List of scientists of the ancient world
This is a list of ancient scientists , which consists of mathematicians, physicists, astronomers, grammarians, philologists, doctors, geographers, engineers, architects of the ancient world.
A.
- Helenius Acron , Roman grammarian and commentator
- Adrastos of Kyzikos , mathematician
- Lucius Aelius Stilo Praeconinus , Roman philologist
- Ailios Herodianos , Greek grammarian
- Anatolios of Laodicea , mathematician
- Anaxagoras , Greek philosopher (pre-Socratics)
- Anthemios von Tralleis , mathematician and architect, Byzantium
- Antimachus of Colophon , Greek poet and grammarian
- Apollonios Dyskolos , Greek grammarian
- Apollodorus of Athens , grammarian and writer
- Apollodorus of Damascus , architect
- Apollonius eidograph , Greek grammarian
- Archytas of Taranto , mathematician
- Aristarchus of Samos , astronomer
- Aristarchus of Samothrace , Greek grammarian
- Aristophanes of Byzantium , Greek grammarian
- Aristotheros , mathematician
- Aristoxenus , mathematician
- Arusianus Messius , Roman grammarian
- Asconius Pedianus , Roman commentator on classical texts and grammarian
- Apollonios von Perge , Greek mathematician
- Apollonios of Rhodes , Greek poet and scholar
- Archimedes , Greek mathematician, physicist and engineer
- Aristarchus of Samos , Greek astronomer and mathematician
- Aristotle , Greek philosopher and scientist
- Artemidore of Ephesus , geographer
- Athenaios , Greek rhetorician and grammarian
- Attalos of Rhodes , mathematician and astronomer
- Autolykos von Pitane , Greek astronomer and mathematician
B.
- Balbus (Agrimensor)
- Baudhayana , Indian mathematician
- Bion von Abdera , mathematician, philosopher
- Bryson of Herakleia , philosopher and mathematician
C.
- Publius Valerius Cato , Roman poet and grammarian
- Aulus Cornelius Celsus , medic
- Censorinus , Roman grammarian
- Charmandros , mathematician
- Flavius Sosipater Charisius , Roman grammarian
D.
- Deinostratos , Greek mathematician and geometer
- Democritus , Greek natural philosopher (pre-Socratics), atomist
- Didymos Chalkenteros , Greek grammarian
- Dikaiarchos , mathematician, geographer
- Diogenianos Grammatikos , Greek grammarian
- Diocles (mathematician)
- Diomedes Grammaticus , Eastern Roman grammarian
- Dion of Naples , mathematician
- Dionysios Iambos , Greek grammarian
- Dionysios Thrax , Greco-Thracian grammarian
- Diophantos of Alexandria , Greek mathematician
- Pedanios Dioskurides , doctor and pharmacologist
- Aelius Donatus , Roman grammarian and rhetoric teacher
- Dositheos (mathematician)
E.
- Empedocles , natural philosopher (four-element theory)
- Epaphroditus (Agrimensor)
- Erasistratos , Greek anatomist and physiologist
- Eratosthenes , versatile scholar, including mathematician, geographer, astronomer, grammarian and historian
- Eudoxos of Knidos , Greek mathematician, astronomer, geographer, doctor, philosopher and lawgiver
- Euclid , Greek mathematician
- Eupalinos , engineer
- Eutokios , mathematician
- Eutychios Proklos , grammarian from Numidia
F.
- Marcus Verrius Flaccus , Roman grammarian
- Marcus Cornelius Fronto , Roman grammarian, rhetorician and lawyer
G
- Galen of Pergamon , Greek ancient physician and anatomist
- Aulus Gellius , Roman writer and grammarian
- Geminos of Rhodes , mathematician
H
- Helicon of Kyzikos , mathematician
- Heron of Alexandria , Greek mathematician and engineer
- Herennios Philon (Philon of Byblos), Phoenician scholar, grammarian and historian
- Herophilos of Chalcedon , Phoenician scholar, grammarian and historian
- Hipparchus , Greek astronomer and geographer
- Hippasus of Metapontium , mathematician
- Hippocrates of Chios , Greek mathematician and astronomer
- Hippocrates of Kos , Greek medic
- Hypatia , mathematician, astronomer and philosopher of late antiquity.
- Hypsikles , mathematician
I.
