The wing

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Logo of the wing

The wing was the name of a group within the Alternative for Germany (AfD) party, in which nationalist and right-wing extremist forces gather around the Thuringian AfD chairman Björn Höcke . Other key players are Hans-Thomas Tillschneider and Andreas Kalbitz . In 2019, security authorities assumed support from 40 percent of party members in East Germany , while the number in the West was lower.

In March 2020, Der Flügel was classified by the Federal Office for the Protection of the Constitution as “secured right-wing extremist efforts against the free democratic basic order”. Since then, its representatives have been monitored by the intelligence service .

After the AfD federal board requested to dissolve the merger by the end of April 2020, the group's online offers went offline. The Office for the Protection of the Constitution has no reliable information about an actual dissolution.

History and profile

In March 2015, Björn Höcke and André Poggenburg initiated the Erfurt resolution against the course of the party executive , in which they demand a “more conservative” orientation of the party. The informal, völkisch-nationalist current, right-wing extremist party wing within the Alternative for Germany (AfD) party, subsequently called itself Der Flügel and is considered to be one of the most important groups of people in the party. The central actors are Björn Höcke, Andreas Kalbitz and Hans-Thomas Tillschneider .

They called the Erfurt resolution on their website the “founding document” of their party stream. In it they wrote that many supporters see the party as a “movement of our people” against “social experiments” and as a “resistance movement” against an alleged “undermining of Germany's sovereignty and identity”. With a view to Pegida , they criticized, among other things , that the party had “kept away from bourgeois protest movements” and distanced itself from them “in advance obedience”.

According to journalist Melanie Amann , the pioneer of the New Right , the publisher and political activist Götz Kubitschek , formulated the first draft of the resolution. According to the initiators, over 1,600 party members had signed the Erfurt resolution by March 25, 2015, including Alexander Gauland, board member and since 2019 honorary chairman of the AfD.

The resolution was a first step to carry the “agenda of the new right” into the AfD, and was decisive for the defeat of the AfD founder and then federal spokesman Bernd Lucke against Frauke Petry in the election of the party chairmanship. The party flow prevented Lucke from making the right wing forces meaningless.

As a reaction, Hans-Olaf Henkel published a counter-declaration together with three other AfD MPs under the title Germany Resolution and accused the wing supporters of wanting to split the party.

At the end of November 2019, numerous AfD functionaries critical of the wing were elected from their offices; the followers of the wing 's Stephan Brandner , Andreas Kalbitz and Stephan Protschka entered the AFD national executive . According to extremism researcher Steffen Kailitz, leaders of this wing of the party consciously tie in with right-wing extremist and National Socialist language . He is considered to be a reservoir for radical forces within the party and the power of the Thuringian AfD chairman Björn Höcke.

According to internal party information, internal party support for the right-wing extremist wing of the party was estimated at up to forty percent at the beginning of 2019. An assessment by security authorities in the same year assumed support of 40 percent for East Germany, while the number was lower in the West. According to the AfD member of the Bundestag, Jens Maier, an estimated 70 percent of the AfD Saxony supported the wing in 2019 . The Office for the Protection of the Constitution, citing AfD information, assumes around 7,000 supporters.

Since March 2020, the Federal Office for the Protection of the Constitution has classified the right wing of the party as “secured right-wing extremist efforts against the free democratic basic order” and has been monitoring it with intelligence services .

Demand for dissolution and consequences

AfD board decision

One week after the party wing was classified as right-wing extremist, the AfD federal board discussed the consequences on March 20, 2020. Previously, West German regional associations had already called for a “complete dissolution” and for an incompatibility resolution ; It was feared that voters and especially civil servants would now be lost, as they would have problems with their services because of their oath on the constitution.

