Bundesstrasse 23

	Template: Infobox high-ranking street / Maintenance / DE-B
	Bundesstrasse 23 in Germany
	map
	Basic data
Operator:	Federal Republic of Germany
Start of the street:	Peiting ; ( 47 ° 47 ′ N , 10 ° 56 ′ E )
End of street:	Garmisch-Partenkirchen ; ( 47 ° 28 ′ N , 10 ° 56 ′ E )
Overall length:	59.2 km
State :	Bavaria;
Development condition:	two-lane
	Bundesstrasse 23 near Bad Bayersoien
	Free State of Bavaria
	Weilheim-Schongau district
	Garmisch-Partenkirchen district
	Under construction; In planning; Traffic control system ;

The federal highway 23 (abbreviation B 23 ) is a German federal highway in Bavaria . It leads from Peiting to the German-Austrian border near Griesen , in parts it belongs to the German Alpine Road and between Peiting and Rottenbuch to the Romantic Road . Together with the B 17 and the B 472 , it forms the fastest connection from Augsburg to Garmisch-Partenkirchen and on via the federal highway 2 to Mittenwald and Innsbruck as well as to the Brenner Pass . Between Peiting and Oberau it largely corresponds to the medieval imperial road Via Imperii .

course

The B 23 begins at the B 472 (Schongau – Peiting bypass), Peiting Süd exit in the Weilheim-Schongau district and initially leads to Rottenbuch. This section of the route used to be in a poor condition, which resulted in several accidents, some of them serious. In the meantime it has been expanded.

B 23 on the Echelsbacher bridge

After passing through Rottenbuch you reach the Echelsbacher Bridge . The 183 m long and 76 m high arch bridge spans the Ammer . The border to the Garmisch-Partenkirchen district is also on the bridge .

Passing Bad Bayersoien you get to Saulgrub . The Saulgrub bypass was opened to traffic in two sections in autumn 2011 and December 2016. At Saulgrub, the B 23 meets the Ammergaubahn from Murnau to Oberammergau for the first time .

Via Unterammergau and past Oberammergau , the B 23 reaches Ettal . After crossing the town, the main road with the Ettaler Sattel (869 NHN ) reaches its highest point. Now it goes over serpentines down into the Loisach valley . Here the route reaches Oberau and joins the B 2 . The B 23 now runs together with the B 2 to the south for about six kilometers. After the Farchant bypass , the B 23 separates from the B 2 and runs in a south-westerly direction to Garmisch-Partenkirchen .

After crossing the Griesen district, the B 23 ends at the state border with Austria ( Tyrol ), where it merges into the Austrian B 187 (towards Lermoos , Fernpassstraße , Inntal ).

history

origin

In the 2nd century AD, Emperor Septimius Severus had the trade route over the Brenner and Seefeld saddle expanded to the Roman road Via Raetia . By shortening the route between Augsburg ( Augusta Vindelicum ) and Bozen by two to three day trips, it replaced the Via Claudia Augusta as the most important connection across the Eastern Alps . In the Middle Ages, the imperial road Via Imperii , which continued to the north and ran through Schongau, Oberammergau and Partenkirchen at the latest by the time of Ludwig IV , was built on this basis.

The current road layout on the Ettaler Sattel was built between 1887 and 1889. The construction costs amounted to 365.000 M .

Course of the road between Baiersoyen and Achen in 1838

The most difficult section of this route led from Rottenbuch to Bad Bayersoien through the Echelsbacher Schlucht ( Lage ). That is why the Echelsbach Bridge was built from November 8, 1928 to April 27, 1930 for RM 900,000 . 47.70645 10.97139

Previous routes and names

The Bavarian State Road No. 13 ran from Augsburg via Landsberg to Oberau.

Bundesstraße 23 emerged from Reichsstraße 23 in 1949 . At that time, the R 23 began in Peiting at the intersection of Schongauer Strasse / Obere Strasse / Guggenbergerstrasse on what was then the R 17 and ended in Oberau at the confluence with the R 2 . With the introduction of the federal highways , the B 23 was extended via Farchant to Garmisch-Partenkirchen. There it led to the B 24 .

