Sculpture in Val Gardena

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Saint Rupert In the Antonius Church in Ortisei in Val Gardena signed Johann Vinazer 1684

The sculpture in Val Gardena has a long tradition. The first sculpting dynasties, including the Trebinger family , emerged in Val Gardena as early as the 17th century . The progenitor Christian Trebinger was trained in Brixen.

history

The Vinazer family is one of the most important artists' dynasties, and its members were particularly active as medalists in Bohemia and Vienna and as carvers in Toledo . Martin Vinazer spent eight years in Venice and Rome for training.

Marcion Malsiner from Val Gardena worked in Venice between 1691 and 1714 as a sculptor with his own workshop as Marchiò Molziner .

Franz Runggaldier-Nevaves created the baroque crucifix and the depiction of the body of Christ in the parish church of Ortisei in Val Gardena .

The artists called "Fronc" probably came from the workshop of Franz Grünewald-Nudrei in St. Ulrich, born in 1667. Franz Grünewald attended the Academy in Vienna for six years. He left behind several sculptures, including crucifixes that are still in some private houses in Val Gardena.

The particularly well-known in France and in Überwasser-St. Ulrich, born Johann Dominik Mahlknecht , had a Madonna and four evangelists made in plaster for the parish church in Ortisei in Val Gardena as copies of his works. A bronze copy of the Tempsichore of Mahlknecht from the Ferdinandeum in Innsbruck was set up on a fountain on the church square in Ortisei ( illustration ).

Another picture carver who achieved a high artistic level was the academic sculptor Peter Nocker-Sabedin ; There is a statuette of him depicting a bishop in the Val Gardena Museum and a Last Supper is on display in the parish church of St. Christina .

At the turn of the 19th to the 20th century , the manufacture of church furnishings developed, thanks in part to many publishing companies and numerous workshops, which were exported all over the world. In addition to the sculptors, numerous barrel painters , gilders and primers were also active in many workshops in Val Gardena . One of the largest painting workshops was that of Alois Kostner from Gadertal in Ortisei and that of Christian Delago.

Many Val Gardena wood carvers or wood carving families specialized in special objects such as B. Figures of Christ; hence the name Herrgottschnitzer derives from . Maria Senoner Fill is one of them.

In Ortisei there were many draughtsmen with academic training who created the projects for the wooden altars made in Val Gardena.

Another sculptor dynasty in Val Gardena emerged from the Moroder family, especially in Ortisei .

Due to the Second Vatican Council , the demand for sacred art fell sharply.

The artist association UNIKA has been striving to maintain the art of wood carving in Val Gardena since 1994.

Most of Val Gardena's statues and also smaller wooden figures were carved from Swiss pine, which is abundant in the valley .

Art schools

Admission from the technical school in 1932

Numerous people from Val Gardena attended the academies in Munich and Vienna as early as the 19th century .

Jakob Sotriffer-Plajes attended the academy in Vienna and then took part in art classes in Ortisei in the first drawing school that was established in 1825 in the “Steifl” house.

The academic sculptor Ferdinand Demetz-Furdenan , Luis Trenker's grandfather , built a larger workshop in Ortisei, which was also recognized as an art school by the government in Vienna.

Many sculptors, mostly from the Ladin valleys, but also from the various valleys of Tyrol such as Josef Bachlechner from Bruneck, Valentin Gallmetzer from Obereggen and Josef Schieder from Klausen were trained in the Val Gardena workshops .

Val Gardena and the Academy of Fine Arts Munich

Numerous artists from Val Gardena and South Tyrol studied at the Academy of Fine Arts in Munich in the 19th and early 20th centuries .

This relatively high number of academic artists from a mountain valley enabled the qualitative upswing of the Val Gardena wood craft at the end of the 19th century.

The common point of reference of the Munich Academy enables an insight into and a more detailed examination of the history and style development of Val Gardena wood carving, which has not yet been well researched.