Party leader Jörg Meuthen applied to dissolve the wing by the end of March, but did not find a majority on the board. Alexander Gauland , Alice Weidel and Tino Chrupalla voted against. One does not want to offend the wing people. Their request was that the wing should declare that it is "ready to dismantle the existing structures with a specific time and action plan". Finally, the board agreed on a compromise: "As a result of tomorrow's 'wing' meeting, the federal board expects a declaration that the informal 'wing' association will be dissolved by April 30, 2020." Eleven of the thirteen board members agreed, Kalbitz against it and Brandner abstained. However, no personal consequences were drawn with regard to Kalbitz and Höcke, as had previously been requested from within our own ranks.

On the same day, in an analysis by n-tv, doubts were expressed as to whether it was even possible to break up an informal circle: “As clear as both the declaration by the Office for the Protection of the Constitution and Meuthen's demand, the addressees are unclear. Because even if the wing - with its own logo, its own website, its own events - looks like a distinctly tangible party flow, it really isn't. ”Proponents of this appeal knew that, and it must appear absurd to the board:“ Who or what are you asking to dissolve? Should Björn Höcke delete Andreas Kalbitz's phone number from his cell phone? Should the wing activists store their flags in the basement, turn off the website and then the problem will be resolved? "

The Spiegel reported on March 21st that Höcke had announced the dissolution. He was referring to a conversation between Höcke and the publisher Götz Kubitschek , which was published on the blog of the new right magazine Sezession . The report was followed by contradicting statements from various wing representatives. Höcke rejected this interpretation and Kalbitz did not want to confirm the resolution either. Three days later Kalbitz announced that they would “implement the decision of the federal executive committee”, but that he could “not shred any member directories that did not exist”.

In a letter to the “Friends of the Wing”, which was published on the Internet, it says: “In principle, what does not formally exist cannot be resolved”. “In order to maintain the unity of the party”, Höcke and Kalbitz “decided to comply with the request of the federal executive committee”. They called on "all who feel part of the community of interest to cease their activities within the framework of the 'wing' by April 30th". The "strong cohesion" continues and the work continues.

From May 1, 2020, the web presence and the presence of the current in the social media were no longer available. The withdrawal of Andreas Kalbitz's party membership due to undeclared pre-membership in the neo-Nazi organization Heimattreue Deutsche Jugend and the Republicans , which was declared by the federal board of the AfD in May 2020, did not withstand a judicial examination. At the end of July 2020, the Federal Arbitration Court confirmed the AfD Kalbitz's exclusion.

After the request of the AfD federal board to dissolve the merger, neither the constitutional protection of Saxony nor the constitutional protection of Thuringia had any reliable knowledge about the actual dissolution of the wing. Hold on to an observation.

Classification from politics and society

The Brandenburg Constitutional Protection spoke of a "sham dissolution". It is assumed that the followers will continue to meet and network. In Brandenburg in particular, "the AfD is winged through and through". Authority chief Jörg Müller compared the wing with aspirin : “First the tablet was next to the glass, now it dissolves in the glass. And of course the active ingredient continues to work ”. Stephan Kramer , head of the Thuringian Office for the Protection of the Constitution, described the announcement of the dissolution as “behavior typical of the scene” and called it “little more than a tactical move”. "This is a smoke candle ". The wing will be dissolved pro forma, but will continue its work. In their letter to the "Friends of the Wing", Höcke and Kalbitz asked them to stop activities, but they should continue their work. Höcke and Kalbitz wrote: “Every form of organization can only be a means to an end. The political commitment continues and demands all our strength. "

The political scientist Hendrik Hansen , professor at the Federal University of Public Administration, assesses the dissolution as “a very transparent maneuver that serves to mislead the public”. The wing will remain. In his opinion, it is not a fixed organization, but a loose network of people. Individual AfD regional associations, especially in East Germany, could "almost entirely be assigned to the 'wing'".

The extremism researcher Matthias Quent from the Institute for Democracy and Civil Society makes it clear that the announced “dissolution” of the wing does not change the extremist attitude of the supporters. "Right-wing extremists adapt tactically and have an instrumental relationship with organizational and party structures as long as they use them." It is true that the dissolution of the wing is now being announced, but without any substantive insight or distancing. Critics could be appeased and the programmatic right-wing radicalization could still be pursued.

