Naundorf (Radebeul)

Naundorf Major district town of Radebeul Coordinates: 51 ° 6 ′ 40 ″  N , 13 ° 36 ′ 23 ″  E
Height :	109 m above sea level NN
Area :	4.28 km²
Incorporation :	1923
Incorporated into:	Kötzschenbroda
Postal code :	01445
Area code :	0351
Location of the district within Radebeul

Altnaundorf: View from the north towards the inn, around 1900

Naundorf , until 1923 an independent rural community and one of the ten Lößnitz localities , is today a district and a district of Radebeul in the district of Meißen in Saxony . It is located on the western outskirts and borders on Zitzschewig and Coswig , in the east it bordered on Kötzschenbroda , Niederlößnitz and Kötzschenbroda Oberort and Lindenau up to the northern city limits. The center of Naundorf as an oval village village with a corridor is the village of Altnaundorf, open to the north and south, with its 32 listed, gabled courtyards (see list of the listed farmhouses in Radebeul ), the old school and the memorial. The district had in 1900 a size of 428 hectares, it stretches from the Elbe meadows on the Vineyard corridor, which also includes the sky Busch heard north to the bush and forest corridor of the plateau northwest of Lindenau .

history

The first documentary mention of Naundorf in 1144

Altnaundorf: view from the south. In the foreground the Bismarck oak, which had to be felled in 2009 due to fungal attack and was replaced by a new tree

The place was mentioned as the earliest of all Loessnitz localities as early as 1144, as "altera Nuendorf, quae ultra Albiam sita est" in a document of the Roman-German King Konrad III. at the beginning of the reign of Henry the Lion and even before Dresden was mentioned . In this document from the time of the German East Settlement , a decision is made between the Bishop of Meißen and the Margrave of Meißen Konrad I about the ownership of some places in the Gau Nisan . It was determined that the village would remain in the possession of the bishop, but should be given as a fief to the son of the margrave. And that this "should remain legally binding and undiminished in validity in all subsequent times". The name of the village means "New Village", which points to a new Saxon foundation, which is therefore probably younger than the places created by settling surrounding West Slavic foundations such as in neighboring Zitzschewig with its typical Elbe Slavic settlement form ( Rundling ).

Between 1292 and 1312 a ministerial named Heinrich von Nuwendorf is often mentioned, who also had a knight's seat (court position) in Naundorf.

From 1349 an inn , the Brauschenkengut am Anger , is proven. From this time on, in addition to the tavern, 9.5  Hufen of the village (of 16 Hufen distributed to Halbhufner), which belonged to the Dresden castrum , were lent to the Kundige patrician family from Dresden , who had a noble farm (Curia) there, which was owned by a farm man was farmed. In the 15th century the Kundiges owned the fiefdom of the whole village. An old field name in Naundorf, the pre-work piece west of the village, reminds of the property . At the same time, the Kundiges also owned goods in Zitzschewig and Wildberg .

In 1555, 57  owned men , gardeners and cottagers as well as 27 residents were counted in the village, which was subordinate to the Dresden office , and the village corridor consisted of 19 hooves. The village was parish after Kötzschenbroda. In 1569, Naundorf farmers purchased meadows on the left bank of the Elbe from the dissolved village of Gruna , on which the ramp on the left Elbe bridge was built in the 19th century . Until 1954, these areas belonged to the Radebeul district of Am Fährhaus .

In 1590 Naundorf became a manorial direct administrative village of Dresden after it had been under its administration since the 14th century. The community was allowed to fetch litter from the heather, for which it had to spend 57 sickle days in the Kammergut , the Ostravorwerk . For the electoral Hoflößnitz vineyard , too, ten people were required to do labor for one week during the grape harvest; Hoflößnitz also received interest fertilizer transports from Naundorf, which were offset with two groschen. Furthermore, logs for electoral buildings and wolf hunting services were to be provided.

Victims of the plague of 1637 were buried in the plague cemetery in Naundorf, between Großstückeweg and Horkenweg. The plague cemetery was named Gottesackerstück in the oldest land register (from 1801) ; the last burial took place there in 1689. During earthworks in 1926, some of the graves were cut.

August Christoph Count von Wackerbarth

Christian Gottlob Hammer : Vue de Wackerbarthsruhe aux environs de Dresden, prize sur la grande Route de Leipzig , 1805.
Wackerbartsruhe was on Naundorfer Flur until 1839, as was the pictorial foreground

Between 1727 and 1730 the imperial count August Christoph von Wackerbarth had his retirement home Wackerbarths Ruh ' built by the master builder Johann Christoph Knöffel on Naundorfer Flur, below the Bischofsberge he had bought , which was incorporated into Niederlößnitz in 1839 when Niederlößnitz was founded.