The following list shows the date of entry, the place of origin, the status of the parents, the age, the subject and the matriculation number:

  • Johann Burgauner , entry: April 4, 1845 from Kastelreuth, father master baker, 30 years, painting subject, received matriculation number on November 15, 1845. 330
  • Joseph Anton Mahlknecht , entry: November 16, 1850 from Überwasser-St. Ulrich, resident of Val Gardena in Tyrol, kk district court Castelruth, father of landowner, 23 years old, subject when enrolling: painting
  • Franz Prinoth, entry: November 19, 1850, registration no. 851
  • Vincenz Runggaldier, entry: May 18, 1861 from Svöden , father tradesman , 23 years old, class of antiquities , matriculation no. 1774
  • Franz Demetz, entry: October 30, 1862, age 26, sculpting class, registration number. 1880
  • Ferdinand Demetz, entry: December 16, 1866, father sculptor, 24 years old, sculpture school, matriculation no. 2295
  • Johann Moroder, entry: November 4, 1870, 26 years old, father of landowner, registration number. 2613
  • Leopold Moroder, entry: March 3, 1876, father of landowner, 25 years old, registration no. 03263
  • Emil Terschak , entry: April 24, 1876, father composer, 18 years old, class of antiquities, matriculation no. 3272
  • Josef Moroder-Lusenberg , entry: June 21, 1876, father of landowner, 30 years old, matriculation no. 3303
  • Franz Insam, entry: October 23, 1878 from Skt.Christina in Tyrol , father wood carver, 25 years old, sculpture school,
  • Hans Perathoner , entry: October 18, 1897, 24 years old, sculpture school v. Ruemann, matriculation no. 1742
  • Valentin Gallmetzer (* 1870; † 1958)
  • Robert Vittur, entry: October 30, 1907 from Ortisei , father church decorator, 19 years old, matriculation no. 3392
  • Guido Balsamo Stella, entry: October 18, 1909 from Turin, father businessman, 27 years, painting school v. Habermann, matriculation no. 3751
  • Wilhelm Obletter, entry: May 3, 1912 from Munich, age 21, B. Gundahl drawing school, matriculation no. 5069

Works

Crucifix, attributed to Franz Grünwald-Nudrei

Works of the Val Gardena sculpture can be seen in the Museum Val Gardena, in the parish church of Ortisei, in the parish church of St. Christina and in the cemetery of Ortisei.

Short biographies of sculptors from Val Gardena (selection)

