Ewersbach

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Ewersbach
community Dietzhölztal
Coat of arms of Ewersbach
Coordinates: 50 ° 50 ′ 0 ″  N , 8 ° 19 ′ 0 ″  E
Height : 341 m
Area : 10.48 km²
Residents : 2821  (Jul. 1, 2020)
Population density : 269 ​​inhabitants / km²
Incorporation : 1st February 1971
Postal code : 35716
Area code : 02774

Ewersbach is a district of the Dietzhölztal community in the Lahn-Dill district of Central Hesse with around 2800 inhabitants. The location at Dietzhölze , which gives the municipality its name , was first mentioned in 1302 as Ebirspach . Today's place Ewersbach consists of the three formerly independent places and districts Bergebersbach, Straßebersbach and Neuhütte.

geography

The place is on the Dietzhölze at about 350 m above sea level. NN, the highest elevations in the district are: Eibertshain (560 m), Oarnstroch (535 m), Gispel (528 m), Speckmann (526 m) and Herzogsruh (510 m).

Geographically, the place borders (clockwise) on Fischelbach , Almonds , Steinbrücken , Eibelshausen , Wissenbach , Weidelbach and Rittershausen .

history

Peasant women from the upper Dietzhölztal ( Strassebersbach ) in their traditional costumes ;
after Friedrich Hottenroth , in: Nassauisches Trachtenbuch , 1905

Early history

The defunct hill fort in the area of ​​the neighboring municipality of Rittershausen proves that the area around Ewersbach was already around 450 to 250 BC in the Latène period . Has been settled. Around 1912 the pastor Karl Nebe from Bergebersbach initiated excavations of the Rittershausen ring wall . Gustav Jung , the financially strong owner of the Neuhütte, helped . Many ceramic products, tools and jewelry were found under the direction of the Wiesbaden Museum .

Middle Ages and Modern Times

It is to be regarded as likely that Frankish king Konrad I, as administrator of the Haigergau, had the forest area around the Dietzhölze systematically settled together with the church at the beginning of the 10th century. The first written mention was made in a document dated June 27, 1303, in which the "hunting law in the Hebirsbach jurisdiction" was mentioned. The later pastor and local researcher Christian Daniel Vogel, born here, wrote about the origin of the place name that it derives from a stream that flows into the Dietzhölze here and reminds of the many wild pigs that live here in the woods. The spelling of the place name has already experienced many variations. The original Hebirsbach became Ewersbach, Eberßbach, Ebirschbach, Ebirspach, Eversbach, Ebersbach and finally Ewersbach again.

The original settlement center was "Ebersbach an der Straße". This settlement was mentioned in travel guides as early as the 16th century as a stage destination on the important west-east connection from Cologne to Leipzig . This was also the seat of the court mentioned in 1303, which consisted of a count or mayor and 12 lay judges, who were elected from the 10 municipalities of the jurisdiction. The court and place of execution was “Auf dem Stein”, in the area of ​​today's Steinbrücken . The lords of Bicken , the ruling noble family, had a striking church built "on the mountain" before the 12th century. At this church they also built a "castle", a fortified courtyard. At the beginning of the 15th century, a new village settlement developed around the church: "Ebersbach auf dem Berg".

From 1448, another village settlement developed in small steps: Waldschmiede built their new houses around the existing blacksmiths - the village of Neuhütte was created.

The Thirty Years' War did not leave the Ebersbach villages unaffected. The years 1624 were particularly bad with the raid of the band of bandits general Graf Anholt , 1634 with the murderous distilleries of the imperial Colonel Pago and his regiment Tilly and Eberstein , and 1646 with the plundering by the Swedish general Wrangel . Then there were the fateful plague years of 1627, 1634 and 1635 and the famine years of 1629 and 1636. In the middle of the 17th century there was great poverty in the Dietzhölztal. Bergebersbach had it twice as bad: In 1670 a large part of the village fell victim to a major fire. In 1698 another big fire raged in Bergebersbach, and in 1769 the next one followed, which again killed a human life, plus 60 buildings. The Seven Years' War from 1756 to 1763 passed the villages of Ebersbach relatively lightly. The villages of the parish were hit worse after the outbreak of the French Revolution . The then pastor Henrich Christian Dapping wrote in the church book: “Many French Quartered in the Ebersbach office, and through costly consumption of the same all municipalities got into deep debts. "

