Petrozavodsk
city
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List of cities in Russia |
Petrozavodsk ( Russian Петрозаво́дск ; Karelian , Finnish and Vepsian Petroskoi ) is the capital of the Republic of Karelia , Russia , with 261,987 inhabitants (as of October 14, 2010). It is located on Lake Onega around 400 km northeast of Saint Petersburg .
history
Beginnings
Archaeological finds in the urban area prove that there was a settlement on the site of Petrozavodsk about 7000 years ago. Today's city emerged from the villages that had been on the local shores of Lake Onega since the Middle Ages.
Foundation of the city
The Solomennoje district was mentioned as early as the 16th century. However, the city of Petrozavodsk itself was only founded in 1703 with the construction of the iron and cannon works ( petrozawod = "the Peter factory") on the Lossossinka river . War material for the Northern Wars was produced there. The settlement in which the workers lived grew around the plant.
On March 21, 1777 Petrozavodsk received city rights. As a result, the city was named the center of the Olonez Governorate in 1781 . In the first half of the 19th century, Petrozavodsk became a bishopric. In the course of the century it also developed into a place of exile for political opponents of the Russian tsar .
1917 to 1991
After the October Revolution of 1917, Soviet power was established in Petrozavodsk in January 1918. In 1920 the city became the capital of the Karelian Workers' Commune, in 1923 the capital of the newly founded Karelian ASSR , 1940-1956 of the Karelo-Finnish SSR .
During the continuation war between the Soviet Union and Finland , Petrozavodsk was occupied by Finnish troops from October 1941 to June 1944 and was called Äänislinna in those years . In the city there was the prisoner of war camp No. 120 for German prisoners of war of the Second World War. Seriously ill people were cared for in prisoner-of-war hospital No. 5879 .
Since 1991
Petrozavodsk has been the capital of the Republic of Karelia since 1991 . In 2013, Galina Shirschina was elected the city's first female mayor for the Yabloko party . In 2015 she was deposed by the City Soviet, her successor was Irina Miroschnik.
population
In 2010, 86.7% of the population were Russians. Other ethnic groups were Karelians with 9,889 people (4.0%), Finns with 4,493 people (1.8%), Belarusians , Ukrainians , Finno-Ugric Wepsen , Jews , Roma and other nationalities.
Population development (1897-2010)
year | Residents |
---|---|
1897 | 12,522 |
1926 | 26,000 |
1939 | 69,723 |
1959 | 135.256 |
1970 | 184,481 |
1979 | 234.103 |
1989 | 269,485 |
2002 | 266.160 |
2010 | 261,987 |
Note: census data (1926 rounded)
Nationalities (2002)
Culture
Petrozavodsk is home to the Petrozavodsk State University , to which the previously independent Karelian State Pedagogical Academy was incorporated in 2013 , the State Conservatory "Alexander Glasunow" , five theaters, including the Music Theater of the Republic of Karelia built by Yelisaveta Natanovna Chechik , three museums , several cinemas, including the Kalevala cinema built by Tamara Vladimirovna Kovalevskaya in 1978 , libraries and other cultural institutions.
Several music festivals are held in Petrozavodsk in summer. Including the festival "White Nights" for classical music and the rock festival "Wosduch" ( air ).
Since 1993 in Petrozavodsk in wepsischer language magazine Kodima issued, the main mouthpiece of the minority of the local Finno-Ugric wasp .
economy
In Petrozavodsk there are the wood processing industry, furniture industry, fish processing and shipyards.
traffic
Petrozavodsk is connected to the Russian metropolis Saint Petersburg via the trunk road R21 Kola .
Petrozavodsk Central Station is on the Murman Railway , which runs from Saint Petersburg to Murmansk .
Twin cities
Petrozavodsk lists the following thirteen twin cities :
city | country | since |
---|---|---|
Alytus | Lithuania | 2007 |
Brest | Belarus | 2002 |
Duluth | Minnesota, United States | 1987 |
Joensuu | Finland | 1994 |
La Rochelle | Nouvelle-Aquitaine, France | 1973 |
Mykolaiv | Ukraine | 2002 |
Narva | Ida-Viru, Estonia | 2011 |
Neubrandenburg | Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania, Germany | 1983 |
Portomaggiore | Emilia-Romagna, Italy | |
Rana | Nordland, Norway | 1992 |
Tübingen | Baden-Wuerttemberg, Germany | 1989 |
Umeå | Västerbotten, Sweden | 1976 |
Varkaus | Finland | 1975 |
Vagharschapat | Armenia | 2004 |
sons and daughters of the town
- Nikolai Solowjow (1846–1916), composer and music teacher
- Michail Perchin (1860–1903), goldsmith and workshop manager in the manufacture of Carl Peter Fabergé
- Wladimir Lebedinski (1868–1937), physicist and university professor
- Alexei Markuschewitsch (1908–1979), mathematician
- Nikolai Gussakow (1934–1991), Nordic combined athlete
- Tamara Manina (* 1934), gymnast and author
- Sergei Kislyakov (born 1950), mathematician
- Sergei Katanandow (* 1955), head (1998–2010) of the Republic of Karelia
- Yuri Dmitrijew (* 1956), human rights activist
- Vladimir Drachev (* 1966), biathlete
- Vadim Sashurin (* 1970), Belarusian biathlete
- Vitaly Tschernyshev (* 1981), Russian-Belarusian biathlete
- Dmitrij Vaľukevič (* 1981), Slovak triple jumper of Belarusian origin
- Timur Dibirow (* 1983), handball player
- Alexei Koslow (* 1986), national soccer player
- Artyom Voroshilo (* 1988), ice hockey player
- Vladimir Aceti (* 1998), Italian athlete
Climate table
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Average monthly temperatures and rainfall for Petrozavodsk
Source: Roshydromet
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Web links
- petrozavodsk.ru (only Russian)
- ptz.karelia.ru (only Russian)
- 300.ptz.ru (only Russian)
- ticrk.ru (English)
- petrozavodsk.de (German)
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b Itogi Vserossijskoj perepisi naselenija 2010 goda. Tom 1. Čislennostʹ i razmeščenie naselenija (Results of the All-Russian Census 2010. Volume 1. Number and distribution of the population). Tables 5 , pp. 12-209; 11 , pp. 312–979 (download from the website of the Federal Service for State Statistics of the Russian Federation)
- ↑ Erich Maschke (ed.): On the history of the German prisoners of war of the Second World War. Verlag Ernst and Werner Gieseking, Bielefeld 1962–1977.
- ↑ International and Inter-regional Relations - Petrozavodsk city administration. Retrieved November 30, 2016 .