Philippsreut

coat of arms	Germany map
	Coordinates: 48 ° 52 '  N , 13 ° 41'  E
Basic data
State :	Bavaria
Administrative region :	Lower Bavaria
County :	Freyung-Grafenau
Management Community :	Hinterschmiding
Height :	981 m above sea level NHN
Area :	10.22 km 2
Residents:	631 (Dec. 31, 2019)
Population density :	62 inhabitants per km 2
Postal code :	94158
Primaries :	08550, 08557
License plate :	FRG, GRA, WOS
Community key :	09 2 72 139
Community structure:	6 districts
Association administration address:	Dorfplatz 23 94146 Hinterschmiding
Website :	www.philippsreut.de
Mayor :	Helmut Knaus (BP / FW)
Location of the community of Philippsreut in the Freyung-Grafenau district

Philippsreut is a municipality in the Lower Bavarian district of Freyung-Grafenau and a member of the Hinterschmiding administrative community . It is a state-approved resort .

geography

View from the Haidel to Philippsreut

The Catholic Expositur Church of St. Karl Borromeo

Geographical location

The municipality is located in the Danube Forest region in the Lower Bavarian Forest, right on the border with the Czech Republic (CZ) on Glasstrasse 15 km northeast of the district town of Freyung . The Mitterfirmiansreut ski center, located in the community area around the 1140 meter high Almberg, is a popular holiday destination. Due to the high location of the village on an open ridge, the climate here is quite rough , which is particularly influenced by the cold north-east wind, known by the locals as the Böhmwind .

The watershed between the Danube (Black Sea) and Moldau (North Sea) runs through the municipality ; A monument on the right just before entering the town from Freyung points to the watershed .

Community structure

There are six districts:

• Philippsreut ( 981  m above sea level )
• Mitterfirmiansreut ( 1040  m above sea level )
• Hinterfirmiansreut (in the vernacular "die Schmelz" because of a historic glassworks)
• Vorderfirmiansreut
• Alpe ( 1122  m above sea level )
• Marchhäuser

history

Until the 19th century

The location in the former Bishopric of Passau was in 1803 with the largest part of the Bishopric of territory in favor of the Archduke Ferdinand of Tuscany secularized and fell until 1805 with the peace treaties of Brno and Bratislava to Bavaria. The place arose from a watering station on the former "Mittlere Goldenen Steig" or "Winterberger Weg", once the most important trade route in southern Germany. The place was founded in 1692 by order of the Passau prince-bishop Johann PHILIPP von Lamberg (ruled 1689-1712) as "Kleinphilippsreut". (The place Mauth was previously called Grossphilippsreut).

The villages of Vorder-, Mitter- and Hinterfirmiansreut were founded in 1764 by the Passau prince-bishop Leopold Ernst Cardinal von Firmian (1763–1783).

In the village itself there used to be a lot of musicians who went from village to village and festival to festival. For a few pfennigs they played up there. This is where the earlier popular name Pfenniggeigerhäuser comes from .

20th and 21st centuries

On July 1, 1936, the municipality of Kleinphilippsreut was officially renamed Philippsreut .

The former Schwarzenthal glassworks settlement also belonged to the Philippsreut community until 1945 .

Mitterfirmiansreut Snow Church

The place became known in 1911 when the building of a church made of snow in Mitterfirmiansreut pointed to the pastoral emergency in the snowy area. In the winter of 2011/2012 a new snow church was built to commemorate this protest. Completion was delayed due to a lack of snow. By the beginning of February 2012 around 10,000 visitors had already been counted. The Bavarian State Association of the Association of German Architects awarded the temporary church the BDA Prize Bavaria 2013 in the social commitment category after it had already melted .

The Philippsreut branch was established on January 1, 1928. The original Expositurkirche was completely destroyed by a grenade impact at the end of April 1945. The current church was built between 1946 and 1950. It is the only church in the Diocese of Passau that is consecrated to Saint Karl Borromeo, Bishop of Milan. Philippsreut, Vorderfirmiansreut and Marchhäuser belong to the parish district.

