Bundesstrasse 12
Bundesstrasse 12 in Germany | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Basic data | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Operator: | Federal Republic of Germany | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Start of the street: |
Lindau ( 47 ° 32 ′ N , 9 ° 44 ′ E ) |
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End of street: |
Philippsreut ( 48 ° 53 ′ N , 13 ° 42 ′ E ) |
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Overall length: | 436 km | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
State : |
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Development condition: | see below | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
red = federal road and light blue = motorway | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Course of the road
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In Germany the federal highway 12 (abbreviation: B 12 ) leads from Lindau via Munich and Passau to Philippsreut on the Czech border, where it merges into the Silnice I / 4 to Prague .
history
origin
The origins of the road can be traced back in part to the “ Goldener Steig ” trade route : the route from Passau to Ausernbrünst near Waldkirchen was already used as a salt trade route to Bohemia around the year 1000. The section from Herzogsreut to the border was known as the “Mittlerer Goldener Steig” or “Winterberger Weg” from around 1300. Road construction in the Hochstift Passau began in the 18th century under Prince-Bishop Leopold Ernst von Firmian (1763–1783). During his reign, the Neuburger Straße between Neuburg and Passau and the road from Passau to the Bohemian border, which in 1765 was completed as far as Röhrnbach , were built.
Previous routes and names
After secularization, today's B 12 was the only street in the former Hochstift Passau that was maintained and expanded as a state road at the expense of the Bavarian state budget. The Bavarian state roads were numbered according to their starting point:
- State road no. 11: Augsburg – Kaufbeuren – Kempten – Lindau
- State road No. 89: Munich – Landsberg – Memmingen
- State road No. 106: Passau – Freyung
Fernverkehrsstraße 12 (FVS 12), established in 1932 and renamed Reichsstraße 12 (R 12) in 1934, originally ran from Lindau via Burghausen to Simbach. Around 1937 this Reichsstraße was extended to Passau. After the establishment of the Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia in 1939, the R 12 was extended further to Prague.
Expansion into a modern road
Until the 1950s, the R 12 remained largely an unpaved gravel road. 1952–1954 a new bridge over the Inn was built in Mühldorf and at the same time a new route was set up south of the narrow old town. 1957–1970 the federal highway 12 received a new road surface and was expanded according to the needs of car traffic.
Building history and course (also B 12n)
The federal highway 12 begins in Lindau in the Free State of Bavaria and leads northwards. In Weißensberg , the B 12 branches off to the east (until the 2000s, the B 18 branched off here to the north). This is immediately followed by the Weißensberg junction of the A 96 . The original branch of the B 12 / B 18 was 300 meters south until the end of the 1970s. In the course of the construction of the A 96 in the early 1980s, it was moved north. The B 12 did not get a connection to the A 96, because at that time the construction of the A 98 was still assumed. The connection to the A 96 did not take place until the early 1990s.
The B 12 now leads eastwards and reaches the state of Baden-Württemberg on the Upper Argen . The border between the two federal states then runs partially parallel to the federal highway. With the opening of the Isny bypass on July 23, 2009, the B 12 will reach Bavarian territory for around 900 meters. In the further course the B 12 reaches the Free State of Bavaria again after Großholzleute .
Originally, the B 12 ran from the state border, partly winding, via Buchenberg to Kempten, today this connection has been preserved as State Road 2055. The connection to Weitnau was completed in the 1990s. From there, the route initially follows the route of the A 98, which was originally planned as a pre-Alpine motorway, with three lanes, then similar to a motorway. However, its overall planning was abandoned due to the enormous costs, the undetectable need and a lack of acceptance. At Waltenhofen, the B 12 becomes the A 980 .
Until the 1970s, the B 12 led with numerous through-passages from Kempten via Obergünzburg , Kaufbeuren and Germaringen to Buchloe . In the 1970s, a high-performance replacement line was built from the Kempten junction ( A 7 ) via Marktoberdorf and in a wide arc around Kaufbeuren to Buchloe. On some sections of this route, the main road is over-wide.
