Breite Strasse 29 (Lübeck)
The listed building Breite Straße 29 in Lübeck , also known as (Musik) Haus Robert in the 20th century , is a stately Lübeck town house from the Rococo .
history
The property was in the hands of well-known Lübeck families almost continuously until the 19th century; the first verifiable owner was Segebode Crispin , from whom the future mayor Arnold Pape bought it in 1292 , from whom it passed to his son the mayor Hinrich Pape . From 1364 to 1387 it was owned by the councilor Hinrich Constin , and other councilors as owners were Reyner von Calven (1388), Ulrich Cornelius (1453 to 1464), Tönnies Diman (t) (1479 to 1498), Heinrich Köhler (1561 to 1563).
Berend Lorenz Groot bought the house in 1762 from his brother Hans, who had acquired it in 1751 and inherited it from him after his brother's death in 1777, but died in 1779, leaving the house to his wife and six children, who sold it the following year. Since it can be assumed that Hans Groot also had the same coat of arms as his brother, he could also be thought of as the builder. With the rococo that unfolded in all its supple movement at the portal and gable, those of the 18th century are hardly considered for Lübeck standards, as the comparison with the facade of the Buddenbrookhaus from 1758, which is even more composed in the spirit of the Baroque , shows. while, on the other hand, the facade of Wolpmann's house was still executed in pure rococo forms in 1773. In the years 1777 to 1779, when Hans Groot owned the house again, the influence of plait and classicism would have made itself felt. Hans Groot would also have that of his wife , Dorothea Elisabeth, born with his own coat of arms . Rathgeber , with whom he was married since 1745, have united. The years 1762 to 1776 come into consideration for the time of the execution of the facade, when Berend Lorenz Groot was the owner of the house.
Johann Peters bought it from the heirs of the above-mentioned Hans Groot in 1780, and in 1832 it was acquired by the higher appeal judge Gottfried Samuel Müller and, from 1919, Ernst Robert (1875–1932), who set up a company headquarters for his concert agency and music store, the Ernst Robert music house. After Robert's death, the Ernst Robert music store was continued by his stepson Erwin Lüddeke (1902– ??).
Building description
The house Robert , Breite Straße 29 , apart from the portal and the gable coronation, is simpler than the Wolpmann'sche house , but in its overall appearance especially stately with the greater height and the wider gable . The preferred location on Breite Straße near the confluence with the Beckergrube , from the corner of which the facade can be seen particularly well, contributes accordingly. The ground and first floors are clad with sandstone and the lower section of the facade is closed off by a cornice . The heavily weathered sandstone cladding had to be partly replaced and partly scraped off.
During the repairs in 1923, it became clear that the sandstone used was very different. In addition to the pure white Weser sandstone ( Obernkirchen sandstone ), which had proven to be the best, the brownish Saxon sandstone ( Postelwitz ) and the gray-green Gotland stone, namely the processing of some pieces on the reverse suggests that some of the material was re- used. This will particularly apply to the Gotland stone, which was otherwise rarely used in the 18th century , because its poor durability in earlier cases, namely when building the town hall and the chancellery , had not had good experiences with it. This variegation of the material is particularly striking in the ionic pilasters flanking portal to, and all the more so as the well in the renewal of defective parts robe and shanks the impression of Flickerei is not entirely avoided. In the originally empty rococo cartridge of the portal, the initials of the then owner Ernst Robert and under it Renovatum 1923 (now 1967) are carved . The original windows on each side of the portal, as in 1923 nor the Wolpmann'sche house had been, prior to the renewal by the usual large shop windows replaced, now with new Sandsteingewänden and a reasonable relief font facing the company fall from stone were provided . As can be seen in the picture opposite, it disappeared under plaster in 1967 . A Leutschrift was more effective in advertising at that time . On the first floor it would have been better, as Hugo Rahtgens once and apparently also intended, to make the stone carving as inconspicuous as possible in addition to the deep and wide joints in the rustication , especially because of the unsightly joint cut of the arch above the central window. The very damaged cornice had only been restored with a simplified profile.
The upper section of the facade with the second floor and a mezzanine floor as well as the gable floor had previously been thickly painted over in several layers with oil paint (most recently with imitation brick masonry ). This already very faded painting seriously impaired the character of the facade . After they were removed , the clean brickwork with the window arches came into its own in a very surprising way . The bricks show that which is rarely used in Lübeck , e.g. B. on the houses Petersgrube 13 and 19 from the end of the 18th century, but also in the 17th century on the top floor of the St. Jakobiturm , small Dutch format (4.5 * 1.5 * 22 cm). The partly badly damaged window frames were only rendered in plaster because of the costs . The lateral volute digressions of the gable storey, made of stone , originally also ended under the top cornice in flat, clinging volutes. Due to excessive weathering , they were removed and not renewed for cost reasons. This created a certain hardness in the cornice corners of the outline . The splendid crowning with the large cartouche from Oberkirchner Stein , however, was still in good condition and only needed to be scraped off a little .
