Tychowo (Powiat Białogardzki)

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Tychowo
Tychowo Coat of Arms (Powiat Białogardzki)
Tychowo (Poland)
Tychowo
Tychowo
Basic data
State : Poland
Voivodeship : West Pomerania
Powiat : Białogard
Geographic location : 53 ° 56 '  N , 16 ° 16'  E Coordinates: 53 ° 56 '0 "  N , 16 ° 16' 0"  E
Residents : 2520
(June 30, 2019)
Postal code : 78-220
Telephone code : (+48) 94
License plate : ZBI
Economy and Transport
Street : Ext. 167 : Koszalin - Ogartowo
Ext. 169 : Byszyno - Głodowa
Rail route : PKP No. 404: Szczecinek – Białogard – Kołobrzeg
Next international airport : Szczecin-Goleniów
Gmina
Gminatype: Urban and rural municipality
Gmina structure: 47 localities
19 school authorities
Surface: 350.69 km²
Residents: 6766
(Jun. 30, 2019)
Population density : 19 inhabitants / km²
Community number  ( GUS ): 3201043
Administration (as of 2015)
Mayor : Robert Falana
Address: ul.Bobolicka 17
78-220 Tychowo
Website : www.tychowo.pl



Tychowo [ tɨ'xɔvɔ ] (German Groß Tychow ) is a town and eponymous place of an urban and rural municipality in the powiat Białogardzki ( Belgarder Kreis ) of the Polish West Pomeranian Voivodeship .

Geographical location

Tychowo is located in Western Pomerania , 21 kilometers southeast of the town of Białogard (Belgard) , between the rivers Liśnica (Leitznitz) and Leszczynka (Hasselbach) .

Its location on the Szczecinek (Neustettin) - Kołobrzeg (Kolberg) railway between the cities of Białogard, Koszalin (Köslin) , Bobolice (Bublitz) and Połczyn-Zdrój (Bad Polzin) made Tychowo a transport hub and supply center for the surrounding communities.

history

Groß Tychow southeast of the city of Belgard on a map from 1910
Street in Groß Tychow
Church of Groß Tychow (Tychowo)
Kleistsche Castle in 1939
Ruins of the Kleist Castle in 1960
Big stone boulder in the old cemetery of Groß Tychow

Today's Tychowo is an original settlement area of ​​the von Kleist family . The place was mentioned for the first time in 1250, together with von Kleist's possession Dubberow (now Polish: Dobrowo ). Since 1540 the place has been called "Groten Tichow" - in contrast to von-Kleist's possession Wendisch Tychow (Tychow) or Woldisch Tychow (Tychówko)  - where "Tichow" means "calm" or "silence". It remained the property of von Kleist until 1945. Around 1775, Peter Christian von Kleist built the palace, a horseshoe-shaped structure surrounded by a moat in the middle of meadows.

The number of inhabitants had increased from 1,488 in 1910 to 2019 in 555 households in 1939; At that time, Groß Tychow was the largest village in Belgard County . The community area was a stately 3766 hectares . The Vorwerke Johannsberg (today: Trzebiszyn ), Papwiese, Wilhelmshof, Marienhof (Doprochy), Bamnitz, Charlottenau and Vogelsang belonged to the community. Groß Tychow formed its own administrative and civil registry district and was in the Belgard district court area. The last German mayors were Karl Reinke and, from 1942, Paul Pitann.

Towards the end of the Second World War , the Red Army came to the village in March 1945 . The residents were already on the run , but their treks were overrun by the troops at Standemin (Stanomino) and Treptow (Trzebiatów) and forced to turn back. After the end of the war, the region was placed under Polish administration. The residents were evicted by 1946 and replaced by Poles.

Today Tychowo is a district of Gmina Tychowo and its administrative seat. On January 1, 2010 Tychowo was raised to the city.

Population numbers

year Check-
residents 		Remarks
1852 698
1867 473
1871 470
1925 1,761 including 1,717 Protestants, 17 Catholics and one Jew
1933 1,901
1939 2,209

church

Evangelical parish (until 1945)

The parish of Groß Tychow consisted of two previously independent parishes that were only merged in 1821:

The parish of Groß Tychow belonged to the parish of Belgard in the ecclesiastical province of Pomerania of the Protestant Church of the Old Prussian Union . The patronage of the church was the responsibility of the landowners Graf von Kleist- Retzow on Groß Tychow, von Heydebreck on Neu Buckow (main patron), von Heydebreck on Schlennin, Count von Kleist-Retzow on Alt Buckow, Haeger on Mandelatz , and von Versen on Burzlaff.

In 1940 the parish had a total of 3683 parishioners, 2830 of whom lived in the Groß Tychow area and 853 in the Neu Buckow area. The last German pastor was Werner Braun.

Today Tychowo belongs to the Parafia ( Parochie ) Koszalin (Köslin) in the diocese of Pomerania-Greater Poland of the Polish Evangelical Church of Augsburg (Lutheran) denomination . The place of the church is Białogard.

Catholic parish (since 1946)

After the majority of the German population had fled and expelled in 1945/46, the church became a Catholic parish church with the patronage , Mary, Help of Christians .

