GAZ-13 Chaika

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GAZ
GAZ-13 Chaika in Poland (2015)
GAZ-13 Chaika in Poland (2015)
GAZ-13 Chaika
Sales designation: ГАЗ-13 "Чайка"
Production period: 1959-1981
Class : Upper class
Body versions : Sedan , convertible , station wagon (individual items)
Engines: V8 petrol engine :
5.53 liters (143 kW)
Length: 5600 mm
Width: 2000 mm
Height: 1620 mm
Wheelbase : 3250 mm
Empty weight : 2100 kg
Previous model GAZ-12 ZIM
successor GAZ-14 Chaika

The GAZ-13 “Tschaika” ( Russian ГАЗ-13 “Чайка” ) is a luxury limousine from the Soviet manufacturer Gorkowski Avtomobilny Sawod (GAZ for short, Russian Горьковский автомобильный завод, the from 1959 to: 1981 Gorkier different automobiles Variants was built. The predecessor was the GAZ-12 ZIM , the successor from 1977 was the GAZ-14 Chaika . Chaika is the Russian word for seagull .

Vehicle history

GAZ-13 Chaika
GAZ-13B Chaika as a rare convertible at the Retro Classics 2018
GAZ-13 Chaika as a track inspection vehicle
Ambulance GAZ-13S Chaika from the production of the Riga bus factory (2014)

The GAZ-13 Chaika was introduced in 1959. While the ZIL-111 served as the state car for the highest government representatives, the Chaika was intended as a representative company car of the state apparatus and found a certain distribution in this environment. The GAZ-M21 Volga was located below the Chaika . In terms of design, the GAZ-13 unmistakably followed the line of the US Packard Patrician of the 1955 model year.

  • Total production: 3179 pieces, of which 20 pieces as station wagons (GAZ-13S) and some convertibles (GAZ-13B)
  • Bodies: four-door sedan with seven seats, two or four-door convertible, five-door wagon version

In the railway Historical Park Budapest a track inspection car on Tschaikabasis is received. In Vietnam , a “Triumph” car was manufactured from 1959 onwards, which was based on the Volga M21 and whose front design was based on the GAZ-13 Chaika.

The Chaika was an official's car that was usually delivered to high officials in the country and the Eastern Bloc . In the Soviet Union, however, there was also an official new price for the Chaika. From 1977 the successor GAZ-14 Chaika was built.

GAZ-13 Chaika in the GDR

The German Democratic Republic was a major export customer of sedans, and here too they were used in higher political circles. A few hundred of the 3,197 vehicles built came to East Germany. They were considered a luxury item and could not be acquired by private individuals, only discarded used cars were sold to the population. According to reports, retired Chaikas are said to have been assigned to families with particularly large children.

Chaikas in the film

In the DEFA film “ Simply Flowers on the Roof ” from 1979, the GAZ-13 Tschaika was, so to speak, a cinematic souvenir. In the comedy with Barbara Dittus and Martin Trettau in the leading roles, directed by Roland Oehme , everyday life in the GDR with its airs is joked.

A limousine of the type was used in the 2012 music video for the song Augenbling by the Berlin group Seeed .

Market situation in Germany

A well-preserved chaika from the 1980s was still being traded for around 17,000 euros in 2005. At the time of the fall of the Wall, GAZ-13 Tschaika were for sale in Berlin Unter den Linden for 5,000 DM. Over the past ten years, prices have soared. In the meantime, the Chaika is even traded significantly higher than the Packard Patrician model vehicle . A good example (limousine) is currently at collector's values ​​of 50,000 euros and more; Cabriolets have already been sold for seven-digit euros. The successor GAZ-14 Chaika is now on par with its predecessor. Due to the problematic availability of spare parts, chaikas are looked after, but very rarely fully restored.

Technical specifications

For the basic model GAZ-13 as a sedan, as of the first half of the 1970s.