- Isidore of Seville , Spanish scholar and writer
- Isocrates , Greek rhetorician and philosopher
K
- Callimachus , Hellenistic poet, scholar and Alexandrian librarian
- Callippos of Kyzikos , mathematician
- Kallistratos (grammarian) , Greek grammarian
- Karpos of Antioch , mathematician
- Kephalas , Byzantine scholar
- Kidinnu , Chaldean astronomer
- Konon of Samos , mathematician
- Krates von Mallos , Greek philosopher and grammarian
- Ktesias of Knidos , Greek doctor and historian
- Ktesibios , Greek technician, inventor and mathematician
L.
- Leucippus , philosopher and atomist
- Lycophron from Chalkis , Greek grammarian and poet
- Lysanias of Cyrene , Greek grammarian
M.
- Macrobius Ambrosius Theodosius , late antique Roman philosopher and grammarian
- Terentianus Maurus , Latin grammarian and theoretician of metrics
- Menaichmos (mathematician)
- Menelaus (mathematician)
- Moschos , ancient Greek grammarian and bucolic poet
- Moses von Choren , Armenian historian of late antiquity
- Menaichmos , Greek mathematician
- Menaichmos of Sicyon , Greek historian (4th century BC)
N
- Nabu-rimanni , Chaldean astronomer
- Nicandros from Colophon , Greek doctor, grammarian and poet
- Nikanor from Alexandria , Greek grammarian
- Nikanor from Kos , Greek grammarian
- Nikanor from Cyrene , Greek grammarian
- Nikokles (rhetorician) , Greek grammarian and rhetorician from Sparta
- Nicomachus of Gerasa , mathematician
- Nicomedes , Greek mathematician
- Marcus Junius Nipsus , Agrimensor
- Nonius Marcellus , late Roman grammarian and lexicographer
O
- Oinopides , mathematician and astronomer
P
- Pamphilus of Alexandria , Greek grammarian and lexicographer
- Pappos , Greek mathematician (geometer)
- Pausanias , geographer
- Phaedo of Elis , a Greek philosopher
- Philetas , Greek poet and grammarian from Kos
- Philo of Byzantium , inventor, designer and author
- Philo of Gadara , mathematician
- Pingala (grammarian) , Indian grammarian and mathematician
- Plato , Greek philosopher, mathematician
- Photios I , Greek grammarian, rhetorician, philosopher and theologian and Patriarch of Constantinople
- Pliny the Elder , naturalist
- Pomponius Porphyrio , ancient grammarian and author of a commentary on Horace
- Claudius Ptolemy , Greek mathematician, geographer, astronomer, astrologer, music theorist and philosopher
- Priscian , late antique Latin grammarian
- Marcus Valerius Probus , Latin grammarian
- Pythagoras , ancient Greek philosopher (pre-Socratics), mathematician
S.
- Serenus of Antinoupolis , mathematician
- Maurus Servius Honoratius , Roman philologist
- Solinus , Roman philologist
- Soudines , Babylonian astronomer
- Stephanos (7th century grammarian ) , Byzantine grammarian
- Stephanos of Byzantium , late antique Greek grammarian
- Johannes Stobaios , author and collector of ancient philosophical records and doctrines
- Strabon , geographer
T
- Thales , Greek mathematician and philosopher
- Theaetetos , Greek mathematician
- Theodoros von Asine , philosopher (Neoplatonist), 4th century AD
- Theodoros of Cyrene (mathematician) , Greek mathematician
- Theodoros of Phokaia , Greek architect, 4th century BC. BC architect of the Tholos in Delphi
- Theodoros of Samos , Greek architect, versatile inventor, and artist, 6th century BC Chr.
- Theodoros von Soloi , Greek platonist and mathematician
- Theodosius of Bithynia , mathematician
- Theon of Alexandria , ancient astronomer and mathematician
- Theon of Smyrna , mathematician
- Thymaridas of Paros , mathematician
- Tryphon (grammarian) , grammarian from Alexandria
V
- Marcus Terentius Varro , Roman polyhistor (grammarian, philosopher and historian)
- Marius Victorinus , late antique Roman rhetorician and Christian scholar
- Victorius of Aquitaine , mathematician
- Vitruvius , Roman architect
X
- Xenophanes , pre-Socratic philosopher and poet of ancient Greece, contribution to paleontology
Z
- Zenodorus (mathematician)
- Zeno of Sidon , mathematician
- Zenodotos of Ephesus , Greek grammarian
See also
- Historian
- Philosophers