Kalinino (Kaliningrad)
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Kalinino
flour (birch mill ) Калинино
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Kalinino ( Russian Кали́нино , German until 1938 Mehlkehmen , 1938–1945 birch mill ) is a settlement in the Russian Oblast of Kaliningrad . It belongs to the local government unit Stadtkreis Nesterov in Nesterovsky District .
Geographical location
Kalinino is located in East Prussia in the northeast of the Rominter Heide on the left bank of the Pissa about ten kilometers east of Tschistyje Prudy (Tollmingkehmen / Tollmingen) .
Municipal road 27K-074 runs through the village from the north-west. From the Newskoje (Pillupönen / Schloßbach) , which is about 10 kilometers to the north-east, the place can be reached via the impassable municipal road 27K-091.
Until 1945 Mehlkehmen (Birkenmühle) was a train station at the Gumbinnen – Goldap .
Place name
In 1539 there was the name Mylkeym , in 1564 Milkiem was handed down. The Baltic name indicates the distribution of blueberries or blue-colored herbs.
history
Mehlkehmen belonged to the district of Goldap from 1818 to 1841 , then until 1945 to the district of Stallupönen (1938–1945 district of Ebenrode) in the Gumbinnen administrative district in the Prussian province of East Prussia . On June 24, 1874, the administrative districts of Mehlkehmen were formed from the rural communities of Klein Lengmeschken, Mehlkehmen, Messeden and Sobeitschen .
The three municipalities were incorporated into the municipality of Mehlkehmen on October 1, 1937, so that the administrative district of Mehlkehmen only consisted of the municipality of Mehlkehmen. In the period from 1938 to 1945 the place had the Germanized name Birkenmühle , the district was renamed accordingly .
In September 1914 German and Russian troops fought for the village. It had 711 inhabitants in 1885, 670 in 1910 and 1,075 in 1939.
Since 1947 the place has been called Kalinino , which is more common in Russia. At the same time Kalinino became the seat of a village soviet in Nesterow district . From 2008 to 2018 Kalinino belonged to the rural municipality of Tschistoprudnenskoje selskoje posselenije and since then to the urban district of Nesterow.
Kalininski selski Sowet / okrug 1947–2008
The village soviet Kalininski selski Sowet (ru. Калининский сельский Совет) was established in June 1947. As a result of the on-site relocation of the headquarters of the Tschistoprudnenski selski Sowet from Nassawen to Tollmingkehmen / Tollmingen, the Kalininski selski Sowet took the southeast corner of the Nesterow Raion (and thus the Kaliningrad Oblast). In 1954 the Repinski selski Sowet (Egglenischken / Tannenmühl) was connected to the Kalininski selski Sowet. In this village soviet there was an exchange of the Russian decree name with the Chkalovsky selski sovet . After the collapse of the Soviet Union , the administrative unit existed as the village district Kalininski selski okrug (ru. Калининский сельский округ). In 2008 the remaining places in the village district were incorporated into the newly formed rural community Tschistoprudnenskoje selskoje posselenije.
| Place name | Name until 1947/50 | Remarks |
|---|---|---|
| Andrejewka (Андреевка) | Klein Schwentischken, 1938–1945: Kleinschanzenort | The place was renamed in 1947 and connected to the place Pugachovo before 1975. |
| Borowikowo (Боровиково) | Szinkuhnen / Schinkuhnen, 1938–1945: Schenkenhagen |
The place was renamed in 1947. |
| Goncharovka (Гончаровка) | Girnischken, 1938–1945: Lichtentann | The place was renamed in 1947 and abandoned before 1975. |
| Ilyinka (Ильинка) | Disselwethen, 1938–1945: Disselberg | The place was renamed in 1950 and initially belonged to the Repinski village soviet. It was abandoned before 1975. |
| Ilyinskoye (Ильинское) | Cash booths | The place was renamed in 1947 and initially belonged to the Repinski village soviet. |
| Jakowlewka (Яковлевка) | Pellkawen, 1938-1945: Pellkauen | The place was renamed in 1947 and abandoned before 1988. |
| Yaroslavka (Яковлевка) | ? | The place was renamed in 1947. Лескенен (Leskenen) was specified as the German place . If the place existed, it was abandoned before 1975. |
| Emelyanovka (Емельяновка) | Schackummen, 1938–1945: Eichkamp | The place was renamed in 1950 and was initially part of the Chistoprudensky Village Soviet . It was left before 1988. |
| Kalinino (Калинино) | Mehlkehmen, 1938–1945: Birkenmühle | Administrative headquarters |
| Lessistoje (Лесистое) | Nassawen | The place was renamed in 1947. |
| Mayak (Маяк) | Dobauen | The place was renamed in 1947 and abandoned before 1975. |
| Malo- Sadorozhnoye (Мало-Задорожное) |
Germingkehmen, 1938–1945: Germingen | The place was renamed in 1947 and initially belonged to the Repinski village soviet. It was abandoned before 1975. |
| Priosjornoje (Приозёрное) | Groß Kallweitschen, 1938–1945: Kornberg | The place was renamed in 1947 and abandoned before 1975. |
| Pugachovo (Пугачёво) | Groß Schwentischken, 1938–1945: Schanzenort | The place was renamed in 1947. |
| Repino (Репино) | Egglenischken, 1938–1945: Tannenmühl | The place was renamed in 1947 and was initially the administrative seat of the village soviet Repinski. It was left before 1988. |
| Rybino (Рыбино) | Wyszupönen / Wischupönen, 1938–1945: Kaltensee | The place was renamed in 1947 and abandoned before 1975. |
| Sadorozhnoye (Задорожное) | Girnuhnen, 1938–1945: Rehbusch | The place was renamed in 1947 and initially belonged to the Repinski village soviet. It was deleted from the location register in 1997. |
| Zarechnoye (Заречное) | Groß Lengmeschken, 1938–1945: Lengen | The place was renamed in 1947 and initially belonged to the Repinski village soviet. It was abandoned before 1975. |
| Shaftnoe (Шахтное) | Groß Grigalischken, 1938–1945: Ellerbach | The place was renamed in 1950 and abandoned before 1975. |
| Znamenka (Знаменка) | Lie | The place was renamed in 1947 and initially belonged to the Repinski village soviet. |
| Uvarowo (Уварово) | Ribbenischken, 1938-1945: Ribbenau | The place was renamed in 1950. |
| Wojkowo (Войково) | Kajutkehmen, 1938–1945: Dürrfelde | The place was renamed in 1950 and abandoned before 1975. |
The place called Lukjanowka (Dumbeln) , which was renamed in 1947 and was initially also included in the Kaliniski selski Sowet, then (before 1975) came to the Pokryschkinski selski Sowet .