Churches

  • Groß Tychow : The church is probably the oldest building in town and was probably built from field stones interspersed with bricks towards the end of the 15th century. In 1830 the nave was lengthened to the east in brickwork and in 1859 a brickwork extension with a Renaissance gable was added on the south side as a patronage choir. The tower received its half-timbered upper floor with a curved hood after a fire in 1871 (year of the weather vane). The altar and pulpit were made in the first half of the 18th century. There are wooden figures of the apostles on the pulpit. Because of its good condition, the church should still be one of the jewels of the Pomeranian churches. In 1976 the interior was redesigned and the Gothic high altar was moved to the branch church in Stare Dębno .
  • New Buckow : The old stone church has a tent roof with a wood-clad tower top. Despite numerous changes inside, the six stained-glass, lead-framed windows (a gift from the patron von Heydebreck around 1865) have been preserved to this day.

Natural monument

The foundling Großer Stein (Polish: Głaz narzutowy "Trygław" ) in the middle of the old cemetery of Groß Tychow is known beyond the municipal boundaries .

It is the third largest boulder in Europe: a boulder 3.74 meters high, 16.90 meters long and 11.25 meters wide, with a circumference of around 44 meters and an estimated volume of 700 cubic meters. Most of the stone is below the surface of the earth.

The Great Stone of Tychow is the subject of a Pomeranian legend : According to this, the devil is said to have thrown an even larger stone at Tychow, but it broke in two parts and the other half fell in the village of Burzlaff .

Personalities

Sons and daughters of the place
Related to the place
  • Ewald Georg von Kleist (1698–1768), Prussian major general and commander of Fort Prussia near Neisse , died on his estate in Groß Tychow

Gmina Tychowo

Community information

The urban and rural municipality of Tychowo has an area of ​​351 km² and ranks ninth in the order of size of the 114 municipalities in the West Pomeranian Voivodeship . With 7057 inhabitants it ranks 55th and has a population density of 20 inhabitants per km².

Until December 31, 1998, Gmina Tychowo, which had existed since 1983, belonged to the Koszalin Voivodeship . Your postcode is uniformly 78-220.

The municipality is traversed by the Parsęta and two of its tributaries: the Liśnica (Leitznitz) and the Dębnica (Damitz) , as well as the Leszczynka (Hasselbach) .

The municipality is a hub for road traffic. The provincial roads run through them:

The rural municipality has two railway stations on the Szczecinek – Kołobrzeg railway line: Tychowo and Podborsko.

Community structure

In the Gmina Tychowo 15 districts ( sołectwo ) are united:

These districts in turn comprise a total of 47 smaller villages, such as

literature

  • Ludwig Wilhelm Brüggemann : Detailed description of the current state of the Königl. Prussian Duchy of Vor and Hinter Pomerania. Part II, Volume 2: Description of the court district of the Royal. Provincial colleges belonging to the Eastern Pomeranian districts of Cößlin . Stettin 1784, pp. 672-673, no. 72.
  • Heinrich Berghaus (ed.): Land book of the Duchy of Pomerania and the Principality of Rügen . III. Part, Volume 1, Anklam 1867, pp. 790-795
  • Heimatkreis Belgard-Schivelbein (Ed.): The district of Belgard. From the story of a Pomeranian home district. Belgard-Schivelbein home district committee, Celle 1989.
  • Hans Glaeser-Swantow: Authorities, churches, pastors, clergy, institutions and associations. Self-published, Stettin 1940 (The Evangelical Pomerania, Part 2).
  • Gerhard Rühlow: Grosstychow in Pomerania. Pictures and memories. Hüntemann, Schöppingen 1986, ISBN 83-904085-3-8 .
  • Johannes Hinz : Pomerania. Signpost through an unforgettable country. Flechsig-Buchvertrieb, Würzburg 2002, ISBN 3-88189-439-X , p. 142.
  • Johannes Hinz: Pomeranian Lexicon. Flechsig, Würzburg 2001, ISBN 3-88189-394-6 .

Web links

Commons : Tychowo  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Footnotes

  1. ↑ a b population. Size and Structure by Territorial Division. As of June 30, 2019. Główny Urząd Statystyczny (GUS) (PDF files; 0.99 MiB), accessed December 24, 2019 .
  2. ^ Website of the municipality, Władze Miejskie 2014-2018 , accessed on March 11, 2015
  3. ^ Heinrich Berghaus (ed.): Land book of the Duchy of Pomerania and the Principality of Rügen . III. Part, Volume 1, Anklam 1867, pp. 790-795 .
  4. ↑ Ludwig Wilhelm Brüggemann (ed.): Detailed description of the current state of the Royal Prussian Duchy of Western and Western Pomerania . Part II, Volume 2, Stettin 1784, pp. 672-673, No. 72 .
  5. ↑ Dz. U. z 2009 r. No. 120, poz. 1000 Rozporządzenie Rady Ministrów from July 28, 2009 ( Online, Polish )
  6. ^ The Pomeranian Newspaper. No. 2/2010, p. 7.
  7. ^ Kraatz: Topographical-statistical manual of the Prussian state . Berlin 1856, p. 637.
  8. ↑ a b Royal Prussian Statistical Bureau: The municipalities and manor districts of the province of Pomerania and their population . Berlin 1874, p. 112, no.153.
  9. ↑ http://gemeinde.gross-tychow.kreis-belgard.de/
  10. ^ A b Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. belgard.html. (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006).
  11. ^ Homepage of the Catholic parish , accessed on August 4, 2014.
  12. ↑ Historia Kościoła (Church History) , website of Komitet na Rzecz Rewitalizacji Zabytkowego Kościoła Parafialnego w Tychowie (Committee for the Revitalization of the Historic Church Community in Tychowo), accessed on August 4, 2014.
  13. ↑ Jodocus Donatus Hubertus Temme : The folk tales of Pomerania and Rügen . Berlin 1840, pp. 223-226, no. 187.