute, Überlingen ( industrial area ), Andelshofen and Owingen.
history
Early days
Several barrows near the village ( Hofgut Neuhof ) indicate an early settlement in the Holocene of the late Bronze and Iron Ages , around the 4th to 8th century BC. Chr.
Villa rustica
The area around Bambergen was also settled in antiquity , because in 1881 various remains of a Roman villa rustica were discovered by chance during agricultural work in the northwest of the Bamberg district (in the Gewann Heusteig , like the barrows also near Hofgut Neuhof ) . or 3rd century AD. Several excavations followed during this time. In the municipal museum Überlingen's still part of today are artifacts preserved.
Since the remains of Roman manors ( Villa rusticae ) are extremely rare in the northern Lake Constance area and in Upper Swabia , this villa rustica near Bambergen (along with Bodman , Eigeltingen , Mindersorf or Liggersdorf, among others ) is one of the few proven ones in this region. Especially the western ( Germania Superior ) and southern Lake Constance area ( Switzerland and Austria ) in the Roman province of Raetia , was settled by the Romans at that time, such as " Constantia " ( Constance ), " Arbor Felix " ( Arbon ) or " Brigantium " ( Bregenz ), which were connected by a lakeside road from around AD 200 to 300.
At the beginning of the 2000s, more detailed investigations were carried out on the Bambergener Villa in cooperation with the Archaeological Monument Preservation and the Pfahlbaumuseum Unteruhldingen . Aerial photographs and geoelectrical measurements showed the remains of the walls of seven buildings (some of them) far apart from one another on an area of around 1.7 hectares. The first building, which was probably used as a residential building, was 22.3 mx 17 m in size and contained a hypocaust with sandstone pillars , and remains of the floor are said to have been preserved. The second, of which the foundation walls are only vaguely visible, has a floor area of 678 m² and indicates the typical shape of a villa rustica , as a portico building with corner projections . Grabungssondagen on the second building brought next smaller artefacts (u. A. Animal Bone, ceramic fragments from Terra Sigillata and antique household waste) or rubble an overturned wall, an outer wall shell, remains of a plaster with red joint bar as well as miter processed tufa blocks to light. The remaining five buildings were most likely smaller outbuildings. During excavation work for the construction of a new building in the immediate vicinity of the manor in 2003, Roman finds were also made, including a " strongly profiled fibula " (probably from the 1st century AD) and an approximately three centimeter head Made of bronze in the style of a theater mask in " tragedy representation ".
However, due to soil erosion and centuries of use for agriculture , the entire complex of Villa rustica near Bambergen is in a very poor state of preservation. In order to secure this archaeologically significant facility or at least to record further findings, at least a large-scale prospection would have to be carried out or the entire area would have to be excavated, which has not happened until today (2018).
Another story
At the time of the Merovingians there was a low castle in the center of today's town (probably the Bambergen moated castle ), the exact location of which is not known (possibly on the site of the later town hall , field name Burggraben ) and nothing has survived on the surface. It was expressly mentioned for the last time in 1348/53.
The place Bambergen, whose name means either in the Old High German language (from “ban”) “ banned mountain ” or from the Alemannic (from “bom” or “bem”) “ mountain covered with trees ”, was first documented in 1268 mentioned. Around ten years later there must have been an episcopal fiefdom from Constance, because the Salem monastery acquired the farm in 1279. Ten years later, the Reichenau monastery owned goods in the village. In the 13th / 14th century the place was owned by the von Regentsweiler family. In 1352 the family acquired the Überlinger Heilig-Geist-Spital two thirds of the village, the rest was given to Salem, the Überlinger Johanniterkommende and the Konstanzer cathedral chapter . During the imperial city period , Überlingen exercised the jurisdiction and sovereignty over Bambergen.
In the following centuries, Bambergen (since 1550), along with Bonndorf , Denkingen , Sernatigen (today Ludwigshafen ) and Sohl (near Großschönach ), formed one of the Überlingen hospital offices , which also included the surrounding towns (including Deisendorf , Ernatsreute, Rickenbach and the Reutemühle ). The village burned down during the Thirty Years War . From 1803 Bambergen was an independent municipality in the Baden district office of Überlingen (from 1939 district).
