Grainau

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coat of arms Germany map
Coat of arms of the municipality of Grainau
Grainau
Map of Germany, position of the municipality of Grainau highlighted

Coordinates: 47 ° 29 '  N , 11 ° 1'  E

Basic data
State : Bavaria
Administrative region : Upper Bavaria
County : Garmisch-Partenkirchen
Height : 758 m above sea level NHN
Area : 49.39 km 2
Residents: 3441 (Dec. 31, 2019)
Population density : 70 inhabitants per km 2
Postal code : 82491
Area code : 08821
License plate : Cap
Community key : 09 1 80 118
LOCODE : DE GQU
Community structure: 5 parts of the community
Address of the
municipal administration: 		Am Kurpark 1
82491 Grainau
Website : www.grainau.de
Mayor : Stephan Märkl ( CSU )
Location of the municipality of Grainau in the Garmisch-Partenkirchen district
Ettaler Forst Wallgau Unterammergau Uffing am Staffelsee Spatzenhausen Seehausen am Staffelsee Saulgrub Riegsee (Gemeinde) Oberau Oberammergau Murnau am Staffelsee Mittenwald Krün Großweil Grainau Garmisch-Partenkirchen Farchant Ettal Bad Bayersoien Bad Kohlgrub Ohlstadt Eschenlohe Schwaigen Landkreis Ostallgäu Landkreis Bad Tölz-Wolfratshausen Landkreis Weilheim-Schongau Österreichmap
About this picture

Grainau is a municipality in the Upper Bavarian district of Garmisch-Partenkirchen .

geography

Grainau is located at the foot of the Zugspitze in the Wetterstein Mountains and, along with Garmisch-Partenkirchen , Farchant , Mittenwald , Krün and Wallgau, is one of the seven communities in the former county of Werdenfels . With the Badersee and the Eibsee there are two mountain lakes in the municipality. The Hammersbach and Krepbach flow through the village . Both brooks are right tributaries of the Loisach , which borders the municipality to the north. In the west, the municipality is bounded by the state border with Austria and in the south by the Jubiläumsgrat . A mountain fall about 3700 years ago created some wooded hills. Immediately in front of the village, the Waxenstein rises in the south . In the north the valley is bounded by the Ammergau Alps with the Kramerspitz .

The Grainau district consists of the parish village of Obergrainau (administrative seat of the municipality), the parish villages of Untergrainau and Hammersbach , the village of Schmölz and the hamlet of Eibsee .

history

View of Grainau
Church with Grosses Waxenstein and Zugspitze in the background
Obergrainau village square
Grainau with Alpspitze, Waxensteinen and Zugspitze
View of the autumn Grainau

Until the 19th century

Grainau was first mentioned in the Freising Urbar (land and property register) in 1305 as "Gruenawe", which means something like "green meadow". The place consists of the two villages of Ober- and Untergrainau. Both villages belonged to the lower court Garmisch of the former county Werdenfels, which belonged to the Hochstift Freising . Since the Reichsdeputationshauptschluss of 1803, the places have belonged to the Electorate of Bavaria .

fusion

On October 1, 1937, the previous communities of Obergrainau and Untergrainau were merged to form the new community of Grainau.

Population development

Between 1988 and 2018, the population grew or stagnated from 3,464 to 3,507 by 43 inhabitants or 1.2%.

  • 1970: 3032 inhabitants
  • 1987: 3383 inhabitants
  • 1991: 3819 inhabitants
  • 1995: 3773 inhabitants
  • 2000: 3763 inhabitants
  • 2005: 3672 inhabitants
  • 2010: 3535 inhabitants
  • 2015: 3508 inhabitants

politics

mayor

The first mayor is Stephan Märkl (CSU).

Municipal council

The local election of March 15, 2020 resulted in the following distribution of seats in the local council:

Christian Social Union (CSU) 47.47% 7 seats
Citizens for Grainau (BfG) 32.79% 5 seats
Non-party voter community Grainau eV (PWG) 15.91% 3 seats
Free Democratic Party (FDP) 3.82% 1 seat

Community finances

In 2018, the municipal tax revenue amounted to € 4.321 million, of which € 1.401 million was trade tax income (net).

coat of arms

Coat of arms of Grainau
 Blazon : “Split by green and silver; in front a silver bear head with a red throat, behind a green heraldic lily. "

Architectural monuments

Soil monuments

Economy and Infrastructure

Economy including agriculture and forestry

As early as the 15th century, iron ore was mined in what is now the municipality in Höllental. The mine was closed in 1749. At the beginning of the 20th century, lead ore was also mined for some time. This mine was shut down after the First World War .