The Mitterfirmiansreut branch has existed since 1930. The Expositurkirche St. Josef was built in 1923 and expanded in 1932 by the presbytery. The areas of Mitter- and Hinterfirmiansreut, Alpe and Neuhäusl belong to the district of the St. Josef Mitterfirmiansreut branch.

Border crossing to the Czech Republic

Incorporations

In 1945 or 1946 part of the dissolved Annathal community was incorporated.

Population development

Between 1988 and 2018, the population fell from 716 to 627 by 89 inhabitants or by 12.4% - together with the neighboring municipality of Haidmühle, the clearest decrease in population in the district in the period mentioned.

• 1961: 788 inhabitants
• 1970: 738 inhabitants
• 1987: 715 inhabitants
• 1991: 750 inhabitants
• 1995: 767 inhabitants
• 2000: 785 inhabitants
• 2005: 757 inhabitants
• 2010: 716 inhabitants
• 2015: 660 inhabitants

politics

Municipal council

Town hall (municipal office) of Philippsreut

Since the municipal council election on May 10, 2015, the municipal council has been composed as follows:

• Bavarian Party / Free Voters: 4 seats
• CSU : 2 seats
• Christian constituency (CWG): 2 seats

mayor

The community of Philippsreut has existed in its current form since 1946. The following mayors shaped the community's history:

• Josef Schrottenbaum from Philippsreut 1946–1948
• Franz Friedsam from Philippsreut 1948–1954
• Leopold Denk from Mitterfirmiansreut 1954–1960
• Johann Blöchl from Philippsreut 1960–1970
• Otto Damasko from Philippsreut 1970–1996
• Alfred Schraml from Philippsreut 1996-2014
• Helmut Knaus from Hinterfirmiansreut since 2014

coat of arms

The description of the coat of arms reads: By a narrow silver wavy bar divided by red and green; at the top two golden bishop's staffs crossed at an angle, at the bottom three silver conifers growing out of the edge of the shield. The municipality has had the coat of arms since 1966.

Town twinning

Community sponsorships exist with the displaced Bohemian Forests from the towns of Obermoldau , Pfefferschlag , Neugebäu and country roads.

Culture and sights

• Tusset Chapel in Philippsreut as a faithful replica of the chapel on Tussetberg in the Czech Republic, the focus of the annual pilgrimage to the miraculous image of Our Lady of Tusset on August 15
• 300-year-old linden tree in Hinterfirmiansreut
• Lookout rocks on the Almberg
• Parish church of St. Karl Borromeo in Philippsreut
• Expositurkirche St. Josef in Mitterfirmiansreut
• Brother Konrad Chapel on the Alm

Architectural monuments

→ Main article : List of architectural monuments in Philippsreut

societies

The largest clubs in the community of Philippsreut are the Mitterfirmiansreut e. V., the two volunteer fire brigades Philippsreut and Mitterfirmiansreut, the Schützengilde Philippsreut, the Schützenverein Edelweiß-Alm Mitterfirmiansreut, the mountain rescue team Wolfstein , the sports club Philippsreut, the soldiers and warriors club Philippsreut, the poultry breeding club Vorderfirmiansreut and the Catholic women's group. There are also other, smaller clubs.

Soil monuments

See: List of ground monuments in Philippsreut

Economy and Infrastructure

Economy including agriculture and forestry

There were a total of 229 employees at the place of residence subject to social security contributions. There were two companies in the manufacturing industry (as well as mining and quarrying of stones and earth), and no companies in the main construction industry. In addition, in 1999 there were 36 farms with an agriculturally used area of ​​204 ha. All of this was permanent green space.

tourism

Monument on the watershed between Danube and Vltava

The Mitterfirmiansreut-Philippsreut ski center is located in the community and is operated by a special-purpose association between the Freyung-Grafenau district and the Philippsreut community. A double chair lift and several tow lifts open up the slopes of all levels of difficulty around the Almberg . The construction of the ski center began in the 1960s. Today the Mitterfirmiansreut-Philippsreut ski center is the largest and most modern ski center in the Lower Bavarian Forest. In recent years new investments have been made in the “junior ski circus” near the Alpe district. There are several hotels, restaurants and accommodation providers in the ski center. The ski center and the catering facilities offer numerous jobs, especially depending on the season. The "family winterland" Mitterdorf is a popular holiday destination. It is just as important as a local recreation area. The Kißlinger downhill run is a race track that has been awarded by the FIS and has repeatedly hosted major international ski events such as the Arnold Lunn World Cup.