The coat of arms in this crown, the effective showpiece of the facade, leads you to the builder of the house. In the lower half of the rococo cartridge modeled in moving shapes , it shows three carnations and above it on a crossbar three acorns on stems covered with leaves. It is the coat of arms of the Schonenfahrers and councilor Berend Lorenz Groot , born in 1717, died unmarried in 1776. His coat of arms is in the third pension book of St. Petri (now in the city archive ). The shield only shows the three carnations (green in red field), while the three acorns form the crest . Since the helmet is missing above the coat of arms of the gable, the helmet ornament is composed into the cartridge.
The Dutch brick format mentioned was only used as facing and for the gable masonry. In the lower parts of the facade, the back walling consists of the larger format that was otherwise used in the past . Perhaps parts of the facade of the earlier house are still used here. In any case, the sloping back gable, pierced by narrow arched gaps, dates back to the 16th century , and the mighty oak roof structure with 24/24 cm thick rafters is also of the same age . So the current facade is composed entirely independently of the roof behind it, only for the external appearance , in that the main cornice does not correspond to the roof beam system, but it is already above the 2nd floor ; the mezzanine above is already the top floor . The three large gable windows are also only decorative , they are cut through on the inside by the collar beam position of the roof (see picture opposite). However , it cannot be denied that this arbitrary arbitrariness, which can be challenged in a purely constructive manner, has brought a strong rhythm into the facade composition .
The house interior was simultaneously with the reconstruction in the 18th century newly divided . The ground floor then underwent a further transformation in 1923 by furnishing business premises and the construction of a new staircase . Schröder's handwritten "Topographie Lübeck" from that time gives the following description of the furnishings of the house, as it was still made in 1832 when it was offered for sale in the Schütting : "At that time it was down on the street on each side (of the entrance) a living room, one of which has an alcove , in the hallway the kitchen , pantry , wall cupboard and entrance to the two vaulted pantries under the kitchen and under the side wing ; on the first floor three interconnecting rooms with a cabinet and a room facing the courtyard; a servants' chamber in the gallery ; on the second floor a room with an alcove and five chambers, above three floors and a smoke chamber. ”The stairs were in the same place as after the 1923 repair, behind the front room on the right. Today nothing reminds you when you enter the house. The space was expanded to include the neighboring house, which was built after the Second World War and to which a breakthrough took place. It is a single large room that extends to the rear building. The three front rooms on the two upper floors with a cabinet next to the room on the right were still there in the 20s of the last century. Strikingly, however, these were very simple. At that time, even in more modest houses, there were abundant Rococo stucco plastering on the ceilings. As a rule, these were tolerated even in the period of classicism and were thus maintained. Two rococo brackets in the hallway leading to the courtyard were still preserved from the furnishings of the hallway that was completely built into that hall . Today the former courtyard is covered with a glass roof. The basement, which is divided in the direction of the depth of the house, is covered with two barrel vaults except for a rear cross-vaulted section .
Even the wing built on the left side of the courtyard, which contained the typical Lübeck ballroom and a room below , and two rooms and a chamber above, had nothing remarkable at that time either . In the second half of the 19th century it was extended to the rear building, which still belongs to the 18th century and was provided with a roof bay with volutes , which is clearly visible through the glass roof. This back building contained stables for two horses , a wood yard , a chamber and storage floors. At the end of the yard there was still a carriage shed , laundry room and wash house, running artificial water and a pump for groundwater .
The restoration of this Robert and Wolpmann façade was carried out under the direction of the architect Ernst Scharrnweber from the construction company Blunck & Sohn in Lübeck , and in particular the in-house work was carried out by the sculptor Emil Köhne and the company Rechtglaub Nachflg. executed.
As if by a miracle, the house was largely spared the destruction of World War II by the air raid on Lübeck in 1942, because two phosphor bombs failed to detonate while the Bergsche Haus to the right burned out and damaged Robert's Haus when it collapsed. However, the interior of the front building was destroyed by fire on August 2, 1975 and was restored by the owner of the music house Ernst Robert, Erwin Lüddeke, and his architect Peter Kiefer . Another renovation took place after the Ernst Robert music store was closed by a Hamburg investor in the 2000s.
Wall paintings in the building
Inside the building, wall paintings from various periods of use have been preserved in the front building as well as in the rear wing.
References
literature
-
Two restored Rococo facades. In:
- Father Urban Leaves. No. 4, January 20, 1924.
- Father Urban Leaves. No. 5, January 27, 1924.
- Hartwig Beseler (ed.): Art-Topography Schleswig-Holstein. 5th edition. Wachholtz, Neumünster 1982, ISBN 3-529-02627-1 , p. 118.
- Rolf Saltzwedel : Musical instruments, sheet music and concerts - for the 75th anniversary of the Ernst Robert music house. In: The car . 1988, pp. 135-152.
Web links
Archives
- Archive of the Hanseatic City of Lübeck , BAST database (PDF; 1.1 MB)
Individual evidence
- ↑ Father-city sheets ; No. 5, issue of January 27, 1924, article: Two restored Rococo facades
- ↑ Dr. Ing.Hugo Rahtgens, research assistant at the building authorities , father of Karl Ernst Rahtgens
- ↑ Wall and ceiling painting in Lübeck houses 1300-1800, with documenting images, Breite Straße 29
Coordinates: 53 ° 52 ′ 9.7 " N , 10 ° 41 ′ 15.4" E