In 2016 there were no employees at the place of work in agriculture and forestry, 41 in manufacturing and 638 in trade and transport. In other economic sectors 163 people were employed at the place of work subject to social security contributions. There were a total of 1254 employees at the place of residence subject to social security contributions. In the manufacturing industry (as well as mining and quarrying of stones and earth) there were no companies with more than 20 employees, in the construction industry there were seven companies. In addition, in 2010, 13 farms were ha with an agricultural area of 144. Most agricultural Nutzbetriebe have in the last two decades of the dairy industry on the fattening farm laid in cattle.

tourism

The first holidaymakers came to the Zugspitz region around 1870 . From 1912 the place was opened up by train and from 1930 the Zugspitzbahn was put into operation, transporting tourists to the Zugspitzplatt . Since the Olympic Winter Games in 1936 in neighboring Garmisch-Partenkirchen , tourism has flourished, especially due to the proximity of the Zugspitze. The Eibsee cable car opened in 1963 and was replaced by the new Zugspitze cable car in 2017 . Today tourism is a main source of income for the place. Obergrainau or Hammersbach are starting points for a hike through the Höllentalklamm and the subsequent Höllental .

The Zugspitz Ultratrail , an ultramarathon to circumnavigate the Zugspitze, has established itself as a sporting event . In the annual trail run , the destination for the five different distances is in Grainau.

There are four four-star hotels in Grainau (Alpenhof Grainau, Eibseehotel, Ferienhotel Haus Hammersbach, Waxenstein) and numerous other hotels, holiday apartments and rooms. There are also two campsites with 330 spaces. A total of around 3500 guest beds are offered in the village. In 2018 there were a total of 549,886 overnight stays.

traffic

With the Bavarian Zugspitzbahn you can reach the Grainau districts of Hammersbach, Obergrainau and Eibsee. The valley route from Garmisch-Partenkirchen ends in Grainau station and the mountain route to the Zugspitze begins as a rack railway . In addition, there is the Untergrainau demand stop operated by Deutsche Bahn AG on the Garmisch-Partenkirchen - Reutte (Tyrol) - Kempten - Pfronten ( Ausserfernbahn ) railway , which is somewhat remote in the Untergrainau district. There is an hourly service on the Ausserfernbahn with individual direct trains to and from Munich Central Station . Both railways offer the station Garmisch-Partenkirchen connection to the Munich-Garmisch-Partenkirchen railway and the railway Garmisch-Partenkirchen Innsbruck . There is a local bus connection every hour of the Eibsee-Verkehrsgesellschaft (EVG) from Garmisch-Partenkirchen via the town center to the Eibsee . The bus also goes to the stations of the Bavarian Zugspitzbahn and Deutsche Bahn.

Grainau can be reached by car via the federal highway 23 , which provides a connection to the federal highway 95 (Munich – Garmisch-Partenkirchen), to the federal highway 2 (Starnberg-Mittenwald section) and the Austrian highway B 187 . The latter also provides a connection to the B 179 , which leads over the Fernpass to the Füssen border tunnel and to the 7 federal motorway . Furthermore, the state road 2061 connects the federal road 23 with the Eibsee. In future, the Garmisch bypass will also begin in Grainau .

The closest international airports are Munich and Innsbruck .

education

The following institutions existed in 2018/19:

  • Kindergarten: 75 kindergarten places with 75 children
  • Primary school: one with nine teachers and 94 students

Sports

Ice hockey: The SC Eibsee-Grainau / ice hockey took part in the games of the Bavarian Ice Sports Association (BEV) from 1953 to 1994 . By winning the Bavarian District Championship in 1968 , the SCE was promoted to the fourth-class BLL , in which the team was able to hold up until 1971. Further successes of the SC were at the time the rise in the natural ice Bavarian league , the two-time Bavarian regional league championship and the three-fold regional league championship group south . Source: rodi-db.de

Personalities

The following personalities were born in Grainau or are or were connected with Grainau. The list is based on the year of birth.

Web links

Commons : Grainau  - collection of images, videos and audio files
Wikivoyage: Grainau  - travel guide

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ "Data 2" sheet, Statistical Report A1200C 202041 Population of the municipalities, districts and administrative districts 1st quarter 2020 (population based on the 2011 census) ( help ).
  2. ^ Community Grainau in the local database of the Bavarian State Library Online . Bayerische Staatsbibliothek, accessed on September 6, 2019.
  3. ^ Wilhelm Volkert (ed.): Handbook of Bavarian offices, communities and courts 1799–1980 . CH Beck, Munich 1983, ISBN 3-406-09669-7 , p. 469 .
  4. ↑ 1st Mayor ,. Community of Grainau, accessed on August 2, 2020 .
  5. ↑ Election of the municipal council - municipal elections 2020 in the municipality of Grainau - overall result. Retrieved May 8, 2020 .
  6. ↑ a b c d Grainau municipality. In: Statistics Kommunal 2019. Bavarian State Office for Statistics, March 2020, accessed on May 8, 2020 .
  7. ^ Entry on the coat of arms of Grainau  in the database of the House of Bavarian History
  8. ↑ Numbers and data on Grainau . ( gemeinde-grainau.de [accessed October 29, 2018]).
  9. ↑ Chronicle SC Eibsee-Grainau
  10. ↑ ref rodi-db.de, SC Eibsee-Grainau league membership