From Buchloe, the federal road ran eastwards via Landsberg am Lech, north of the Ammersee , to Germering and then along with the B 2 to Munich . At the end of the 1970s, the Landsberg bypass was completed as a four-lane motorway - like road . After further parts to the west and east of Landsberg had been completed at the end of the 1980s, the four-lane sections that had already been completed were upgraded to the A 96. With the completion of the Etterschlager Tunnel in 1998, the Buchloe – Munich section was completely replaced by the A 96. The section from Oberpfaffenhofen to Munich was laid on its own route as early as 1972 and the B 12 in the Germering area was downgraded.
In the eastern section between Munich and the federal motorway 3 near Passau, it has been replaced by the federal motorway 94 on two sections from Munich to Forstinning and from Heldenstein to Marktl . Between Marktl and Simbach am Inn and between Kühstein and Malching , the B 12 was rebuilt on the later route of the A 94, but initially only had two lanes. The four-lane expansion of the last-mentioned section began on October 9, 2012 and was completed on November 28, 2013. Further construction phases are being planned.
The execution of this motorway line between Forstinning and Heldenstein has been prevented for 30 years by discussions about the route either through the Isental or over the route of the B 12. After the judgment of the Bavarian Administrative Court in October 2007 and the lifting of the construction stop on March 19, 2008, construction in the direction of Pastetten began. However, this construction project was subject to the rejection of the complaint against the non-admission of the appeal by the Federal Administrative Court and was rejected on December 16, 2008. The opening of this section took place on August 31, 2011. The subsequent section Pastetten – Heldenstein is currently (2016) under construction, planned completion is 2019.
Between the A 94 junctions Mühldorf- West (19) and Neuötting- East (24), the B 12 has meanwhile been downgraded to the state road with the number 2550.
The northern section from Passau to the Czech border is also being expanded. A three-lane expansion is being sought here. At Salzweg , a 1.9 km long and 2.5 million euro expansion is to take place, the 1.1 km long section Straßkirchen -Bärnbach is to be expanded to three lanes for 1.9 million euro. The preliminary draft has already been approved between Hutthurm and Großthannensteig. Here, 1.7 km are to be expanded for 3.64 million euros. A modified intersection is to be built near Ausernbrünst for 1.8 million euros. A 1.6 km long section is then to be built towards Wimperstadl for 2.2 million euros. From Aigenstadl to Freyung , 3.6 million euros are to be built over a length of 2.4 km. The 2.4 km Sonndorf – Heldengut section, which is expected to cost 3 million euros, has not yet been planned. From Heldengut to Herzogsreut , the measurements for the 3.4 km long and 3 million euro expansion piece have been completed.
Local politicians are also calling for a complete expansion to consistently three lanes and a long-term expansion of the A 94 via Passau to Prague. On the Czech side, the Dálnice 4 motorway (until the end of 2015 Rychlostní silnice 4 / expressway 4) has been expanded over a length of 42 km from a total of 150 km. However, the Czech nature and landscape protection law 114/92 prohibits a complete gap. In the Šumava National Park and in the protected landscape area of the same name that surrounds the National Park, no corridors may be set up for the expansion of expressways.
For decades, politicians and the population have been calling for a four-lane expansion of the route between Kempten (Allgäu) and Buchloe . The goal is a better connection of the Allgäu, especially Kaufbeurens, to Munich via the federal motorway 96 . In November 2016, the construction project was included in the 'Urgent Need' category of the Federal Transport Infrastructure Plan. Targeted planning was undertaken from 2016 onwards by a specially set up department at the Kempten State Building Authority. Construction is scheduled to start in 2021. The section from Kempten (Berliner Platz) to the junction with federal motorway 7 has already been expanded to four lanes.