The sociologist and AfD expert Andreas Kemper also assumes that the wing people “organize themselves very similarly to before” and that there will continue to be meetings. "Anyone who now assumes that something will be resolved is sitting on a fake." Not only the two front people of the fascist wing, Kalbitz and Höcke, who hold high offices in the party, are clearly anti-democratic, but also many of the AfD Members who did not openly belong to this wing. “So these people are continuing their 'wing' policy without using the term. Just as they continue to pursue a fascist policy without using the word "fascism". "

The lawyer Jan-Hendrik Dietrich , Director at the Center for Intelligence and Security Studies at the Bundeswehr University in Munich, clarifies: “Who can be counted among the 7,000 wing supporters within the AfD and who cannot, should not be easy to clarify in individual cases be". Whether a “common ideological anchoring can be determined” can be determined for the protection of the constitution via the various meeting points on the Internet.

The Thuringian Interior Minister Georg Maier made it clear that the right-wing extremist wing of the party "naturally" remains an object of observation, "because a fixed, formal form of organization is not important at all."

CSU General Secretary Markus Blume commented: “The dissolution of the wing is a non-event. With the right-wing extremist ideas, it just continues in the middle of the AfD. "

The head of the AFD Bavaria, Corinna Miazga , can not imagine that from her when roped designated wings will disappear forever. The step has "more of a symbolic character". She said: "The main effect of the dissolution of the wing is that they no longer establish parallel structures to the party with their own logo, events and fan articles."

In an analysis for n-tv it is said: “As clear as both the declaration by the Office for the Protection of the Constitution and Meuthen's demand were, the addressees are unclear. Because […] [d] he wing is more of a loose network of ultra-conservatives, right-wing extremists, history revisionists. There is no list of who is and who is not. The organization is informal, not a registered association or the like. "

Conservative! e. V.

The Conservative! e. According to the AfD Thuringia, V. was founded by "Friends of the Wing" to organize events for the party-internal group. The association is therefore headed by the Thuringian MP Jürgen Pohl . Also on the board of the association is the former vice federal treasurer and member of the Bundestag Frank Pasemann (excluded from the AfD since August 2020). The association is said to have co-financed events of the wing such as the Kyffhäuser meeting. Björn Höcke wrote in his Christmas e-mail in 2018 that anyone who wants to support the “wing should contact the conservative association! donate. ”According to Bild am Sonntag, federal spokesman Alexander Gauland criticized this call out of concern that such donations could be considered illegal party donations.

Political classification

Political science

Hajo Funke wrote in his study published in September 2016 that radical forces in the AfD have had the reins in their hands since summer 2015. Nothing works without the radical "wing". He is more powerful than ever and always ready to drive official representatives of the AfD in front of him. Steffen Kailitz sees the rejected NPD prohibition procedure more leeway, as the group now knows that it would not be banned even in the event of radicalization. According to Alexander Häusler, there is an involuntary division of labor in the AfD, with Höcke and Der Flügel serving the openly right-wing extremist milieu, especially in East Germany. According to Marcel Lewandowsky, the AfD as a party as a whole enables it to be “connected to the right-wing extremist camp”. In the opinion of Armin Pfahl-Traughber , the question of extremism for the wing or the patriotic platform hardly arises anymore, since clear positions and tendencies could be identified there. Matthias Quent assesses the wing as neo-fascist . Karin Priester describes the wing as the “engine” of anti-Islamic as well as anti- western and pro-Russian tendencies within the AfD.

journalism

In an article in the weekly newspaper Die Zeit , Mely Kiyak described the grand piano in early 2017 as a “reservoir for everything that is to the right of the right; Pegida , Identitarians , Fraternities , Patriotic Platform and many more ”. Patrick Gensing wrote in an analysis in February 2017, The wing speaks out openly for cooperation with the Identitarian Movement, sees the AfD as the parliamentary arm of a nationalist movement and collects right-wing ideologues who propagated and from a nationalist fundamental opposition to the "old parties" dreamed of a national revolution . The AfD is only a means to an end. According to Johann Osel ( SZ ), the wing is "not concerned with a right-wing conservative counterweight within the system because the Union has given up previous positions", nor with coalitions. You are playing “only for victory, for the majority - to radically turn everything inside out”, because you want “another country”. According to Henry Stern ( Augsburger Allgemeine ), the aim of the wing is "to lever out the existing liberal constitutional state and replace it with a nationally colored populism that is open even to right-wing extremists à la NPD ".