From 1725 the neighboring Tringenstein office was co-administered by the Ebersbach office. After the end of French rule and the Congress of Vienna , the Ebersbach office was canceled in 1816 and Dillenburg was assigned. In 1818 Straßebersbach and Neuhütte merged. On April 25, 1893, a major fire broke out in Straßebersbach due to carelessness, which in the area of ​​Hauptstrasse and the surrounding area destroyed 65 buildings, including 26 residential buildings. The willingness to donate to aid reconstruction in the surrounding villages was very high. This major fire and the great summer heat of the same year led to the water supply being reconsidered. Already in the following year in Bergebersbach the public wells at the bakery and the rectory were supplied with clay pipes that led to the sources of the elevated tank "Krämersheck". A few years later the central water supply followed. Since 1902 this already existed in Straßebersbach.

Electric light as street lighting was available in Straßebersbach as early as 1897. This seems to have made the Ebersbach family so positive that businesses and private individuals wanted to be connected to the “lighting network” just a few years later, which was also implemented from the end of 1905/1906.

First World War to the present

At the beginning of the First World War (1914-1918) there was no great enthusiasm for war in Ebersbach, which changed with the first victories in East and West. During the war, children from cities were repeatedly placed in Ebersbach, as the supply situation there did not seem quite as catastrophic. Towards the end of the First World War, the supply situation became increasingly difficult. Due to the labor shortage, so-called school columns were deployed to help the farmers with the harvest. Despite food rationing and the economy in shortages, the situation remained calm. A total of 14 young men fell from Bergebersbach in the First World War, another was missing, from Straßebersbach there were as many as 42 dead, three remained missing.

In the period that followed, residents suffered from ongoing inflation , which peaked in 1923. The introduction of the pension Marks all savings were virtually worthless, only land and property retained their value. In order to reduce the unemployment rate, which was extremely high at the time , so-called emergency work was carried out by men who had no work by order of the state. So were z. For example, between 1924 and 1926, the main road from Unterdorf to Neuhütte was channeled, partially regulated to prevent flooding of the Ebersbach, sidewalks were laid on the main road and further elevated tanks were built. The largest work of this time, however, is the construction of the reservoir . Hut director Jung was keen that “all of his unemployed” had jobs. At that time, Neuhütte had almost 500 employees, but production was as good as idle. The construction of the reservoir gave 30 unemployed people work and earnings for 466 days. The resulting reservoir has a size of 22,000 m², two turbines with 200 HP generated sufficient electricity and made Neuhütte and Straßebersbach almost independent of the power supply from the intercity center. In addition, the pond was used back then - as it is today exclusively - as a swimming pond, which should be available “free and free of charge for all times”. The pond has been owned by the municipality since 1987. In 1923 and 1927 a total of seven residential buildings and other associated farm buildings were destroyed by two fires beneath today's Volksbank.

From the end of the 19th century, there were more and more things in common between the independent villages of Bergebersbach and Straßebersbach: the water supply, electricity supply, the common nurses' station, schools, associations and times of need, such as the major fires in the villages. In spite of all skepticism and local patriotism, the decision was made in 1936 to establish the new, common Ewersbach community. At that time, Straßebersbach had around 1,460 inhabitants, Bergebersbach around 450. This was implemented on April 1, 1937 by government order.

The time of National Socialism did not bring any positive results for the community. Although the new government brought some economic upswing from 1933 onwards, it remained the same as everywhere: in 1945, hardship and misery ruled many Ewersbach families. After the Allies landed in the summer of 1944, the war began to draw closer and closer from the beginning of 1945. In winter a locomotive was shot at at Steinbrücken, Niederscheld was bombed again in February 1945, Wallau after October 1944 in March 1945. On March 15, 1945, an American bomber was shot down near Steinbrücken / Roth , five Americans died. On March 29, Maundy Thursday, American soldiers reached Ewersbach, misery and misery came to an end. However, a total of 151 young men died, and 49 more were considered missing.