Replacements

The Oberammergau bypass was opened to traffic in 1989.

The extension of the route from Garmisch-Partenkirchen to the Austrian border near Griesen took place in 1991. For this purpose, the B 24 was integrated up to there. The remainder in the Garmisch-Partenkirchen municipal area was graduated.

In 1991, as part of the Schongau – Peiting bypass road was opened to traffic, the beginning of the B 23 was moved to the B 17 exit Peiting West. The Peiting through- road was graded to a state road. The move to the current location took place after the completion of the entire bypass in 1997.

The Farchant Tunnel was opened in May 2000 .

East of Saulgrub, a 2.7 km long bypass was built between 2009 and 2016 according to a development plan approved in November 2000. Work on the first construction phase (north of State Road 2062) began in February 2009 and lasted until autumn 2011. Construction of the second construction phase began on May 6, 2013 and ended with the inauguration on December 16, 2016. The total cost was 32.2 million Euro.

Further expansion

Oberau bypass

To relieve the Oberau through traffic, the B 23 is to be led past the site to the north and west and connected to the B 2 bypass which is currently under construction. Currently (December 2011, May 2017) the technical preliminary draft is being worked out. This measure is classified as an urgent requirement in the Federal Transport Infrastructure Plans for 2003 and 2030.

Garmisch-Partenkirchen bypass

A 5.6 km long bypass is currently being built west of Garmisch-Partenkirchen. The 3.6 km long Kramer tunnel will also be built with the bypass . The cost of the project is estimated at 133 million euros. The regional planning procedure and the plan approval procedure were carried out in 2007. The planning approval decision was issued on November 30, 2007 by the government of Upper Bavaria. On June 23, 2009, the Bavarian Administrative Court dismissed an action against this decision. The Federal Ministry of Transport granted the building permit on January 29, 2010. The celebratory start of construction took place on July 27, 2010 with the participation of the Bavarian Prime Minister Horst Seehofer and the Parliamentary State Secretary in the Federal Ministry of Transport, Andreas Scheuer . In spring 2011, construction work began on the exploratory tunnel for the Kramer tunnel, which will later serve as a rescue tunnel. In July 2011, the construction work reached an area of unconsolidated rock after 700 meters, which meant that the north drive had to be stopped for safety and economic reasons. When the main tube of the Kramer tunnel can be built has not yet been determined due to a lack of funding. Nevertheless, the exploratory tunnel was driven further from the south in the direction of the unconsolidated rock area. In 2013, construction was suspended for the time being. In 2016 the building authority applied for a supplementary plan approval procedure for the further construction.

tourism

Tourist routes

The German Alpine Road runs along the B23 between the St2059 (near Rottenbuch) and Garmisch-Partenkirchen. In addition, the road between Peiting and the St2059 is part of the Romantic Road .

Attractions

Sights along the way include:

Augustinian choir monastery in Rottenbuch
Echelsbacher bridge between Rottenbuch and Bad Bayersoien
Facades decorated with Lüftlmalerei in Oberammergau

Oberammergau Passion Play

Linderhof Castle between Oberammergau and Ettal

Ettal Abbey

Scenic routes

The entire route is scenic. It leads through the following landscapes:

Alpine foothills (Peiting to Saulgrub)
Ammergau Alps (Saulgrub to Ettal)
Bavarian Prealps and Loisach Valley (Ettal to Garmisch-Partenkirchen)
Wetterstein Mountains with Zugspitze (Garmisch-Partenkirchen to the federal border)

Health resorts

The spas Bad Bayersoien and Bad Kohlgrub , the climatic health resort Ettal and the climatic health resort Garmisch-Partenkirchen are on the route.

literature

Hildebrand Dussler, expanded and reissued by Peter Bitzl, Laurentius Koch and Heinz Schelle: History of the Ettaler Bergstrasse . Association for history, art and cultural history in the district of Garmisch-Partenkirchen eV, Garmisch-Partenkirchen 1997, ISBN 3-9803980-0-8 ( formally incorrect ) .