In 1742 the brewers of the Kötzschenbrodaer Niederschänke and Oberschänke as well as the inn in Naundorf sued the innkeeper of the Winkelschänke on the Liborius vineyard for serving beer from Cossebaude and Oberwartha without permission in his wine bar . The lawsuit was rejected, however, because "the Kötzschenbroda judges and Schöppen described the beer in their own taverns as bad and undrinkable".

The oldest known major fire in the village happened in 1748, when 15 farmsteads were burned down. The next major fire damaged eleven courtyards.

In 1764, 29 possessed men, 17 gardeners and 22 cottagers lived in Naundorf. There was a compulsory meal that each of the "16½  hooves per 12 bushels " of grain had to be paid in the ship's mill in Kötzschenbroda.

In 1775 Naundorf received fire extinguishing regulations that stipulated fire meals made of brick and hard roofing; In addition, she forbade walking around with burning pine chips or any other open light. At that time there were 31 wine presses in the village itself . Some of the vines were grown in the valley floodplain, which, however, “only produced a less sought-after wine”, while the harvest of the wines harvested in the higher and steep slopes resulted in “double prices”. After the bad harvests around 1800, the vineyards in the plain were cleared.

In 1787 Naundorf received a school building (Altnaundorf 40). In 1800 the population was 355, it rose to 1,866 by 1900.

As a result of the Wars of Liberation, Naundorf suffered in 1812 and 1813.

The oldest surviving above-ground structure after the fire of 1822: Altnaundorf 29 archway, dated 1597

In 1822 there was a devastating fire in the village, which destroyed all the houses on the Anger except five. The starting point of the fire was the Altnaundorf 3 farmstead, the farmsteads that were spared were Altnaundorf 19-23. One of the few remains from the time before the reconstruction is, in addition to the preserved cellar vaults, the gate of the Dreiseithof Altnaundorf 29 from 1597. The old schoolhouse also survived the fire. In the period that followed, the gable-facing farms were rebuilt “according to the same building principle”, which today gives the anger with the central village pond a “picture of rare unity” and explains the frequent dating of 1822 . The responsible pastor Flemming from the church in Kötzschenbroda arranged for a collection of donations for the benefit of the victims through a corresponding appeal in the Leipziger Zeitung . In 1890 numerous barns burned down again.

In 1839, with the founding of Niederlößnitz , the manors Wackerbarths Ruh ', Flywedel and Neufriedstein, located in the vineyard floor, were added to the newly created community of Niederlößnitz.

In 1876 the Naundorf station stop was set up in Naundorf on the Berlin – Dresden railway line , directly north of the Elbe crossing . The stop was upgraded to a train station in 1905 as Naundorf near Dresden . Today, Radebeul-Naundorf is a regional train and regional express stop. In 1878 the emperor's brewery and restaurant were built (Meißner Strasse 318), which closed again in 1910. Today there is a residential building and a car dealership with a workshop. The street An der Kaiserbrauerei at the back reminds of the brewery today . In the same year, the inauguration of the newly built school on Schützenweg, which replaced the old school and parish hall on Anger, until it was replaced by the new school in 1905. In 1894 the Kötzschenbroda post office opened a post office in the village.

Johannisberg manor house , on the right in the background the Johannisberg vineyard

The mechanical engineer and first automobile manufacturer in Saxony Emil Nacke (born October 29, 1843, Großwiederitzsch near Leipzig; † May 30, 1933) acquired the Johannisberg winery in Naundorf north of Meißner Strasse in 1897 , where he lived until the end of his life. The vineyard of the same name, which is now managed by the Saxon State Winery Schloss Wackerbarth , is the namesake for the Radebeuler Johannisberg vineyard .

In 1902 the residents founded the Naundorf volunteer fire department . In 1905 the school was rebuilt at Bertheltstraße 10 , replacing the schoolhouse that had become too small. In 1908 the Naundorf-Zitzschewig cemetery and the Johanneskapelle located on it were consecrated. The cemetery, located on Naundorfer Flur, is shared with Zitzschewig . The cemetery and chapel are a branch of the Friedenskirche in Kötzschenbroda .

