Marienstiftsgymnasium

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Marienstift-Gymnasium (historical postcard)
today's view (2009)

The Marienstiftsgymnasium was a grammar school on Domstrasse in Stettin . The Princely Pedagogy of Stettin from the 16th century, from which the Marienstiftsgymnasium emerged, temporarily achieved the rank of second state university after Greifswald . A long-lasting crisis caused by the wars in the 17th century was followed by the rise of the leading school in the province of Pomerania in the 19th century . The 400-year history of the educational institution ended with the evacuation of the Marienstiftsgymnasium during the Second World War .

history

After the introduction of the Reformation in Pomerania , the need arose to establish an evangelical school system. This was to train the clergy and officials the country needed. It was also considered to set up a second university in Pomerania alongside the University of Greifswald , which at that time only a few students attended. In 1543 the dukes Barnim IX donated. (XI.) From Pomerania-Stettin and Philip I. von Pommern-Wolgast in Stettin an educational system as an interim solution .

In the deed of foundation signed in Jasenitz on October 25, 1543 , it was specified that 24 boys should be taught in this school. You should be older than twelve years. The duration of schooling was given as eight years. The financing came from the income of the previous Marienstift and the previous Otten Chapter , which were between 8,000 and 12,000 thalers a year. In addition there were donations and the school fees that the students had to pay. The first statute of the school was drafted by Paul vom Rode .

The main subject was the Latin language , which was also the language of instruction. There were also Greek and Hebrew . Rhetoric and dialectics were studied on the basis of classical literature and the Bible . Equally important was the theology , which was taught according to the textbooks of Martin Luther and especially Philipp Melanchthon . In practice, the students learned the Christian liturgy and religious ceremonies, including singing and organ playing. In addition to the philosophy dealt with in theology lessons, and later also biology and geography, mathematics, astronomy and law formed smaller parts of the average of 30 hours per week.

The school soon found recognition for its academic level. The majority of the students came from Pomerania, the others from Brandenburg, Mecklenburg, Sweden, Hungary and Poland. From the opening in 1544 until the Swedes took over Szczecin in the Thirty Years War , the school had around 5,500 graduates.

During the war the pedagogy got into a crisis. The poor financial situation and the sharp decline in the number of students caused the Swedish government in Pomerania to close the pedagogy in 1667. In its place, the Regnum Gymnasium Carolinum was founded, which was named after King Charles XI. was named by Sweden. When the Great Elector of Brandenburg besieged Stettin in 1676 and 1677, the high school building burned down. After it was rebuilt in 1687, only 27 students attended.

After the capture of Stettin by Brandenburg troops in 1715, the new Prussian sovereign Friedrich Wilhelm I let the school continue under the name "Academic Gymnasium" and reorganized the board of trustees. The number of pupils remained low in the further course of the 18th century, in 1768 there were only six pupils. In 1777 17 students enrolled. A speaker and poet society in Stettin founded by Professors Nikolaus Maaß and Heinrich Moritz Titius with a few students in 1751 was re-established in 1753.

Finally, Friedrich Wilhelm III. From Prussia in 1805 a cabinet order , with which the high school was merged with the Ratslyzeum to the "United Royal and City High School". Influenced by Wilhelm von Humboldt's educational reforms , the grammar school developed into the leading school in the Prussian province of Pomerania. As an educational institution that was committed to the program of neo-humanism , one of the preferred areas of education at the school was , in addition to language lessons (Greek, Hebrew, Latin, English, French), history and geography, as well as drawing and calligraphy . Elementary school teachers have been trained at a teacher training college since 1804. The number of pupils at the school, which is highly valued by the bourgeoisie, increased sharply again and reached around 750 in 1863. In 1869 there was a division into the city high school and the Marienstiftsgymnasium, to which the Jageteufel Collegium was attached. Despite the division, the number of students remained high. In 1879 655 and in 1905 725 pupils attended the Marienstiftsgymnasium.

With its humanistic background, the Marienstiftsgymnasium became the school of the Confessing Church in the Third Reich . In the Second World War it was rededicated as a field hospital.

Because of the danger of air raids, both grammar schools in Szczecin were relocated to Stargard in 1943 , and then to the interior of Germany in 1944, which ended the history of the Marienstifts grammar school .

A sponsorship was established between the former students of the Marienstiftsgymnasium and the Katharineum in Lübeck in the 1950s , which continues to this day.

building

Today's school building: Liceum No. 2 from 1915 in Schlutowstrasse (ul.Henryka Pobożnego)

On the site of the St. Mary's Church, which was destroyed by fire in 1789, the “Old Marienstiftsgymnasium” was built in the classical style from 1830–1832 . The building, which was destroyed in the Second World War, was rebuilt true to the original and now houses a high school again.

In 1915 the new Marienstiftsgymnasium was inaugurated on Schlutowstrasse (ul. Henryka Pobożnego). The 2nd general education secondary school " Mieszko I. " Stettin (II Liceum Ogólnokształcące im. Mieszka I w Szczecinie) is located in this building  .