Since it is strongly suspected that Ebersbach must have existed as early as the 10th century, Ewersbach celebrated the "Heimatfest des 1000-year-old Ewersbach" in July 1956.

The last political merger took place due to the regional reform in Hesse . On February 1, 1971, Ewersbach and Steinbrücken (which had become independent from Straßebersbach in 1823) merged on a voluntary basis to form the new Dietzhölztal community.

Territorial history and administration

The following list gives an overview of the territories in which the two places Bergebersbach and Strassebersbach were located, or the administrative units to which they were subordinate:

Desolation

In the area of ​​the municipality of Ewersbach there were the following well-known desolations: On the farm (today the fork in the path to the tennis court and the road to Weidelbach); Thomas pit (mining settlement); the painter's house; Odolphausen (roughly at the level of the “In der Heg” industrial area); Fackenroth (near the source of the Nonnbach, in the Straßebersbach area).

population

Population development

Bergebersbach: Population from 1834 to 1925
year     Residents
1834
  
 334
1840
  
 302
1846
  
 319
1852
  
 323
1858
  
 334
1864
  
 328
1871
  
 281
1875
  
 328
1885
  
 324
1895
  
 409
1905
  
 389
1910
  
 403
1925
  
 431
Data source: Historical municipality register for Hesse: The population of the municipalities from 1834 to 1967. Wiesbaden: Hessisches Statistisches Landesamt, 1968.
Strassebersbach: Population from 1834 to 1925
year     Residents
1834
  
 659
1840
  
 707
1846
  
 718
1852
  
 752
1858
  
 740
1864
  
 753
1871
  
 618
1875
  
 727
1885
  
 793
1895
  
 992
1905
  
 1,135
1910
  
 1,245
1925
  
 1,358
Data source: Historical municipality register for Hesse: The population of the municipalities from 1834 to 1967. Wiesbaden: Hessisches Statistisches Landesamt, 1968.
Ewersbach: Population from 1834 to 2018
year     Residents
1834
  
 993
1840
  
 1.009
1846
  
 1,037
1852
  
 1,075
1858
  
 1,074
1864
  
 1,081
1871
  
 898
1875
  
 1,055
1885
  
 1,117
1895
  
 1,401
1905
  
 1,524
1910
  
 1,648
1925
  
 1,789
1939
  
 2.113
1946
  
 2,661
1950
  
 2,837
1956
  
 2,845
1961
  
 2,911
1967
  
 3,013
1970
  
 3,040
1980
  
 ?
1990
  
 ?
1999
  
 3,212
2013
  
 2,913
2016
  
 2,816
2018
  
 2,813
Data source: Historical municipality register for Hesse: The population of the municipalities from 1834 to 1967. Wiesbaden: Hessisches Statistisches Landesamt, 1968.
Further sources:; after 1970: Dietzhölztal municipality

Religious affiliation

 Source: Historical local dictionary

• 1961: 2387 Protestant (= 82.00%), 493 Catholic (= 16.94%) residents
• 1999: 1984 Protestant (= 61.62%), 466 Catholic (= 14.51%), 909 other residents

Religions

Under Count Wilhelm the Rich of Nassau-Dillenburg (1487–1559) the Reformed Confession was introduced in Ewersbach around 1540. The last pastor from Catholic times, Oswald Bicken, was taken on as an interim pastor and was supposed to see to it that the new faith was introduced, which he was difficult to achieve. At that time the following places belonged to the parish of Bergebersbach: Bergebersbach, Straßebersbach, Neuhütte, Rittershausen, Almonds, Steinbrücken, Eibelshausen, Weidelbach, Offdilln and part of Oberroßbach. In 1818 Oberroßbach became independent with Weidelbach and Offdilln, in 1894 Eibelshausen also separated as independent.

One of the most famous pastors who worked in Bergebersbach was Pastor Karl Nebe (1868–1918), who, in addition to his great theological work, also became known as a local researcher and author of local history literature.