  • Sepl Mahlknecht-Rainèl (* 1864 † 1944), pupil of August Runggaldier-Furdenan
  • Vigil Dorigo (* 1866 in Corte-Buchenstein † 1958 in Ortisei), pupil of Ferdinand Demetz - a work of his the Guardian Angel in the parish church of Ortisei - a pupil of the nephew Virgilio Prugger.
  • Giacobe Mussner-Scizer (* 1866 in Wolkenstein † 1932 in St Ulrich), pupil of Johann Dominik Demetz-Furdenan and Josef Moroder-Lusenberg at the St. Ulrich art school. He created the Andreas Hofer statue in the Andreas Hofer house in St. Leonhard in Passeier . Co-founder of the St. Ulrich art exhibition.
  • Michl Gaslitter (* 1870 in Seis am Schlern † 1932 in Ortisei), employee of the company "Gebrüder Moroder" in Offenburg .
  • Levisc Antone Insam-Tavela (* 1870 in St. Christina † 1932 in St. Ulrich), pupil of Alois Kostner-Stlujuc and Johann Baptist Moroder. His students were the sons Luis Insam-Tavella and Rudolf and many others. A nativity scene by Levisc Antone Insam is on display in the Val Gardena Museum.
  • Batista Moroder -Jumbierch,
  • Josef Kostner-Stlujuc (* 1870 † 1958) his students were the sons Sepl Batista and Ludwig. The monument on the grave of Josef Runggaldier-Passua in Ortisei is from him.
  • Josef Höglinger (* 1871 in Putzleinsdorf † 1933 in Ortisei), draftsman and ornament sculptor, apprenticeship in Ottensheim and Amberg Austria and with David Knottner (* 1857 † 1934). He also designed altars.
  • Filip Noflaner (* 1871 in Villnöss † 1955 in Ortisei), pupil of Ferdinand Demetz, taught his son Franzl and many others.
  • Heinrich Kostner (da Stlujuc) (* 1872 † 1958), learned sculpture from his father Batista and taught his own children Heinrich, Hermann, Friedl, Emmerich and Oliva.
  • Iocl Crepaz -Maidl,
  • Ludwig Moroder -Meune,
  • Marchiò Molziner
  • Anselmo Obletter-Lip (* 1879 † 1950), student of Sepl Obletter-Juaut and Franz Tavella . His son Arnold was also his student.
  • Albino Pitscheider-Menza (* 1877 in Ortisei † 1962 in Selva).
  • Tone Pitscheider-Menza (* 1879 † 1953), pupil of Ferdinand Demetz, worked in the workshop of Sepl Ruggaldier-Paussua, where he carved St. Anne in the parish church of St. Ulrich.
  • Friedrich Moroder-Rico (* 1880 † 1937), pupil of his father Josef Moroder-Lusenberg and his brother Batista. His students were the sons Bruno and Viktor.
  • Giuani Piazza-Cudan (* 1880 in Ortisei † 1948 ibid), student of Josef Moroder Lusenberg, was very careful about the aesthetics of his craft. His sons David and Luis, among others, also learned in his workshop.
  • Sepl Pitscheider-Menza (* 1880 in Ortisei † 1952 ibid), pupil of Ferdinand Demetz. His student was the son Hubert.
  • Gustl Runggaldier-Furdenan (August Runggaldier, * 1880 † 1940) co-founder of the artist association Val Gardena 1920. 1922 to 1933 head of the art school in Pinerolo Piemont.
  • Vijo Canin (* 1868 in Pedraces † 1946 St. Ulrich), was a pupil of Franz Tavella and worked as a master in the workshop of Verlegerei Ferdinand Stuflesser-Petlin with his son Bernard (1895-1966), a student of Filip Noflaner.
  • Siegfried Demetz-Feur (* 1868 in Ortisei † 1946 Ortisei),
  • Giuani Enrich (* 1881 Buchenstein-La Pli † 1970 St. Ulrich), worked in the workshop of Johann Baptist Moroder, where he was also considered a master. A relief depicting Christopher Columbus comes from him .
  • Valentino Sommavilla (* 1868 in Moena † 1946 in Ortisei) pupil of Ferdinand Demetz, in whose workshop he worked as a journeyman. His son Zenz and others were his pupils.
  • Paul Pescosta (student of Anton Runggaldier Passua (1856–1928)) also worked with Franz Tavella and was a master in the workshop of Pepi Stuflesser Petlin.
  • Gottfried Moroder-Doss (* 1887 in Ortisei † 1972 ibid), pupil of Alois Anton (Levisc Antone) Insam. His students were the sons Hermann Rudy and David (so-called de Go ).
  • Rudolf Vallazza
  • Hermann Moroder-Jumbierch (* 1889 in St. Ulrich † 1969 ibid) son of Josef Moroder-Lusenberg, pupil of Rudolf and Ludwig Moroder zu Lenert. He worked as a journeyman for many years in the Moroder Brothers company in Offenburg. His son Hermann and many others were students. He was a co-founder of the Val Gardena Museum. One of his works is the tomb of the Martiner family in Ortisei.