Later Naundorf industrial area and the railway cross (lower right quarter), on a map published in 1906

In 1907, the municipal council decided to build the southwestern area of ​​the municipality on the border with Kötitz with a factory district with a rail connection and disembarkation point on the Elbe, supplemented by the necessary residential buildings. Emil Nacke had a "colony of approx. 75 workers 'family apartments" and a "civil servants' house" built there in 1911–1914 with the settlement of the United Strohstoff-Fabriken Coswig . In 1912, by taking over the area of ​​the bankrupt Victoria stamping and enamelling plant, another part of the Dresden Schnellpressenfabrik , located in Coswig at that time , was established in the industrial area in Naundorf , later the largest printing machine manufacturer in the GDR as the Planeta printing machine plant , today the Radebeul plant of the printing machine manufacturer Koenig & Bauer . In the 1930s, an even larger housing estate was built next to the settlement of the Landessiedlungsgesellschaft Sachsen .

In 1922 a war memorial was erected on the Anger .

In the early 1950s, the Lößnitzbad was developed from a quarry pond on Naundorfer Flur .

Population development

Before joining the neighboring municipality of Kötzschenbroda on October 1, 1923, Naundorf had 2,800 inhabitants. Naundorf became Radebeul's district when the town of Kötzschenbroda (today Radebeul-West ) merged with Radebeul in 1935 .

Population development

year	1550 (1555)	1750 (1764)	1802	1834	1849	1871	1880	1890	1895	1900	1910	1919	1923
Residents	312 (57 possessed men, gardeners and cottagers 27 residents)	350 (29 possessed men, 17 gardeners, 22 cottagers)	355	415	505	505	748	963	1,334	1,866	2,294	2,684	2,800

Community boards

• 1839–1845: Johann Gottfried Zscheile
• 1846–1850: Johann Gottfried Tronicke
• 1851–1856: Friedrich August Wächter
• 1857–1864: Christian Gottlieb Heller
• 1864–1872: Johann Friedrich Mohn († 1909)
• 1872–1874: Gottlob Loose
• 1875–1876: Ernst Grötzsch
• 1877–1882: Karl Friedrich Hadrach
• 1883–1895: Friedrich August Benedix (* March 24, 1850 - † October 22, 1904)
• 1895–1896: Hermann Lauenstein
• 1896–1902: Ernst Otto Haupt
• 1902–1903: Erhard Neumann
• 1903–1923: Selmar Prasse

Selmar Prasse was the first full-time community leader.

Cultural and natural monuments

See also : List of cultural monuments in Radebeul-Naundorf

The old school house from 1783

Altnaundorf: View over the pond, the school building in the background

The landscape protection area also runs through the narrow strip of Naundorfer Weinbergsflur. In 1999, with its dry vineyard walls , it was placed under the protection of regional monuments as the historical Radebeul vineyard landscape . This stretches from Oberlößnitz in the east via Niederlößnitz and Naundorf to Zitzschewig.

The Naundorf-Zitzschewig cemetery on the Naundorf corridor is considered to be an ancillary site for monument preservation . On it stands the Johanneskapelle, one of the monuments . listed. Not far away is the Johannisberg winery , whose manor house is also one of the architectural monuments.

What is remarkable about Naundorf is the well-preserved meadow of the original village center, almost all of whose farmhouses are listed . At the northern end of the Angers there is a war memorial , at the southern end of the Gasthof Naundorf , one of the five historical brewery estates of the Lößnitz, which, however, due to its poor condition, is not to be counted among the local monuments.

On the western edge of the community area of ​​Naundorf is the settlement of the United Strohstoff-Fabriken Coswig , a "workers colony" of the 1910s in the early homeland security style . Immediately adjacent are the “Volkswohnungen” of the settlement of the Landessiedlungsgesellschaft Sachsen from the late 1930s.

The garden plot of the listed two-sided courtyard An der Unterführung 5 was awarded the Radebeul Builders Prize 2001 in the category special prize for open space and garden design .

A "far and wide unique wall-like rock formation" can be found at the entrance of the Kottenleite, the beginning of the sky bush . It consists of gray-green syenite and brown-red porphyrite ; it is protected as a natural monument .

Personalities

Emil Nacke behind the wheel of a Coswiga, 1910

See also : List of personalities from the city of Radebeul

The first automobile manufacturer in Saxony Emil Nacke (1843–1933) acquired the Johannisberg winery in Naundorf north of Meißner Strasse on Kottenleite in 1897, where he lived until the end of his life. The vineyard of the same name, which now belongs to Wackerbarth Castle, is the namesake for the Radebeuler Johannisberg vineyard . Nacke was a successful winemaker. In the Kötzschenbrodaer General-Anzeiger of September 3, 1903, the phylloxera control commission confirmed : "... this beautifully laid out vineyard with a lot of donations deserves the highest recognition and the vines are characterized by extremely lush, vigorous growth." The Johannisberg was one of the few vineyards in the Loessnitz that were spared the phylloxera disaster due to their calcareous soil .