Evaluation by the protection of the constitution

The Federal Office for the Protection of the Constitution (BFV), the whole party AFD on 15 January 2019 at an " test case " and the collective movement , the wing and the youth organization of the AFD ( Young alternative ) to " suspected cases declared".

“Here too there are sufficiently weighty indications that this is an extremist endeavor. The propagated political concept is aimed at the exclusion, contempt and extensive deprivation of rights of foreigners, migrants, especially Muslims, and politically dissenters. It violates the guarantee of human dignity as well as the principles of democracy and the rule of law. The relativization of historical National Socialism also runs like a red thread through the statements of the “wing” representatives. According to information from the BfV, individual members of the "wing" also refer to organizations that have already been classified as extremist. "

In October 2019, President of the Office for the Protection of the Constitution Thomas Haldenwang told Spiegel that the wing was becoming “more and more extremist”.

The processing of suspected cases enables personal evaluation and the storage of personal data by the constitution protection . This can also use intelligence resources .

The Bavarian State Office for the Protection of the Constitution declared the wing and the YES to be objects of observation on January 22nd, 2019 , which corresponds to the classification as a "suspected case" in Bavaria. The “suspected case” category does not exist in Bavaria.

According to the Baden-Wuerttemberg Constitutional Protection Report 2019, "The Wing 'pursues a political concept that is primarily aimed at the exclusion, contempt and extensive disqualification of foreigners, migrants - especially Muslims - and those who think differently politically". Thereby it violates "all elements of the free democratic basic order".

In January 2020, the AfD filed a lawsuit with the Cologne Administrative Court against the observation of its youth organization and the wing by the BfV.

In March 2020, the Federal Office for the Protection of the Constitution confirmed its initial suspicion from January 2019, according to which the wing is a "secured right-wing extremist movement against the free democratic basic order". The President of the Service Thomas Haldenwang reported at a press conference on March 12, 2020 that in the past few months a new dynamic in right-wing extremism and a mixing of different milieus had been noticed. Since the leading figure of the wing Björn Höcke works in Thuringia, the State Office for the Protection of the Constitution of Thuringia upgraded the AfD regional association Thuringia from a test case to a suspected case. The state office reacted to the new assessment of the wing by the Federal Office for the Protection of the Constitution. In a 258-page report, the Office for the Protection of the Constitution comes to the conclusion that the previous evidence of anti-constitutionalism has condensed into certainty. The head of the State Office, Stephan J. Kramer , said that the image of the wing is characterized by "an intensification, radicalization and consolidation of its right-wing extremist positions and connections in the right-wing extremist scene in recent months".