Another separation within the Evangelical Church of Bergebersbach dates back to 1894. At that time some men from Straßbacher and Bergebersbach and from the neighboring congregations founded the “Association of Brotherly Community”, from which the Free Evangelical Congregation in Ewersbach developed in the following years. At the beginning of 1946 the Free Evangelical Congregation bought the former Reich Labor Service warehouse on the Kronberg from the Buderus company. In the first few years, many expellees found a temporary new home there. The real purpose of the renovation, however, was the construction of a retirement and nursing home, which was modernized in 1966 and at the beginning of the new millennium. Also in 1946 the leadership of the Federation of Free Protestant Congregations moved the preacher's school from Wuppertal-Vohwinkel to Ewersbach; Since 2011 this preacher's school has been officially recognized as the Ewersbach Theological University .

Another parish in Ewersbach is the Catholic parish. Until the end of the Second World War, the number of Catholics was rather small, but the number increased sharply with the influx of displaced persons. Until the 1990s, Ewersbach formed a parish together with Eibelshausen, today it is again part of the large parish of Dillenburg.

Followers of the Muslim faith visit the mosques in Dillenburg, Haiger or Breidenbach .

politics

coat of arms

Coat of arms of Ewersbach
 Blazon : "In Gold over blue brook a border silver reinforced black boar."

The talking coat of arms was officially awarded on October 30, 1953. It takes over the shield of the old S (IGEL) DER SCHEFFEN VA (N) EWERSB (A) CH (imprints 1525–1806). The community seals since 1816 do not contain a picture. The gold and blue tinge is reminiscent of the lion's shield of Nassau-Orange , to whose territory the place belonged. From the old town of Ebersbach, Bergbach and Straßebersbach had developed into two independent communities since the 15th century. They have been united with one another since April 1, 1937 under the name Ewersbach.

The coat of arms was also approved for the Dietzhölztal community in 1974 and 1981 by the Hessian Minister of the Interior.

flag

The flag was approved on May 19, 1954 by the Hessian Ministry of the Interior.

Culture and sights

Churches

Evangelical parish church seen from the north
Interior of the church

The most powerful building in Ewersbach is the Evangelical Parish Church “on the mountain”, the Margarethenkirche. Two exposed Romanesque windows inside and easily recognizable herringbone masonry on the north side bear witness to the original building from the early 13th century. The Protestant parish church received its present appearance essentially in the 15th century. The sandstone pulpit, which is an important testimony to the art of stonemasonry in the old Dill district, also dates from this time. The rectory right next door dates from 1789.

The Protestant Johanneskapelle on Hauptstraße was the former church of Straßebersbach. It was built in the 13th century and significantly redesigned in the 15th century. Today the Johannes Chapel belongs to the political community and is used for events and weddings. The Free Evangelical Congregation had its clubhouse in Hauptstrasse since the turn of the century. It was added and rebuilt several times; Nevertheless, there was soon again insufficient space for the extensive church work. The clubhouse was demolished in 1979 and replaced by a new, modern community center in the following two years.

After the Second World War, the Protestant parish made the former Straßebersbach Chapel, which was not in use at the time, available to the Catholics as a space for their services. After becoming independent from Dillenburg in 1957, the construction of its own church building began in 1958, which was handed over to the population in 1959 by Auxiliary Bishop Walther Kampe .

School system

Up until the time of the Reformation, schools had been something unfamiliar in rural areas. It was not until John VI. Count of Nassau-Dillenburg , called the Elder (1536-1606) set up parish schools in his territory. This was also the case in Bergebersbach in 1582. The first teacher was the bell ringer, who soon had to be dismissed as incapable. In 1583 the second preaching position was introduced in the parish, the vicar's task was not only to preach but also to teach at the school. However, participation in the lessons was very poor, especially among children from more distant places. Therefore school branches were introduced in Oberroßbach and Eibelshausen before the end of the 16th century. At the end of the 17th century, each parish village soon had its own school, and lessons were often held in the chapels. This only happened in the winter months from November to March, as the children had to help with domestic work, the field work, during the rest of the season. That changed only after the Napoleonic era at the beginning of the 19th century. Both Bergbach and Straßebersbach had their own school building at that time, with their own state teacher.

Bergebersbach had a classroom of almost 33 m² for 60 students in the back house. As the number of pupils continued to rise, a barn was bought in 1873 and converted into a new school. With more than 100 students, this was soon too small.