Until Niederlößnitz was founded in 1839, the Wackerbarth Castle estate was on Naundorfer Flur. This means that the people associated with the property until 1839 are also part of the Naundorf history, such as August Christoph von Wackerbarth , Joseph Anton Gabaleon von Wackerbarth-Salmour and the Raugraf August Josef Ludwig von Wackerbarth . Other Wackerbarth owners also belong to it, such as Christian Friedrich von Gregory , who also belonged to the Sorgenfrei house , the writer Carl Lang and his son-in-law Carl Vogel. His daughter, the writer and singer Elise Polko , was born at Schloss Wackerbarth. The educator Johann Peter Hundiker , who lived in the Lower Berghaus on Neufriedstein (also Naundorfer Flur, from 1839 Niederlößnitz), taught at Carl Lang's boys' education institution at Wackerbarth Castle from 1819 to 1823.

Industrial area Naundorf

Koenig & Bauer AG Radebeul plant, seen from Jacobstein (in the background)

Unitedprint.com production facility

Printing machines have been built in Radebeul for over 100 years. The sheetfed offset printing machine manufacturer Koenig & Bauer AG Werk Radebeul (formerly Planeta ), Radebeul's largest industrial employer with around 1375 employees (as of 2010), is located in the industrial area of ​​Naundorf . In 2008, the Radebeul plant of Koenig & Bauer (KBA) was awarded the Radebeul Builder Prize in the category for the refurbishment of "the building stock handed down from over a hundred years of factory tradition" including a high-rise office building in prefabricated construction and its functional "addition with architecturally sophisticated new buildings" Excellent building in existing buildings . Back in 2005, the KBA board member responsible for production technology, Frank Junker, who was responsible for the Radebeul site, was awarded the art prize of the major district town of Radebeul as a promoter of art and culture .

Since 2003, the company unitedprint.com SE (print24) has been located in the Naundorf industrial area, Friedrich-List-Strasse 3, which was created as a new facility after the MDH Meißen printing house , which was flooded in Meißen in 2002 , was closed. According to its own information, the company now has branches in 26 countries and employs more than 600 people.

On the property diagonally opposite, Friedrich-List-Straße 4, the Ellerhold Group , a manufacturer of printed products for indoor advertising founded near Nuremberg in 1987, as well as with large posters for outdoor advertising, for cardboard boxes, packaging and labels, some of which are also available Printing machines are manufactured by Koenig & Bauer. Ellerhold is represented with five production and twelve sales locations in numerous European countries. In 2013 a turnover of 80 million euros was achieved with 500 employees.

The ThyssenKrupp Stahl Service Center with ThyssenKrupp Schulte is located at Kötitzer Strasse 110. The leading steel trading company has existed there since 1926. The company traded as Dresdner Eisen- und Stahlhandel from 1949 , from 1967 as Metallhandel Dresden and 1969 as Metallurgiehandel and was taken over by Thyssen Schulte in 1990.

See also

• List of streets and squares in Radebeul-Naundorf
• List of cultural monuments in Radebeul-Naundorf

literature

• Frank Andert (Red.): Radebeul City Lexicon . Historical manual for the Loessnitz . Published by the Radebeul City Archives. 2nd, slightly changed edition. City archive, Radebeul 2006, ISBN 3-938460-05-9 .
• Volker Helas (arrangement): City of Radebeul . Ed .: State Office for Monument Preservation Saxony, Large District Town Radebeul (=  Monument Topography Federal Republic of Germany . Monuments in Saxony ). SAX-Verlag, Beucha 2007, ISBN 978-3-86729-004-3 .
• Moritz Eduard Lilie : Chronicle of the Loessnitz localities Kötzschenbroda, Niederlößnitz, Radebeul, Oberlößnitz with Hoflößnitz, Serkowitz, Naundorf, Zitzschewig and Lindenau with special consideration of Coswig and the other neighboring towns . Niederlößnitz 1893 ( digitized version ).
• Heinrich Magirius : Village centers in the Lößnitz - their historical and urban significance and problems of their preservation as monuments. In: Dresdner Geschichtsverein (ed.): Lößnitz − Radebeul cultural landscape. (= Dresdner Hefte Nr. 54), Verlag Dresdner Geschichtsverein, Dresden 1998, ISBN 3-910055-44-3 , pp. 62–68.
• Adolf Schruth; Manfred Richter (edit.): Chronicle: The administrative village Naundorf . Radebeul ( online version ( Memento from December 8, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) [PDF; 619 kB ] 1931; 1986/2010).
• Lössnitz and Moritzburg pond landscape (= values ​​of our homeland . Volume 22). 1st edition. Akademie Verlag, Berlin 1973, p. 151 f.
• Naundorf, near Kötzschenbrode . In: August Schumann : Complete State, Post and Newspaper Lexicon of Saxony. 6th volume. Schumann, Zwickau 1819, pp. 774-776.