Other AfD groups

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. a b Lucke defends himself against a shift to the right. In: FAZ . March 21, 2015, accessed March 22, 2015 .
  2. "The AfD" wing "is a current, not a division of the party. He does not know membership, but affiliation. ”“ There are no clear dividing lines to be drawn between the 'wing' and the party as a whole ”Jan Sternberg: Observed by the Office for the Protection of the Constitution: Who is part of the“ wing ”of the AfD? . RND , March 12, 2020, accessed on May 14, 2020.
    “The 'wing' is not an association, it has no structure, just a small center of power. At the meetings, mobile phone numbers are exchanged, email addresses, and you can be entered in Whatsapp groups. ”Maria Fiedler: Björn Höcke is looking for his way out of cover . Der Tagesspiegel , November 29, 2017, accessed on May 14, 2020.
  3. "loose association" which "does not have its own membership structure": the party executive wants the "wing" to be dissolved . Die Zeit , March 20, 2020, accessed on May 14, 2020.
    “Does not count among the official party branches” AfD “wing” is apparently dissolving . Bayerischer Rundfunk , March 21, 2020, accessed on May 14, 2020.
  4. Benjamin Konietzky: This time it could tear the AfD apart . n-tv , March 20, 2020, accessed on May 14, 2020.
  5. ^ Right AfD "wing" collects its battalions from Rainer Roeser look to the right November 11, 2016
    Marcel Lewandowsky : Alternative for Germany . In: Frank Decker , Viola Neu (Ed.): Handbook of German political parties . 3rd edition Springer VS, Wiesbaden 2018, OCLC 1002248818 , The parties A - Z , p. 168 , doi : 10.1007 / 978-3-658-17995-3_6 ( limited preview in Google book search).
    Matthias Quent : “The AfD is elected as a right-wing radical party”. In: Basler Zeitung . September 2, 2019, accessed on February 28, 2020 (Vincenzo Capodici in conversation with Matthias Quent).