In Straßebersbach the situation was no different. School lessons initially took place in a room in the shepherd's house. The shepherd's house was for sale in 1846, the community bought it and converted it into a schoolhouse. In 1906 the house contained three classrooms and apartments for the two teachers. In addition, the mayor's office was housed here. In 1909, however, this building burned down. At that time about 240 children attended the Straßebersbach primary school. The following plans for a new building for the first time envisaged a building for both parishes near the Protestant parish hall, but this was rejected by both parishes. So Straßebersbach decided to build a new school, which was inaugurated in September 1910. This school was to be named after the highly deserved commercial councilor Gustav Jung, who lived in Straßebersbach. When he refused and the name of the Bergebersbacher pastor Dr. Vömel could not be fulfilled, they quickly agreed on a common ancestor of both people: Johann Heinrich Jung-Stilling .

After the merger of the two communities, the students were taught in four classrooms of the Jung-Stilling-Schule and in two classrooms of the Berger School. In 1956 and 1967 the construction of the Jung-Stilling-Schule was expanded again, and in 1969 the municipal administration moved into the former teacher's apartment. In 1987 the entire school grounds were renovated again. The former Bergebersbach school has not been used since the early 1960s and was sold in 1981.

Association

The SG Dietzhölztal is a football team in Dietzhölztal. The syndicate celebrated its greatest success in 2000 with promotion to the Landesliga Hessen. Until 2004 they played a total of three years in this division. In the meantime, the SG, which was founded in 1970 from TSV Rittershausen and TV Ewersbach, is back in the district league A. The youth department, the JSG, also included FC Weidelbach and TSG Almonds.

In addition, there are a large number of associations, some of which can no longer be limited to just one village. There are u. a. the beekeeping club, DRK readiness, volunteer fire brigade , mixed choir Eintracht, singing club Heimatliebe, large and small horse club, home and tourist association, the handball community Eibelshausen / Ewersbach, Kronenhof Boarstream, athletics club, ski club, sheepdog club and a tennis club .

Hauberg

Hauberg is made annually in Ewersbach . The legal basis of the Haubergs work goes back to the "Haubergordnung for the Dillkreis and the Oberwesterwaldkreis of June 4, 1887". It says: "Hauberge within the meaning of this law are the properties in the districts of Dillbrecht , Fellerdilln , Ober - and Niederroßbach , Bergebersbach, Eibelshausen , Almonds , Offdilln , Rittershausen , Steinbrücken , Straßebersbach, Weidelbach and Korb , which currently belong to Hauberg associations."

Economy and Infrastructure

Industry

For more than 500 years people from Ewersbach and the surrounding area have found work, employment and wages “in the hut”. Originally built as a forest smithy and owned by the family, it passed to the sovereign, the Count of Dillenburg, around 1500 due to a lack of heirs. The first blast furnace was built here in 1587. Johann Jacob Jung, a member of the Siegerland family, which was important for the mining and metallurgical industry in Dillenburg, had been the steelworks inspector and leaseholder of the Steinbrücker steelworks from the beginning of the 19th century. Jung also bought Neuhütte from the tax authorities in 1865. In 1883 the family company JJ Jung was converted into a stock corporation with the name "Hessen-Nassauischer Hüttenverein", which had its seat in Steinbrücken. Here they specialized in the manufacture of boiler stoves, and later also of cast iron bathtubs. In 1933, after the Great Depression, Buderus ' sche Eisenwerke joined the company. The company Omnical was later founded here as a subsidiary. In 1986 the Babcock company took over Buderus' business, the name Omnical remained. Unfortunately, all machines have been idle since the beginning of 2015, only the customer service for boiler and power plant systems was taken over by Viessmann and continues to operate under the name Omnical. In addition to many small and family businesses, most of which have settled in the industrial park east of Ewersbach, there is also the Koch company (metal processing and cooking equipment), which was founded in 1928.

Road traffic

On the one hand, state road 1571 leads through Ewersbach , which turns into state road L 3044 ( Haiger - Bad Laasphe ) in Ewersbach . The federal road 253 (Dillenburg – Frankenberg) is about 5 km away; the Autobahn 45 is about 16 km to the south via the Dillenburg junction and about 22 km to the north via Wilnsdorf.