Web links

Commons : Naundorf  - collection of images, videos and audio files

• Naundorf introduces itself
• Photos and scans of Naundorf at the Deutsche Fotothek
• The first documentary mention of Naundorf in 1144
• Location of the district at OpenStreetMap

Individual evidence

1. ↑ ^{a b c d e f g h i} Naundorf in the Digital Historical Directory of Saxony
2. ^ Radebeul-Naundorf: The first documentary mention of Naundorf in 1144
3. ↑ Lössnitz and Moritzburger Teichlandschaft (= values ​​of our homeland . Volume 22). 1st edition. Akademie Verlag, Berlin 1973, p. 151.
4. ↑ Wackerbartsruhe . In: August Schumann : Complete State, Post and Newspaper Lexicon of Saxony. 12th volume. Schumann, Zwickau 1825, p. 335 f.
5. ↑ Brief historical overview and chronology of the building on the website of the current operator
6. ↑ Lössnitz and Moritzburger Teichlandschaft (= values ​​of our homeland . Volume 22). 1st edition. Akademie Verlag, Berlin 1973, p. 152.
7. ^ Adolf Schruth; Manfred Richter (edit.): Chronicle: The administrative village Naundorf . Radebeul, S. 44 ( online version ( memento of December 8, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) [PDF; 619 kB ] 1931; 1986/2010). Chronicle: The district village of Naundorf ( Memento of the original from December 8, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  
8. ↑ Contrary to all other sources claims Lössnitz and Moritzburger Teichlandschaft. 1st edition. Akademie-Verlag Berlin, Berlin 1973 (Values ​​of our homeland. Volume 22). P. 152 that the old school also fell "to rubble and ashes".
9. ↑ ^{a b} Volker Helas (arrangement): City of Radebeul . Ed .: State Office for Monument Preservation Saxony, Large District Town Radebeul (=  Monument Topography Federal Republic of Germany . Monuments in Saxony ). SAX-Verlag, Beucha 2007, ISBN 978-3-86729-004-3 , p. 13 f .
10. ^ Railway stations in Saxony
11. ^ History of Naundorf
12. ↑ ^{a b c} Frank Andert (Red.): Stadtlexikon Radebeul . Historical manual for the Loessnitz . Published by the Radebeul City Archives. 2nd, slightly changed edition. City archive, Radebeul 2006, ISBN 3-938460-05-9 , p. 262 .
13. ^ Frank Andert (Red.): Radebeul City Lexicon . Historical manual for the Loessnitz . Published by the Radebeul City Archives. 2nd, slightly changed edition. City archive, Radebeul 2006, ISBN 3-938460-05-9 , p. 264 .
14. ↑ Justification in accordance with Section 21, Paragraph 3 of the Saxon Monument Protection Act on the statutes for the monument protection area "Historical Radebeul Vineyard Landscape"
15. ↑ Radebeuler Bauherrenpreis 2001. Category: Special price for open space and garden design. In: Radebeuler builder award. Association for Monument Preservation and New Buildings, Radebeul, accessed on April 27, 2012 . 
16. ^ Frank Andert (Red.): Radebeul City Lexicon . Historical manual for the Loessnitz . Published by the Radebeul City Archives. 2nd, slightly changed edition. City archive, Radebeul 2006, ISBN 3-938460-05-9 , p. 84 .
17. ↑ Petra Hamann: In the footsteps of Emil Hermann Nacke. Part 2: Searching for traces in Radebeul-Naundorf ( memento from January 10, 2016 in the web archive archive.today ), publication of the city archive in: Coswiger Anzeiger , November 20, 2003.
18. ↑ Radebeuler Bauherrenpreis 2008. Category: Building in existing buildings. In: Radebeuler builder award. Association for Monument Preservation and New Buildings, Radebeul, accessed on April 27, 2012 . 
19. ↑ Facts about print24 . , accessed April 27, 2012.
20. ^ Sächsische Zeitung from 22./23. November 2014
21. ↑ ThyssenKrupp Schulte: Welcome to our Radebeul branch ( memento of the original from May 9, 2012 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.