  • Vinzenz Moroder-Resciesa (* 1889 in Ortisei † 1980 ibid). Student of Luis Anton Insam and Rudolf Moroder-Lenert. His students were the sons Vinzenz and Hansi. Co-founder of the exhibition for arts and crafts in Ortisei in 1920 . 1920–1921 he created the stations of the cross on the forest path to Rasciesa . He also created a large oak figure of Christ for the cemetery in Ortisei.
  • Cristl Moroder-Levigi (* 1892 in St. Ulrich † 1968 ibid.) Was a student of Rudolf and Ludwig Moroder in the workshop in the Lenert house. His pupil was the son Eduard Moroder-Mureda.
  • Ivan Senoner
  • Luis Senoner-Tinderla (* 1892 in Ortisei † 1960 ibid), was a student of Luis Anton Insam (Levisc Antone) and his father Luis (1865-1917). His sons Luis, Bruno and Remo were his students.
  • Luis Kostner-da Stlujuc (* 1894 in Ortisei † 19674 [??] ibid), was a student of his father Luis and teacher of his son Luisl Kostner who attended the "Istituto d'Arte" in Florence and then at the art school in Ortisei taught.
  • Romano Stuflesser-Digon (* 1894 in Ortisei † 1973 ibid), was an ornament sculptor and learned from Josef Höglinger. The sons Pepi, Romano and Hansi met in his workshop.
  • Luis Demetz-Pilat (* 1899 in Ortisei † 1972 ibid), he completed his apprenticeship with Vigil Dorigo and was a journeyman with Vinzenz Moroder. His students were the children Nevin and Edith.
  • Sepl Obletter-Juaut (* 1900 in Ortisei † 1963 ibid). Did his apprenticeship with his father Josef (1873–1925) and Johann Baptist Moroder. Brother Eugen and son Josef learned from him.
  • Giuani Senoner-Luca (* 1900 in Ortisei † 1976 ibid) student of Vinzenz and Ludwig Moroder, also learned from his father Luis Senoner (1870-1929), in his workshop he trained the sons Hans Pepi, Carlo, Erich and Michl out. He was a very skilled Christ carver.
  • Luis Insam-Tavela
  • Caio Perathoner (dl Baga) (* 1905 in Ortisei † 1965 ibid) learned in the workshop of his father Ferdinand Perathoner (1871-1930), with Josef Pitscheider and worked with Hermann Moroder-Jumbiërch. Seven of his sons became sculptors: Ferdinand, Caio, Robert, Viktor, Ulrich, Herbert and Julius. The son Bruno became a painter.
  • Rudi Insam-Tavela (* 1908 in Ortisei † 1953 ibid) learned from his father LeviscAntone and his brother Luis Insam.
  • Rudi Moroder (de Gottfried) (* 1923 in Ortisei † 1958 ibid), apprenticed with his father Gottfried and in the St. Ulrich art school with Ludwig Moroder and Salvatore Li Rosi . It is known because of the 4.5 m high porphyry Alpino statue in Bruneck (built in 1951 and blown up in 1966). In 1956 he also exhibited at the Venice Biennale . He taught at the Selva Art School, but died at a very young age as a result of a war wound.
  • Luis Piazza-Cudan (* 1908 in Ortisei † 1977 ibid), apprenticeship in the workshop of his father Johann (Giuani) Piazza and in the art school with Ludwig Moroder and Balsamo Stella . He himself taught at the Ortisei art school. He was a co-founder of the Val Gardena Museum and died in an accident while falling trees. Piazza worked not only in wood, but also in stone Bellerophon and painted numerous watercolors.
  • Gabriel Senoner (* 1909 in Ortisei † 1978 ibid). Apprenticeship in the workshop of father Luis and brother Johann (Giuani). He trained the sons Oswald, Wilfried and Wilhelm . The son Wilfried then attended the Brera Academy in Milan.
  • Josef Mersa
  • Franz Mersa (* 1909 in Brixen † 1974 ibid). Son of Josef Mersa, he learned sculpture in the workshop of Ludwig Moroder-Lenert. He taught modeling at the Bressanone Art School for 24 years. In his workshop in Brixen he trained many sculptors from Val Gardena, including Harald Schmalzl.
  • Batista Walpoth (* 1911 † 1934), died in a hunting accident. Created the Christ of Sëurasas with Vincent Peristi.
  • Vinzenz Peristi (* 1909 † 1943).
  • Tone Anderlan (* 1915 in Ortisei † 1945 killed in the war).
  • Vigil Pescosta-Banch (* 1886 in Kolfuschg † 1981 Ortisei). He learned from Anton Runggaldier-Passua. In 1925 he received a prize in Paris for a St. Peter throwing the net carved into wood. He taught for 3 years in the art school in Padua and in Monza at the Università dell'Arte .
  • Ferdinand Demetz.
  • Josef Rifesser , also Joseph "Peppi" Rifesser (* 1921 in Ortisei)
  • Hans Sontheimer (1906–1981)