State of development
The development of the B 12 is structured as follows:
section | Stripes | Dividing strip | comment |
---|---|---|---|
City of Lindau | 2 | No | urban |
City area Lindau - Lindau-Schönbühl | 2 (partly 3) | Yes | |
Lindau-Schönbühl - Weißensberg | 2 | No | |
Weißensberg - Seltmans | 2 | No | |
Seltmans - at Weilerle | 2 (partly 3) | No | crossing free |
near Weilerle - Waltenhofen | 4th | Yes | motorway-like |
Kempten - Jengen / Kaufbeuren | 2 (partly 3) | No | crossing free |
Hohenlinden - Heldenstein | 2 | No | |
Burghausen - Simbach am Inn | 2 | No | crossing free |
Simbach am Inn - Pocking | 2 | No | |
Passau-Mitte - Passau | 2 | No | |
City of Passau | 4th | No | urban |
Passau - St 2319 Passau-Sieglberg | 3 | No | |
St 2319 Passau-Sieglberg -Philippsreut border crossing | 2 | No |
Accident blackspot
The eastern section between Forstinning and Pocking, which was heavily used at the time, was popularly referred to as "Death Line No. 1" because fatal accidents occurred almost regularly. Almost 350 people were killed there in 20 years; in 2003 alone there were 13.
A serious accident in autumn 2004 prompted the use of police helicopters against speeders. Subsequently, the area around Haag i.OB was monitored for a longer period of time, and it was also announced for subsequent periods that the police would receive support from the air for this endangered route at irregular intervals. In October 2006, the Upper Bavarian Police Headquarters assessed the effect of the speed monitoring, which was also increased with conventional means, as positive; In the first half of 2006, in addition to more than 3,500 violations, there was a decrease in the number of accidents compared to the same period in the previous year.
Trivia
Before the entire B 12 and federal roads in general became subject to tolls for trucks over 7.5 tons from July 1, 2018 , this toll obligation existed according to the Federal Trunk Road Toll Act (BFStrMG) on the 8.6 km long section from connection B 12 Weitnau Osterhofen via the connection Weitnau Hellengerst / Hochmoorstraße to the Waltenhofen junction. This also applied to the 2.1 km long section between Kempten Stephan- / Reinhartser Straße and Kempten crossing.
See also
Web links
- Project website for the expansion construction site of Bundesstraße 12
- Detailed route description of the pre-alpine motorway that was previously planned as federal motorway 98
Individual evidence
- ^ Isny B12 bypass is released. (No longer available online.) In: all-in.de. Allgäu-Rundschau, July 21, 2009, archived from the original on March 7, 2014 ; Retrieved December 9, 2011 .
- ↑ Unzner: Ceremonial opening to traffic on Friday October 23, 2009 . Ed .: Autobahn Directorate South Bavaria. Regensburg October 21, 2009 ( online as PDF [accessed December 9, 2011] press release).
- ↑ A94: the first kilometers in Lower Bavaria open to traffic. Wochenblatt Pfarrkirchen-Rottal / Inn, November 28, 2013, accessed on November 28, 2013 .
- ↑ Motorway A 94 may be built in the Forstinning-Pastetten section. (No longer available online.) Federal Administrative Court, December 16, 2008, archived from the original on May 11, 2009 ; Retrieved December 9, 2011 (Press Release No. 86/2008).
- ↑ Oberbayerisches Volksblatt (ed.): The end of an era has begun . Mühldorf December 16, 2008 (newspaper article).
- ↑ Projects in the field of road construction. In: stbaro.bayern.de. State Building Authority Rosenheim, accessed on December 9, 2011 (project page).
- ↑ The expansion of the B12 is given top priority. In: augsburger-allgemeinde.de, November 14, 2016 (accessed November 19, 2017)
- ↑ Expansion: Building authority: the four-lane B12 expansion could begin in 2021 - Kempten (Allgäu) . In: all-in.de - the Allgäu online! ( all-in.de [accessed on August 20, 2018]).
- ↑ Police Headquarters Upper Bavaria (ed.): Positive half-year balance for Bundesstraße 12 - control pressure shows effect . Munich October 13, 2006 (press release).
- ↑ July 1, 2018: Toll on all federal highways. DEKRA , October 17, 2017, accessed on March 14, 2018 .
- ↑ Federal Highway Research Institute: The toll table 4.4 (federal roads) . PDF. Online at www.mauttabelle.de, accessed on July 26, 2016.