Web links

Commons : Bundesstrasse 23 - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

↑ Farchant bypass with four lanes similar to a motorway

↑ cf. the road map from 1501 by Erhard Etzlaub , Liechtenstein Map Collection (Houghton Library), Harvard University Library

↑ Hildebrand Dussler, expanded and re-edited by Peter Bitzl, Laurentius Koch and Heinz Schelle: History of the Ettaler Bergstrasse . Association for history, art and cultural history in the district of Garmisch-Partenkirchen eV, Garmisch-Partenkirchen 1997, ISBN 3-9803980-0-8 ( formally incorrect ) , p. 95-98 .

↑ Carsten Wasow: Bundesstraßen No. 11 to 110. (No longer available online.) In: The federal and former Reichsstraßen in Germany. Archived from the original on December 13, 2011 ; Retrieved December 11, 2011 (private website).

^ Oberammergau - local history - 20th century. Historischer Verein Oberammergau, February 8, 2012, archived from the original on July 19, 2011 ; Retrieved November 3, 2012 .

^ Joseph Brandner: Farchanter Ortschronik. In: farchant.de. Farchant parish, archived from the original on April 1, 2015 ; Retrieved April 6, 2013 .

↑ ^a ^b B 23, Saulgrub bypass. In: stbawm.bayern.de. Staatliches Bauamt Weilheim, archived from the original on February 6, 2018 ; accessed on May 2, 2017 .

↑ Ludwig Hutter: Saulgrub bypass: light at the end of the tunnel. In: merkur.de. Münchner Merkur, May 6, 2013, accessed on May 12, 2013 (newspaper article).

↑ ^a ^b Ludwig Hutter: Saulgrub bypass: twelve scissors for redemption. Project costs 32.2 million euros. In: merkur.de. Münchner Merkur, December 19, 2016, accessed on May 2, 2017 (newspaper article).

^ B 23, Oberau bypass. In: stbawm.bayern.de. Staatliches Bauamt Weilheim, archived from the original on October 3, 2011 ; Retrieved December 11, 2011 .

↑ Federal Transport Infrastructure Plan 2003. Federal Ministry of Transport, Building and Urban Development, July 2, 2003, archived from the original on July 16, 2011 ; Retrieved December 11, 2011 .

↑ Dossier. Retrieved May 8, 2017 .

↑ Federal Law Gazette . Retrieved May 8, 2017 .

↑ ^a ^b B 23 Relocation west of Garmisch-Partenkirchen with the Kramer tunnel. In: stbawm.bayern.de. State Building Authority Weilheim, archived from the original on March 1, 2015 ; accessed on March 1, 2015 .

↑ Press release of the Bavarian State Chancellery from July 23, 2010.

↑ Ilka Trautmann: Transport projects are on hold. In: Kreisbote.de. Kreisbote Garmisch-Partenkirchen / Murnau, September 8, 2011, accessed on November 2, 2012 (newspaper article).

↑ Kramer tunnel near Garmisch - natural damage, cost explosion, completion questionable. In: stbawm.bayern.de. Staatliches Bauamt Weilheim, archived from the original on April 2, 2015 ; Retrieved November 2, 2011 .

↑ Kramer tunnel in Garmisch-Partenkirchen: exploratory tunnel initially without a breakthrough. Merkur-Online, October 21, 2011, accessed on May 14, 2013 .

↑ Kramer Tunnel: work stopped for the time being ; in: Merkur Online from March 9, 2012

↑ Bundesstrasse 23, Garmisch-Partenkirchen bypass with Kramer tunnel Application for additional planning approval has been submitted. Staatliches Bauamt Weilheim, July 28, 2016, archived from the original on April 21, 2018 ; accessed on May 8, 2017 .

[1] Farchant bypass with four lanes similar to a motorway