  • Engine: water-cooled eight-cylinder four-stroke gasoline engine , V8 with 90 ° cylinder bank angle
  • Engine type: "GAZ-13"
  • Power: 195 hp (143 kW) at 4,200 min -1
  • Displacement: 5530 cm³
  • Bore: 100.0 mm
  • Stroke: 88.0 mm
  • maximum torque: 402 Nm at 2200 min -1 , and 416 Nm at 2000 to 2500 min -1 indicated
  • Compression: 8.5: 1
  • Mixture preparation: carburettor, type K-114
  • Valve control: overhead valves , central camshaft
  • Firing order: 1–5–4–2–6–3–7–8
  • Starter: ST101, 1.4 hp
  • Alternator: G101, 400 W power, 32 A
  • On-board voltage: 12 V.
  • Transmission: three-speed automatic and hydrodynamic torque converter , automatic push-button on the dashboard
  • Top speed: 160 km / h
  • Fuel consumption:
    • 14.0 l / 100 km at 40–50 km / h
    • 15.0 l / 100 km at 50-60 km / h
  • Tank capacity: 80 l petrol
  • Acceleration 0 ... 100 km / h: 20.0 s
  • Brake: hydraulically operated drum brakes front and rear
  • Steering: worm-roller steering, servo-assisted
  • Front suspension: wishbones, coil springs, stabilizer
  • Rear suspension: rigid axle, semi-elliptical leaf springs
  • Drive formula : 4 × 2 (rear wheel drive)

Dimensions and weights

  • Length: 5600 mm
  • Width: 2000 mm
  • Height: 1620 mm
  • Wheelbase: 3250 mm
  • Front track: 1540 mm
  • Rear track: 1530 mm
  • minimum ground clearance: 180 mm
  • Turning circle: 14.6 m diameter, measured on the front wheel
  • Seats: 7
  • Empty weight: 2100 kg
  • Dry weight : 1950 kg
  • Payload: 525 kg
  • permissible total weight: 2625 kg
  • Front axle load: 1305 kg
  • Rear axle load: 1320 kg
  • Tire size: 8.20-15 ″

literature

  • The motor vehicle industry of the USSR in the seven-year plan from 1959 to 1965. In: Motor vehicle technology 9/1959, pp. 370–373.
  • Uwe Miethe: picture atlas of the GDR road traffic. GeraMond Verlag, Munich 2008, ISBN 978-3-7654-7692-1 .
  • LM Shugurov: АВТОМОБИЛИ России и СССР . Second part. Ilbi / Prostreks, Moscow 1994, ISBN 5-87483-006-5 .
  • Ministry of Automobile Transport of the RSFSR ; Vehicle Construction Institute NIIAT: Short Automobile Manual (краткий автомобильный справочник). Transport Publishing House, 6th edition, Moscow 1971.
  • Автомобиль Чайка. Руководство по эксплуатации . Operating instructions for the GAZ-13 "Tschaika" from the Gorkowski Avtomobilny Sawod. 16th edition, Gorki 1975.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Chaika in series production. In: Motor vehicle technology 1/1959, p. 33.
  2. ↑ picture of the railway service vehicle
  3. ↑ Current pictures from the subject. In: Motor vehicle technology 3/1959, p. 129.
  4. ^ Uwe Miethe: picture atlas of the GDR road traffic. P. 47.
  5. ^ Werner Oswald: Motor vehicles of the GDR . 2nd edition 2000.
  6. ↑ Film details: Simply Flowers on the Roof (1979). Retrieved December 6, 2019 .
  7. ↑ Seeed - Augenbling (official video). Accessed December 6, 2019 (German).
  8. ↑ Vehicle Construction Institute NIIAT: Short Automobile Manual (краткий автомобильный справочник). P. 59 ff.
  9. ↑ Автомобиль Чайка. Руководство по эксплуатации . Operating instructions for the GAZ-13 "Tschaika" p. 5 ff.

Web links

Commons : GAZ-13 Chaika  - Collection of Images