Public transport

Ewersbach is connected to the surrounding cities by three lines. The lines 301 and 302 of the transport company Lahn-Dill-Weil connect Ewersbach with Dillenburg, the line A381 of the transport company Westphalia-Süd connects Ewersbach with Bad Laasphe. The Dillenburg – Ewersbach line existed until May 31, 1987. The original plans for the 16.2 km long “ Dietzhölztalbahn ” stretch go back to 1869. Construction began in the summer of 1890, and the first train then passed through the Dietzhölztal on April 29th. There are efforts to reactivate the railway line, but since z. In some cases even bridges have already been torn down, but the success is rather dubious.

Daughters and sons of the church

Web links

Commons : Ewersbach  - Collection of Images

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Population figures in Dietzhölztal. In: website. Dietzhölztal municipality, accessed in August 2019 .
  2. ^ Municipal reform: mergers and integration of municipalities from January 20, 1971 . In: The Hessian Minister of the Interior (ed.): State Gazette for the State of Hesse. 1971 No. 6 , p. 248 , para. 12 ( online at the information system of the Hessian state parliament [PDF; 6.2 MB ]).
  3. ↑ Karl-Heinz Meier barley, Karl Reinhard Hinkel: Hesse. Municipalities and counties after the regional reform. A documentation . Ed .: Hessian Minister of the Interior. Bernecker, Melsungen 1977, DNB  770396321 , OCLC 180532844 , p. 287 .
  4. ↑ Bergebersbach, Lahn-Dill district. Historical local dictionary for Hessen. In: Landesgeschichtliches Informationssystem Hessen (LAGIS).
  5. ↑ Strassebersbach, Lahn-Dill district. Historical local dictionary for Hessen. In: Landesgeschichtliches Informationssystem Hessen (LAGIS).
  6. ↑ a b c Ewersbach, Lahn-Dill district. Historical local dictionary for Hessen. In: Landesgeschichtliches Informationssystem Hessen (LAGIS).
  7. ^ Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. State of Hesse. (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006).
  8. ^ Anton Friedrich Büsching: D. Anton Friderich Büsching's new description of the earth. The German empire. tape 3 . JC Bohn, 1771, p. 841 ( google.com ).
  9. ↑ a b Population by place of residence. In: website. Dietzhölztal community, archived from the original ; accessed in February 2019 .
  10. ↑ Population figures . (all versions). In: website. Dietzhölztal community, archived from the original ; accessed in February 2019 .
  11. ^ Karl Ernst Demandt , Otto Renkhoff : Hessisches Ortswappenbuch. C. A. Starke Verlag, Glücksburg / Ostsee 1956, p. 188.
  12. ↑ Approval for the use of a coat of arms for the municipality of Ewersbach im Dillkreis, Wiesbaden administrative district of October 30, 1953 . In: The Hessian Minister of the Interior (ed.): State Gazette for the State of Hesse. 1953 No. 46 , p. 1028 , item 1313 ( online at the information system of the Hessian state parliament [PDF; 4,2 MB ]).
  13. ^ Klemens Stadler : The municipal coat of arms of the state of Hesse . New edition of the collection of German local coats of arms by Prof. Otto Hupp on behalf of HAG Aktiengesellschaft in Bremen, edited by Dr. Klemens Stadler, drawings by Max Reinhart (=  German coat of arms - Federal Republic of Germany . Volume 3 ). Angelsachsen-Verlag, Bremen 1967, p. 32 .
  14. ↑ Authorization to fly a flag to the municipality of Ewersbach im Dillkreis, Wiesbaden administrative district from May 19, 1954 . In: The Hessian Minister of the Interior (ed.): State Gazette for the State of Hesse. 1954 No. 23 , p. 553 , point 510 ( online at the information system of the Hessian state parliament [PDF; 3.1 MB ]).
  15. ↑ Ewersbach. ich-geh-wandern.de, accessed on November 26, 2015 .
  16. ↑ Haubergsordnung. In: Hessenrecht. July 4, 1887, accessed May 2020 .