On July 1, 1971, Bambergen became the first place since 1928 (Andelshofen) to become part of the city of Überlingen. In the following time, Bambergen was significantly enlarged by new building areas. In 2018 the town celebrated 750 years of Bamberg .
politics
Through the incorporation to the office of Ueberlingen were the mayor and the council by a mayor and Ortschaftsrat replaced. Daniel Plocher has been the mayor since July 2019.
coat of arms
The Bamberg coat of arms shows a shield divided into black and silver , on the left three overturned "Wolfangeln" in gold and on the right a green linden leaf with a split handle.
Population development
The numbers from 1852 to 1970 are based on census results .
| year | 1852 | 1871 | 1880 | 1890 | 1900 | 1910 | 1925 | 1933 | 1939 | 1950 | 1956 | 1961 | 1970 | 2014 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| population | 291 | 190 | 181 | 168 | 176 | 152 | 179 | 205 | 180 | 222 | 212 | 224 | 309 | 700 |
| source |
religion
In the center of Bamberg is the Roman Catholic Marienkapelle from the 17th century with a late Gothic winged altar . In addition, there is a branch (" Lindenwiese ") of the Free Church Association of Evangelical Anabaptist Congregations in Bambergen .
traffic
From Überlingen, Bambergen can be reached from a junction on Landesstraße 200 via Kreisstraße 7771. From Owingen, the K7771 branches off the L205 to Bambergen.
Bonndorf belongs to the Bodensee-Oberschwaben Verkehrsverbund ( bodo ) and is connected to the Überlingen city bus network. In addition, the Regiobus Donau Bodensee of the transport association Neckar-Alb-Donau ( naldo ) from Sigmaringen to Überlingen stops on site.
Others
In Bambergen there is a village community center and the private school Freie Heimschule Georgenhof, based on the pedagogy of the anthroposophist Rudolf Steiner .
To the southeast of Bambergen is the Reutemühle, which was first mentioned in 1280 and was used as a grain and oil mill until the 20th century . In 1994 the “ Reutemühle Pet Farm ” was opened there. 180 different animal species can be viewed on 50 hectares in the zoo .
Literature & web links
- Michael Losse (ed.): Castles, palaces, aristocratic residences and fortifications on northern Lake Constance, Volume 1.1: Western part around Sipplingen, Überlingen, Heiligenberg and Salem . Michael Imhof Verlag, Petersberg 2012, ISBN 978-3-86568-191-1 .
- Hans Schleuning (Red.): Überlingen and the Linzgau on Lake Constance. (Partial edition also as: The Überlingen district ). Theiss, Stuttgart 1972, ISBN 3-8062-0102-1 .
- Bambergen at LEO-BW
Individual evidence
- ↑ Friedrich Klein, Robert Langer, Markus G. Meyer, Gunter Schöbel: A Roman estate near Überlingen-Bambergen, Lake Constance district (PDF; 1.17 MB). In: Archaeological excavations in Baden-Württemberg 2003. State Office for Monument Preservation / Regional Council Stuttgart (ed.); Theiss, Stuttgart 2004.
- ↑ Martina Wolters: History lesson at the beginning of the Bamberg village anniversary in: Südkurier from April 15, 2018
- ↑ Eva-Maria Bast Bambergen celebrates her 750th birthday in: Südkurier from April 10, 2018
- ↑ http://wahlen11.rz-kiru.de/08435059w/gw2019.html
- ↑ Stefan Hilser: New local councilors elected to their offices. July 24, 2019, accessed July 25, 2019 .
- ^ Population development of Bambergen
- ↑ Overview of the districts on ueberlingen.de
Andelshofen | Bamberg | Bonndorf | Deisendorf | Goldbach | Hödingen | Lippertsreute | Nesselwangen | Nussdorf