Brian David Josephson
Brian David Josephson (born January 4, 1940 in Cardiff , Wales ) is a British physicist . He was a professor at the University of Cambridge and received the 1973 Nobel Prize in Physics for discovering the Josephson effect .
Life
Josephson received his bachelor's degree in 1960, his master's degree and doctorate (Ph.D.) in physics from Cambridge in 1964. He had been a fellow at Trinity College , Cambridge since 1962 . In 1965/66 he was a visiting professor at the University of Illinois . In 1967 he was back at Cambridge as Assistant Director of Research and in the solid-state theory group at the Cavendish Laboratory . In 1972 he became a reader and from 1974 until his retirement in 2007 he was a professor at Cambridge.
As a 23-year-old doctoral student, Josephson discovered the Josephson effect, which is named after him. For “his theoretical prediction of the properties of a supercurrent through a tunnel barrier , in particular those phenomena that are generally known as the Josephson effect ”, he received the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1973 together with Leo Esaki and Ivar Giaever .
In the 1970s he turned to the relationship between Eastern mysticism and physics. With VS Ramachandran he organized an international symposium on consciousness and physics in 1978 and he maintains a Mind-Matter Unification Project in Cambridge. His support for research in parapsychology , cold fusion, and homeopathy made him controversial. He is one of the few physicists who think paranormal phenomena are possible.
Awards
- 1969 New Scientist Award
- 1969 Research Corporation Award
- 1970 Fellow of the Royal Society
- 1970 Fritz London Memorial Prize
- 1972 Guthrie Medal ( Institute of Physics )
- 1972 van der Pol Medal
- 1972 Elliott Cresson Medal ( Franklin Institute )
- 1972 Hughes Medal (Royal Society)
- 1973 Holweck Prize (Institute of Physics and French Institute of Physics)
- 1973 Nobel Prize in Physics
- 1974 Honorary D.Sc. , University of Wales
- 1974 Fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences
- 1982 Honorary Member of the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers
- 1982 Faraday Medal ( Institution of Electrical Engineers )
- 1983 Honorary D.Sc., University of Exeter
- 1984 Sir George Thomson Medal ( Institute of Measurement and Control )
- 2004 honorary citizen of the city of Marseille
literature
- Brian Josephson , in: Internationales Biographisches Archiv 50/1999 of December 6, 1999, in the Munzinger archive ( beginning of article freely available)
Web links
- Information from the Nobel Foundation on the 1973 award ceremony for Brian D. Josephson
- Web site BD Josephson (English)
- Lectures on Superconductivity with a video lecture by Josephson (English)
Individual evidence
- ^ Mind Matter Unification Project Cambridge
- ^ Encyclopedia Britannica Online, accessed May 12, 2014
- ↑ 11th Internat. Cold Fusion Marseille 2004 conference
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Josephson, Brian David |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Josephson, Brian D .; Josephson, Brian; Josephson, BD |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | British physicist |
| DATE OF BIRTH | 4th January 1940 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Cardiff , Wales |