  6. Joachim Seeger from the BfV : "the wing , the most relevant group of people within the AfD" In: ntv news : Live: The constitution protection classifies the "wing" of the AfD around B. Höcke as an observation case . March 12, 2020, 7:10 am, accessed on March 12, 2020.
    tagesschau24 : “The right wing national wing is considered one of the most influential groups in the AfD” and is benevolently tolerated by the party leadership. Focus: The protection of the constitution wants to watch the AfD's “wings” . In: ARD-Mediathek , March 12, 2020, 00:06, accessed on March 12, 2020.
  7. Tilman Steffen: Will the grand piano take over? In: The time . July 15, 2019, accessed July 15, 2019 .
  8. AfD. The Office for the Protection of the Constitution classifies "wing" as right-wing extremist , Spiegel Politik, March 12, 2020
  9. ^ The "Erfurt Resolution" - wording and first signatory. (No longer available online.) AfD , March 14, 2015, archived from the original on January 5, 2016 ; accessed in 2020 .
  10. Melanie Amann: Fear for Germany, the truth about the AfD: where it comes from, who leads it, where it is heading . Droemer, Munich 2017, ISBN 978-3-426-27723-2 , p. 148.
  11. ^ The "Erfurt Resolution" and the founding impulse of the AfD. (No longer available online.) The Grand Piano, March 25, 2015, archived from the original on March 29, 2019 ; accessed on May 8, 2016 .
  12. Erfurt resolution: Three AfD members oppose Höcke. Thüringer Allgemeine , March 19, 2015, accessed on January 21, 2017 . Götz Kubitschek - the strategist of the New Right. In: Der Tagesspiegel . September 8, 2018, accessed May 20, 2020 .
  13. Armies on the front line. In: Der Spiegel. December 1, 2019, accessed March 15, 2020 .
  14. Maria Fiedler: Höcke speech in Dresden: “Establish ethnic interpretation as normal”. Tagesspiegel, January 21, 2017. (Interview with extremism researcher Steffen Kailitz )
  15. Höcke's "wing" fights for influence in the AfD. n-tv , January 22, 2019, accessed January 30, 2019 .
  16. ^ Gregor Mayntz: The Protection of the Constitution observes 1000 AfD members in North Rhine-Westphalia . In: Bonner General-Anzeiger , February 22, 2020, accessed on February 29, 2020.
    Thomas Hummel: Is Gauland a racist? "I'm afraid so" . In: Süddeutsche Zeitung , January 24, 2019, accessed on February 29, 2020.
    afp : AfD-Vice Pazderski emphasizes the importance of the far right “wing” in the party . In: Die Welt , July 11, 2019, accessed on February 29, 2020.
    Jörg Köpke: AfD anger at Maischberger: “I'm afraid Mr. Gauland is a racist”. In: Ostsee-Zeitung . January 24, 2019, accessed May 30, 2019 .
  17. 40 percent of AfD members in the east belong to the right wing. In: Der Spiegel . July 14, 2019, accessed March 15, 2020 .
  18. a b Christine Reissing: After the "wing" resolution: Verfassungsschutz observes further , MDR , May 7, 2020, accessed on May 31, 2020.
  19. Jan Schumann: "Wing" under observation: Now the AfD youngsters are also under pressure. March 12, 2020, accessed March 13, 2020 .
  20. a b "Wing" of the AfD is observed by the Office for the Protection of the Constitution . Bayerischer Rundfunk, March 12, 2020, accessed on May 14, 2020.
  21. This is how the “wing” of the AfD is fighting for survival , March 20, 2020 FAZ
  22. a b Ann-Katrin Müller: The wing flutters on. In: Der Spiegel . March 21, 2020, accessed May 14, 2020 .
  23. AfD "wing" is apparently dissolving . Bayerischer Rundfunk , March 21, 2020, accessed on May 14, 2020.
  24. a b Benjamin Konietzky: This time it could tear the AfD apart . n-tv , March 20, 2020, accessed on May 14, 2020.
  25. Höcke dissolves folk-nationalist "wings" . Der Spiegel , March 21, 2020, accessed on May 14, 2020.
  26. a b Power games in the AfD // Front people call on AfD “wings” to end the activities . Deutsche Welle , March 25, 2020, accessed on May 14, 2020.
  27. ^ At the request of the party leadership. AfD "wing" dissolves . Tagesschau.de, March 21, 2020, accessed on May 14, 2020.
  28. Kalbitz: AfD “wing” will implement resolution to dissolve. www.welt.de, March 24, 2020
  29. a b c AfD wing goes offline - the head of the protection of the constitution speaks of sham dissolution. Die Welt , May 1, 2020, accessed on May 14, 2020.
  30. ^ Right-wing extremism: AfD throws Andreas Kalbitz out of the party. In: Zeit Online , May 15, 2020, accessed on May 15, 2020.
  31. dpa : Andreas Kalbitz is allowed to stay in the AfD for the time being . In: Die Zeit , June 19, 2020, accessed on June 19, 2020.
  32. ^ Verfassungsschutz doubts the dissolution of the AfD wing . MDR, April 30, 2020, accessed May 31, 2020.
  33. Sabine am Orde, Konrad Litschko: "Historically forgotten and stupid" . taz , May 11, 2020, accessed on May 14, 2020.
  34. Thuringian Office for the Protection of the Constitution sees the dissolution of wings as a "smoke candle" . The time , accessed May 14, 2020.
