Schönau (Schönau am Koenigssee)

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Schönau
Coat of arms of Schönau
Coordinates: 47 ° 36 ′ 10 ″  N , 12 ° 58 ′ 59 ″  E
Incorporation : May 1, 1978
Postal code : 83471
Area code : 08652

Schönau is a district or a district of the municipality of Schönau am Königssee in the Upper Bavarian district of Berchtesgadener Land and was an independent municipality until 1978.

geography

Community structure

The former community of Schönau was divided into three districts or Gnotships :

Today the community is a district, Hinter-, Ober- and Unterschönau now districts or gnotships of Schönau am Königssee .

history

Original message of the same name from the Berchtesgadener Land

Panorama over the Schönau plateau with the mountains of the Berchtesgaden Alps

In the course of the “ Landbrief ” issued by Provost Ulrich Wulp in 1377 , Schönau, with the eight “Gnotschaftsbezirken” ( anonymous until 1817), Faselsberg , Königssee , Hinterschönau, Oberschönau I, Oberschönau II, Schwöb , Unterschönau I and Unterschönau II was presumably already from the end of the 14th century to one of the eight "original messages " of the Berchtesgadener Land . From 1155 onwards, the area of ​​the Berchtesgadener Land corresponded to the heartland of the Berchtesgaden monastery , which in 1380 had been elevated to the status of the Imperial Prelature of Berchtesgaden and in 1559 to the imperial provost of Berchtesgaden . Schönau is first mentioned in writing as a Gnotschaft, the area of ​​which roughly encompassed that of today's municipality of Schönau am Königssee , in the first tax book of the Berchtesgadener Land from 1456.
See also the section on this paragraph: History in the prince-provost of Berchtesgaden

Division of the original message into the communities of Schönau and Königssee

After the secularization of 1803, the Berchtesgadener Land lost its political independence as a prince provost , which was followed by three changes of rule in quick succession. In 1810 the Berchtesgadener Land was finally annexed to the Kingdom of Bavaria and Schönau was divided into the communities of Schönau and Königssee . The previous Gnotschaft districts of the "Original Gnotschaft" are still called "Gnotschaften" to this day.
See also the section on this paragraph: After the secularization in the Fürstpropstei Berchtesgaden

The municipality Schönau divided 1817-1978 in the three districts or Gnotschaften rear Schönau (formerly 3. Gnotschaftsbezirk) Oberschönau (formed from the 2nd Gnotschaftsbezirk Oberschönau I and 6 Gnotschaftsbezirk Oberschönau II ) and Unterschönau (formed from the 7th Gnotschaftsgebiet Unterschönau I and the 5th Gnotschaftsgebiet Unterschönau II ). The designations "Oberschönau I" and "Oberschönau II" as well as "Unterschönau I" and "Unterschönau II" for the former Gnotschaft districts were probably given in 1810 and given up in 1817 after they were merged.

time of the nationalsocialism

The Berchtesgaden district office responsible for the municipality of Schönau was renamed the Berchtesgaden district in 1939, with the same area of ​​responsibility.

In 1944, the valuable art objects and paintings were brought from the Göring train parked at the Unterstein train station in Unterschönau to the Hubertus house, which Ludwig Ganghofer used as a template for his novel Hubertus Castle .

Regional reform in Bavaria

On July 1, 1972, as part of the regional reform in Bavaria, the municipality of Schönau was incorporated into the new and expanded Bad Reichenhall district, which in turn was renamed the Berchtesgadener Land district on May 1, 1973 .

On May 1, 1978, the municipalities of Schönau (west of the Königsseer Ache ) and Königssee (east of the Königsseer Ache including the separate district Forst St. Bartholomä) were merged to form the unified municipality of “ Schönau am Königssee ”. Since then, Schönau has been a district of Schönau am Königssee .

politics

coat of arms

The municipality had a coat of arms from 1964 until its dissolution in 1978:

Coat of arms of Schönau
Blazon : "In blue a horizontal golden bow with a golden cord over two crossed silver carving knives with golden handles."
Reasons for the coat of arms: The arch comes from the coat of arms of Count Arco-Zinneberg , who lived in the community. The carving knives showed the importance of wood carving for many residents.