Well-known students and teachers

student

Teacher

Period Surname Teaching Other activities
1554-1557 Caspar Landsidel Rector
1556-1588 Christoph Stymmel theology
1579-1592 Konrad Bergius Rector, rhetoric, theology
1587-1630 Philipp Dulichius music
1589-1592 Salomon Gesner Rector, Theology
1592-1594 Friedrich Runge theology
1594-1636 Daniel Cramer theology
1612-1649 Heinrich Kielmann Vice principal. Greek, poetry
1615-1623 Valentin von Winther Director;
1641-1648 Andreas Fromm music
1641-1658 Johannes Micraelius Rector
1642-1654 Jacob Fabricius theology
1647– Johann Sithmann Law
1650-1660 Heinrich Schaevius Greek, poetry later rector at the Thorner Gymnasium
1668-1668 Konrad Tiburtius Rango theology
1668-1676 Johann Georg Ebeling Music, greek
1668-1678 Andreas Gottfried Ammon Rector
1672-1676 Martin Lipenius Rector
1678–? Johann Ernst von Pfuel Rector later court preacher to the Duke of Mecklenburg , church councilor of Mecklenburg-Güstrow
1710-1721 Laurentius David Bollhagen Theology, oriental languages
1716-1752 Johann Samuel Hering Law
1716-1757 Michael Friedrich Quade Rector, philosophy and style
1751-1753 Johann Daniel Denso Eloquence and poetry
1752-1773 Johann Carl Conrad Oelrichs Law
1764-1774 Johann Adolph Schinmeier Rector, Theology and Oriental Studies
1774-1797 Johann Jacob Meyen Physics, math
1788-1816 Johann Jakob Sell Rector, History and Rhetoric
1797-1815 Georg Wilhelm Bartholdy Math, physics
1803-1854 Karl Friedrich Wilhelm Hasselbach Rector (from 1828)
1805-1828 Friedrich Koch Vice-Rector (from 1805), Rector (1816–1828) initially at the same time, from 1828 full-time school councilor of the provincial government
1810-1813 Georg Friedrich Pohl Natural sciences
1816-1866 Ludwig Giesebrecht German, history, theology
1820-1866 Carl Loewe music
1822-1876 Herrmann Herring History, Latin and German
1827-1842 Wilhelm Böhmer philologist published on the history of Pomerania
1829-1840 Karl Gottfried Scheibert Religion, languages, math and history
1841-1883 Ludwig Most art
1847-1866 Paul Heinrich balm mathematics Mathematical historian, later paid city councilor and city school councilor in Stettin
1847-1855 Hermann Rassow later high school councilor in the Grand Duchy of Saxony-Weimar-Eisenach
1849-1852 Karl Sachs Languages, math, history created the Langenscheidt large dictionary French Sachs-Villatte with Césaire Villatte
1851-1856 Gustav Wendt Classical Philology later high school councilor in the Grand Duchy of Baden
1852-1859 Franz Kern German, languages
1852-1877 Hermann Graßmann Math, languages
1853-1857 Hugo Ilberg German
1856-1877 Albert Heydemann director
1866-1910 Karl Adolf Lorenz music
1871–1912? Hugo Rühl Sports
1873-1881 Hugo Lemcke Senior teacher
1884-1912 Martin Wehrmann Senior teacher
1914-1930 Carl Fredrich Director; German, history
1914-1945 Ernst Zahnow Geography, German and Romance studies
1919-1944 Wilhelm Bormes Academic Council; art

literature

  • Martin Wehrmann : History of the Marienstifts Gymnasium 1544–1894. In: Festschrift for the three hundred and fifty year anniversary of the Royal Marienstift Gymnasium in Stettin on September 24th and 25th, 1894. Herrcke & Lebeling, Stettin 1894.
  • Martin Wehrmann: History of Pomerania . Vol. 2, Friedrich Andreas Perthes, Gotha 1919-21. Reprint: Weltbild Verlag 1992, ISBN 3-89350-112-6 , p. 44ff.
  • Sylwia Wesołowska: The Princely Pedagogy or High School Carolinum in Stettin. In: Dirk Alvermann, Nils Jörn, Jens Olesen : The University of Greifswald in the educational landscape of the Baltic Sea region. Series: Nordic History. Vol. 5, LIT Verlag Berlin-Hamburg-Münster, ISBN 3-8258-0189-6 , pp. 105ff

Web links

Commons : II Liceum Ogólnokształcące im. Mieszka I w Szczecinie  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Andreas Erb: “Was it more harmful than useful to the high school”? - The “Speakers and Poets Society of Stettin” (1751–1753) . In: Baltic Studies . Volume 96 NF, 2010, ISSN  0067-3099 , pp. 67-80.
  2. ↑ Hans Vogel: Friedrich Schinkel and the Stettiner architecture of classicism. In: Unser Pommerland , Heft 8/1927, p. 351. (also contains a view of the building based on an old lithograph)
  3. ↑ Page no longer available , search in web archives: On foot through Szczecin@1@ 2Template: Dead Link / www.zamek.szczecin.pl