  35. a b c Michael Stempfle: Observe the entire AfD more closely? . Tagesschau.de , accessed on May 14, 2020.
  36. Matthias Meisner: "Wing" deception maneuver - Dissolution // "The AfD leadership lacks the power to part with Höcke" . Der Tagesspiegel , March 22, 2020, accessed on May 15, 2020.
  37. Martin Debes: The attack also applies to Höcke . Die Zeit , May 18, 2020, accessed on May 18, 2020.
  38. Bayern-AfD reacts calmly to the dissolution of the wing . Bayerischer Rundfunk , March 27, 2020, accessed on May 15, 2020.
  39. tagesschau.de: AfD dispute over the "wing": Is there a split in the air? In: Tagesschau.de . Retrieved March 26, 2020 .
  40. AfD-head clashes with collection of donations from Höcke's "wing". MDR , accessed January 20, 2019 . Björn Höcke under suspicion: is the AfD threatened with the next party donation scandal? In: Märkische Allgemeine . Retrieved January 20, 2019 .
  41. ↑ published as a book under the title Von Wutbürgern und Brandstiftern: AfD - Pegida - Violence Networks (Verlag für Berlin-Brandenburg, ISBN 978-3-945256-64-0 )
  42. Political scientist explores the radicalization of the AfD. n-tv.de, September 9, 2016, accessed February 5, 2018 .
  43. Maria Fiedler: Waiving the NPD ban gives AfD leeway. Tagesspiegel, January 17, 2017, accessed January 25, 2017 .
  44. Sabine Am Orde: Right-wing extremism expert on the AfD: "A kind of political chameleon". taz , February 1, 2017, accessed February 12, 2017 .
  45. ^ Marcel Lewandowsky : Alternative for Germany . In: Frank Decker , Viola Neu (Ed.): Handbook of German political parties . 3rd edition Springer VS, Wiesbaden 2018, OCLC 1002248818 , The parties A - Z , p. 168 , doi : 10.1007 / 978-3-658-17995-3_6 ( limited preview in Google book search).
  46. Armin Pfahl-Traughber : More and more extreme. In: look to the right . March 7, 2017. Retrieved March 16, 2017 .
  47. ^ Matthias Quent : "The AfD is elected as a right-wing radical party". In: Basler Zeitung . September 2, 2019, accessed on February 28, 2020 (Vincenzo Capodici in conversation with Matthias Quent).
  48. Karin Priester: The Alternative for Germany. In: Vierteljahrshefte für Zeitgeschichte 67, Heft 3 (2019), pp. 443–453, here p. 449 (accessed via De Gruyter Online).
  49. Mely Kiyak: A totally different Germany. In: The time . January 25, 2017. Retrieved January 25, 2017 .
  50. Analysis of the AfD: is the alternative coming to the alternative? ( Memento from February 20, 2017 in the Internet Archive ), tagesschau.de , February 13, 2017, accessed on February 19, 2017.
  51. Johann Osel: You want another country. In: Süddeutsche Zeitung. September 15, 2019, accessed March 15, 2020 .
  52. Henry Stern: The Bayern-AfD remains on course to the far right. In: Augsburger Allgemeine. September 15, 2019, accessed March 15, 2020 .
  53. ↑ The Office for the Protection of the Constitution declares AfD to be a test case nationwide. Spiegel Online, January 15, 2019, accessed January 15, 2019 .
  54. BfV press release from January 15, 2019
  55. Wolf Wiedmann-Schmidt: The head of the protection of the constitution sees the AfD right wing "increasingly extremist". www.spiegel.de, October 18, 2019
    Jost Müller-Neuhof: Höcke buckles: The protection of the Constitution is allowed to describe AfD “wings” as “increasingly extremist”. www.tagesspiegel.de, November 13, 2019
  56. Federal Office for the Protection of the Constitution (BfV) announces the test result for the party "Alternative for Germany" (AfD) ( Memento from February 1, 2019 in the Internet Archive )
  57. ↑ The Office for the Protection of the Constitution observes Junge Alternative and "Flügel" Die Welt, January 23, 2019, accessed January 30, 2019 .
  58. Glossary of the constitution protection authorities. Bremen State Office for the Protection of the Constitution, accessed on January 15, 2019 .
  59. ^ Constitutional Protection Bavaria observes AfD "wing". Bayerischer Rundfunk , January 23, 2019, accessed on February 6, 2019 .
  60. ^ Constitutional Protection Report Baden-Württemberg 2019 , p. 174
  61. Sabine am Orde: AfD complains against observation. In: daily newspaper . January 13, 2020, accessed January 13, 2020 .
  62. ↑ The Protection of the Constitution classifies "wing" as right-wing extremist. In: Der Spiegel. Retrieved March 12, 2020 . The Federal Office for the Protection of the Constitution classifies the AfD sub-organization “Der Flügel” as a certain right-wing extremist tendency. Press release from March 12, 2020, Federal Office for the Protection of the Constitution
  63. ^ After upgrading the AfD "wing": the entire state association in Thuringia becomes a suspected case. March 12, 2020, accessed March 12, 2020 .
  64. ^ Ansgar Siemens, Severin Weiland, Wolf Wiedmann-Schmidt: Der Höcke-Jäger . In: Der Spiegel . No. 12 , 2020, p. 90 f . ( online - March 14, 2020 ).
  65. ↑ The entire Thuringian AfD regional association classified as a suspected case. Der Spiegel , March 12, 2020