Culture and sights

natural beauties

Buildings

As far as known and relevant, only all structures in the Schönau district are listed here.

Hubertuskapelle in winter, 2011

→ See also: List of architectural monuments in Schönau am Königssee

Sacred building

Evangelical Lutheran

The Hubertus Chapel was consecrated as a Roman Catholic church in 1761 and 1797 , but sold in 1860 to a private person who used it for purposes other than intended. Since 1957, it has served as a place of worship for the Evangelical Lutheran Congregation Berchtesgaden , which finally acquired the building in 2010 and then had it completely restored.

Roman Catholic

Mary's Seven Pain is the parish church of the Roman Catholic parish Unterstein / Schönau am Königssee . The foundation stone was laid on August 21, 1932 in the presence of Auxiliary Bishop Johannes Schauer, and the church was presumably consecrated on March 26, 1933 by Cardinal Michael von Faulhaber . From the demolished Graf Arco church , components for the new building and the entire (old) interior furnishings were taken over for financial reasons, but also for reasons of piety.

Other chapels of the Roman Catholic parish Unterstein / Schönau am Königssee in the district of Schönau are:

  • Graben chapel (Kapellenweg in Schönau, field chapel, with roof turret, 18th century, with furnishings; belonging to the grave fiefdom, included as a monument in the Bavarian monument list)
  • Unterartenreitlehen chapel (also: Zulehen chapel , Artenreitweg in Schönau, built in 1972)
  • Vorderbrand Chapel (The "am Vorderbrand" chapel is one of the most famous chapels in the parish. Equipped with a statue of Mary, donated on May 10, 1884 by "Mountain Friends and Admirers of the Madonna")

Facilities

Oberschönau is the seat of the municipal administration of Schönau am Königssee and the rectory of the Roman Catholic parish .

The world's first artificial ice rink for luge , bobsleigh and skeleton is located in Unterschönau ( see: Königssee artificial ice rink ).

From 1909 to 1965 the Königsseer Bahnhof was on the Triftplatz on the municipality and Schönau district boundary to Berchtesgaden, opposite the Berchtesgaden main station , and served as the starting point for the Königsseebahn to Königssee . The Triftplatz was also used for decades up to a regional planning procedure in 2009 for a fairground held every six months, as well as for flea markets and festival tents.

Sports and sports clubs

Individual evidence

  1. Joseph Ernst von Koch-Sternfeld: History of the Principality of Berchtesgaden and its salt works . Volume 2, from p. 27 f.
  2. Joseph Ernst von Koch-Sternfeld: History of the Principality of Berchtesgaden and its salt works . Volume 2, from p. 145 f.
  3. For "Ur gnotschaften " and tax book see Manfred Feulner : Maria Gern - Gnotschaft and community on behalf of the Maria Gern brass band . Literature and sources: berchtesgadeninfo.de, Market Archive Berchtesgaden, Dept. Maria Gern.
  4. Dieter Albrecht : Fürstpropstei Berchtesgaden - Statistical overview based on the status of 1698. I. District and Nursing Court Berchtesgaden. Chapter: Gnotschaft Schönau In: Historical Atlas of Bavaria . Part Altbayern, No. 7, Munich 1954, p. 28 and 29
  5. Joseph Ernst von Koch-Sternfeld: History of the Principality of Berchtesgaden and its salt works . Volume 3, from p. 121 f.
  6. Hellmut Schöner (Ed.): Berchtesgaden in the course of time - supplementary volume I. p. 456.
  7. ^ Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality directory for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes for municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer GmbH, Stuttgart and Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 597 .
  8. Adam Maltan: Chronicle of the community Schönau am Königssee . 1985, p. 107.
  9. erzbistum-muenchen.de ( memento of the original from March 1, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. On the history of the parish church of Mary seven pains with z. Sometimes contradicting or at least ambiguous dates @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.erzbistum-muenchen.de
  10. erzbistum-muenchen.de ( memento of the original from October 5, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. To the chapels of the Roman Catholic parish Unterstein / Schönau am Königssee @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.erzbistum-muenchen.de
  11. sgschoenau.de Homepage of the SG Schönau main association
  12. sgschoenau.de Website for the Postsportverein-Berchtesgaden within the SG Schönau