The place Szittkehmen / Wehrkirchen got a Russian name, namely Saslonowo (Заслоново), which came to Poland as ytkiejmy .
church
Church building
The church from 1603, in its current form from 1699 to 1706, is in an advanced state of decline. She survived the Second World War unscathed. In the Soviet Union it was made into a warehouse for agricultural equipment. The windows were walled up and the roof covered with asbestos-cement tiles . A water pressure accumulator was installed in the tower.
In 1996 the building was given to the Russian Orthodox Church . Their plan to repair the church has not yet been realized.
Parish
Before 1945, a predominantly Protestant population lived in Mehlkehmen / Birkenmühle . The parish Mehlkehmen was detached from Pillupönen (1938–1946 Schloßbach , today Russian: Newskoje) and made independent. Kassuben (Iljinskoje), which became its own parish seat from 1897 , was connected with flour .
Mehlkehmen belonged to the church district Stallupönen (1938–1946 Ebenrode , today Russian: Nesterow) in the church province of East Prussia of the Protestant Church of the Old Prussian Union until 1945 .
After 1945 the church life of the evangelical community in Kalinino came to a complete standstill. In the 1990s, due to the resettlement of Germans from Russia, a new Evangelical group was formed, which today is a parish in the Evangelical Lutheran provost of Kaliningrad in the Evangelical Lutheran Church of European Russia (ELCER). The responsible rectory is in Gussew (Gumbinnen) and is provided by two clergymen from the Salzburg church there .
Pastor 1692–1945
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literature
- Statistical news from the Mehlkemen parish, Goldapp district, for the period 1763–1832 . In: Prussian provincial sheets . Volume 10, Koenigsberg 1833, pp. 728-736.
- Wilhelm Schröder: History of the Protestant Church to flour grains in Litthauen . In: Preußischen Provinzialblätter , Volume 15, Königsberg 1836, pp. 217–235 ( Online, Google ) and pp. 321–348 ( Online, Google ).
- Friedwald Moeller: Old Prussian Evangelical Pastors' Book from the Reformation to the Expulsion in 1945 , Hamburg 1968
Web links
- Photo of the church of Mehlkehmen from 2000, by Joost Lemmens
- Church picture Kalinino from 2008
- Memorial stone in Mehlkehmen / Kalinino
- Kalinino - flour flour / birch mill
- District Mehlkehmen / Birkenmühle
Individual evidence
- ↑ Itogi Vserossijskoj perepisi naselenija 2010 goda. Kaliningradskaya oblastʹ. (Results of the 2010 all-Russian census. Kaliningrad Oblast.) Volume 1 , Table 4 (Download from the website of the Kaliningrad Oblast Territorial Organ of the Federal Service for State Statistics of the Russian Federation)
- ↑ a b The Указ Президиума Верховного Совета РСФСР от 17 июня 1947 г. "Об образовании сельских советов, городов и рабочих поселков в Калининградской области" (Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the RSFSR of 17 June 1947: On the Formation of village Soviets , Cities and workers' settlements in Kaliningrad Oblast)
- ↑ Through the Указ Президиума Верховного Совета РСФСР от 16 июня 1954 г. № 744/54 «Об объединении сельских советов Калининградской области» (Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the RSFSR of June 16, 1954, No. 744/54: About the Kalovradet Oblast Association)
- ↑ According to a Soviet decree, this place should actually be called Tschkalowo , but it was exchanged with Enzuhnen on site (see Tschkalowo (Kaliningrad) ).
- ^ After it no longer appeared in the register of places as of 1988.
- ^ Wilhelm Schröder: History of the Protestant Church to Mehlkemen in Litthauen . In: Preußischen Provinzialblätter , Volume 15, Königsberg 1836, p. 328.