literature

Non-fiction

  • Wilhelm Moroder-Lusenberg: The market town of Ortisei in Val Gardena (1908) . Self-published, Innsbruck 1908.
  • Arthur Haberlandt : Wood carving in the Val Gardena , special reprint from the quarterly publication Works of Folk Art, Volume II, Issue 1. J. Löwy Art and Publishing Company, Vienna 1914.
  • JA Perathoner: About the age of the Val Gardena wooden toy industry. Schoolchildren 9th volume 4th year 1923. P. 294.
  • The Moroder, an old Ladin family from Val Gardena-Dolomites from the 14th to the 20th century. A contribution to Tyrolean family research. Committee for the printing of the Moroder Studbook, Ortisei in Val Gardena 1980.
  • Nicolò Rasmo : Gli scultori Vinazer: origini dell'attività scultorea in Val Gardena . Museum Gröden, Ortisei i Gröden 1989. 303 p. (Mostly illustrations - catalog raisonné).
  • Othmar Moroder: The Val Gardena handicrafts . Self-published, Ortisei in Val Gardena, printed by Fotolito Longo 1994.
  • Paulina Moroder, Eugen Trapp: L lëur d'auteresc te Gherdëina, 1700-1940 .Calënder de Gherdëina 2001, Union di Ladins de Gherdëina St. Ulrich 2000 (Ladin). Pp. 72-77.
  • Eugen Trapp: Art Monuments of Ladinia. Val Badia. Val Gardena. Fassa Valley. Buchenstein. Ampezzo. Publishing house Istitut Cultural Ladin Micurà de Rü, San Martin de Tor 2003, ISBN 88-8171-044-7
  • Elfriede Perathoner: Val Gardena nativity carving. Folio Verlag, Vienna-Bozen 2004. ISBN 978-3-85256-279-7
  • Erich Egg, Herlinde Menardi: The Tyrolean Nativity Book. The crib from the beginning to the present . 2nd edition Tyrolia, Innsbruck 2004, ISBN 3-7022-2604-4
The Holy Ulrich of Augsburg in the presentation of the sculptor Ludwig Moroder-Lenert in the parish church in Ortisei

Fiction

1961, wrote the Swiss author Andri Peer the Grison Romanesque short story L'intagliadur d'Urtischei ( The carvers from St. Ulrich ).

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Franz Moroder : The Val Gardena . 2nd Edition. Edited by the Val Gardena Section of the German and Austrian Alpine Club. Ortisei in Val Gardena 1914, page 157
  2. Evangelists by JD Mahlknecht on Wikimedia Commons
  3. Malia Obletter (Malia de Cudan): La scultëura de crisc. Calënder de Gherdëina 2002, Union di Ladins de Gherdëina, St. Ulrich 2001 (Ladin). P. 127.
  4. Vincent Mussner: Dessëniadëures tl artejanat de Gherdëina (draftsman in Val Gardena arts and crafts). Calënder de Gherdëina, Urtijëi, 1983 (Ladin) (PDF; 5.1 MB)
  5. ^ The Val Gardena art school Cademia History and development of a cultural bearer by Georg Demetz. ( Memento of the original from October 14, 2007 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (PDF; 194 kB)  @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.clubosttirol.at
  6. ^ Register book of the Academy of Fine Arts Munich
  7. Ortisei cemetery in Val Gardena on Wikimedia Commons
  8. Rudi Moroder, son of Gottfried . Südtiroler Kunstlerbund, Athesia 1988. ISBN 8870145107
  9. a b Pepi Moroder: Trëi scultëures de Gherdëina, morc te si plu biei ani, Vinzenz Peristi, J. Batista Walpoth, Prof. Anton Anderlan. Calënder de Gherdëina 1955. Union di Ladins de Gherdeina. Ortisei in Val Gardena 1955. p. 42 (Ladin)
  10. Calënder de Gherdëina, Union di Ladins, St. Ulrich 1976.
  11. Vincent Mussner: mostri scultëures de Gherdëina che à ziplà de bela scultures y che à nsenià ju lernri , Calender de Gherdëina, Ortisei, 1981 (Ladin).
  12. ^ Haberlandt: Text and Pictures

Web links

Commons : Sculptors in Val Gardena  - collection of images, videos and audio files