Cross-border hikes have been possible since 2008. Two border crossing points at Vorder- and Hinterfirmiansreut provide a connection to the road network in the Bohemian Forest. The hiker is offered impressive impressions of the lost German places in the Bohemian Forest (country roads, Ober- / Unterlichtbuchet, etc.).

traffic

The federal highway 12 leads across the municipality to the very busy border crossing to Strážný ( Kuschwarda ) in the Czech Republic , where the road merges into the expressway 4 to Prague. After the Czech Republic joined the EU on May 1, 2004, traffic continued to grow; Because of the customs exemption, the workforce at the border crossing was drastically reduced. After the Schengen Agreement for the German-Czech border came into force on December 21, 2007, the border crossing was completely closed. The B 12 leads directly to the border crossing via a newly built bypass road around the town. On the B 12 it is around 50 km to Passau and in the opposite direction 165 km on the R 4 to the Czech capital Prague .

education

The following institutions exist (as of: 1999):

• kindergarten
• School associations with Mauth and Haidmühle (elementary school), Hohenau and Freyung (secondary school)
• Secondary schools (Realschule, Gymnasium) can be visited in Freyung

Honorary citizen

• Otto Damasko (†), First Mayor from 1970 to 1996, made an honorary citizen
• Ernst Dorn (†), senior director of studies a. D., book author and local researcher, holder of the Federal Cross of Merit
• Max Richtsfeld, long-standing (40 years) Catholic parish priest of Philippsreut and Mitterfirmiansreut until 2006, was made an honorary citizen on the occasion of his 70th birthday on April 3, 2004
• Max Springer (†), honored community clerk
• Karl Kißlinger (1926–2008), Member of the Bundestag a. D., former teacher in Mitterfirmiansreut, initiator of ski tourism in Mitterfirmiansreut, honorary citizen since 1965
• Max Brandner (†), Expositus from 1944 to 1950, builder of the parish church of St. Karl Borromeo, honorary citizen since 1976

literature

• Ernst Dorn : Home on the border. ISBN 3-00-001354-7
• Ernst Dorn: Herzogsreut, Philippsreut: Two pastoral care centers in the rear Bavarian Forest
• Ernst Dorn: 300 years of Philippsreut
• Parish Philippsreut (Ed.): Philippsreut - A pastoral care center in the Bavarian Forest: A film about the parish

Individual evidence

1. ↑ "Data 2" sheet, Statistical Report A1200C 202041 Population of the municipalities, districts and administrative districts 1st quarter 2020 (population based on the 2011 census) ( help ).
2. ^ Philippsreut Bayerische Landesbibliothek Online, accessed on October 2, 2018.
3. ^ Wilhelm Volkert (ed.): Handbook of Bavarian offices, communities and courts 1799–1980 . CH Beck, Munich 1983, ISBN 3-406-09669-7 , p. 595 .
4. ↑ 100 Years of the Snow Church , accessed on November 5, 2011
5. ↑ RP-online from February 6, 2012: The Snow Church in Mitterfirmiansreut
6. ↑ BDA Prize Bavaria 2013. (No longer available online.) BDA Bavaria, archived from the original on September 5, 2014 ; accessed on September 23, 2014 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  
7. ^ Wilhelm Volkert (ed.): Handbook of Bavarian offices, communities and courts 1799–1980 . CH Beck, Munich 1983, ISBN 3-406-09669-7 , p. 596 .
8. ↑ Jennifer Jahns: After the new election: Now the cards are reshuffled Passauer Neue Presse from May 10, 2015, accessed on October 2, 2018.

Web links

Commons : Philippsreut  - collection of pictures, videos and audio files

• Entry on the coat of arms of Philippsreut  in the database of the House of Bavarian History

• Tusset Chapel
• Philippsreut: Official statistics of the LfStat