Johanniskirche (Frankfurt am Main)

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Johanniskirche
Frankfurt am Main-Bornheim
The Johanniskirche in Bornheim
Interior length of the nave 22.50 meters
Inside width nave 15 meters
Height tower 50 meters
Floor plan tower 7.50 by 7.50 meters
Height of roof ridge 20 metres
Number of bells 3

The baroque Johanniskirche is the church of the Evangelical Parish Frankfurt am Main - Bornheim in the Evangelical Church in Hesse and Nassau . It has been named after John the Baptist since 1896 .

history

The Johanniskirche is located in the old town center of the Bornheim district , which has belonged to the Free Imperial City of Frankfurt since 1474 . At the site of today's church there has been a chapel since the Middle Ages from around 750 , which was consecrated to the martyrs Abdon and Sennen . Until 1712 this structure was repaired and extended several times. A baroque church was built on its foundation walls on October 14, 1753 , which was destroyed in 1776 by a fire caused by a lightning strike . Today's late baroque hall church was built in 1778/1779 by city architect Johann Andreas Liebhardt . The foundation stone was laid on June 25, 1778 and the inauguration took place on October 10, 1779. As the first building in what is now Frankfurt am Main, it received a weather arrester (= lightning rod ) on the tower and roof of the church, which was constructed by Professor Hemmer from Mannheim and which the master locksmith Alb from Frankfurt am Main had made.

The first renovation took place in 1873 with the installation of the north staircase to the gallery and the relocation of the organ . In 1896 the Bornheim church was completely renovated and was named Johanniskirche.

During the Second World War , the Johanniskirche was badly damaged by aerial bombs in the air raids on Frankfurt am Main in 1944 . All 15 windows and the ceiling painting were destroyed and the roof, gallery and organ were badly damaged. The church was consecrated again on May 23, 1948 after the war damage had been repaired.

In 1955, the bells of the then newly built Evangelical Church of the Savior were matched to those of St. John's Church and the Holy Cross Church , so that all bells could sound together without disharmony .

1978 to 1980 the inner nave and the church tower were extensively renovated because the tower had tilted to the side as a result of a lowering of the groundwater level due to the construction of the underground line in Bornheim. The tower was separated from the nave and over 10 m reaching into the soil piles of concrete intercepted. In 1994 the renovation of the tower was completed and two new bells were installed.

According to the resolution of the community assembly of November 17, 2013, extensive renovation was carried out from March to December 2014, the new exterior plaster, a bright repainting of the interior, cleaning of the altar, repair and painting of the woodwork, replacement of the lighting, an enlargement of the Altar pedestals included. The church windows were made lighter according to the design by Lönne + Neumann from Paderborn , the medallions with the four evangelists in the front four windows were newly framed in light patterned glass. The altar table, ambo and baptismal font have been redesigned and their arrangement revised. Instead of the pews, 180 chairs were purchased. On December 7, 2014, the renovation was completed with a solemn dedication service.

architecture

Onion dome of the Johanniskirche from the west
Church interior
Two of the church windows with the evangelists Luke and John

tower

The church tower is a landmark of Bornheim. It has a distinctive stepped spire , which is covered by a Welschen hood , which makes up about 2/5 of the total height of the tower. Because of its onion dome , the Johanniskirche is also popularly called Zwiwwelkersch . The tower rises in the west to a height of almost 50 meters above a square floor plan of 7.50 by 7.50 meters. It is offset slightly to the south in relation to the axis of the nave. The tower was built on masonry from the Middle Ages . However, the nave was widened to 15 meters opposite and at the same time moved to the north opposite the tower due to older graves . The plastered tower made of sandstone has a shaft that ends at the top with a richly articulated cornice, which arches in the axis of symmetry . The clock faces of the tower clock are located in the bulges .

  • Bell “Rogate” in the tower

  • Roof truss in the tower

  • Bells in the tower

Nave

After the Katharinenkirche in the city ​​center , the Johanniskirche is the largest and most important baroque sacred building in Frankfurt and at the same time the largest church in the former Frankfurt villages. It is considered the most important religious building of the 18th century in Frankfurt am Main. The Johanniskirche is a hall church . It thus corresponds to the late Gothic room concept of the previous building. The interior of the nave , including the polygonal choir, is 22.50 meters long and 15 meters wide. The church square is in front of the choir in the east. The mansard roof is unusually elegant for the architecture of a village . The height of the roof ridge is 20 meters. From the beginning, the nave and tower each had their own lightning rod. The foundation stone from 1778 is located outside on the northeast corner opposite the rectory .

Furnishing

inner space

A wooden gallery runs along the sides and on the west wall , supported by five wooden pillars on the north and south sides of the church. The stone sacrificial stock from 1783 is located in the tower room. The horizontal of the nave is emphasized by galleries and cornices. The high altar is in its axis. Until it was destroyed in the war, the gallery was continuous and lay in front of the windows. In the area of ​​the four windows in the chancel, the gallery was removed during the repairs in 1948. On the north side of the nave there is an epitaph for Johann Gerhard Münch, who was pastor from 1680 to 1693 , a memorial inscription for the victims of the Second World War and a sandstone sculpture by Friedhelm Welges from 1984 (torso of a suffering person) in a side niche .

The high altar with pulpit was created in 1779 by the sculptor Johann Leonhard Aufmuth , the carpenter Dietz and the painter Johannes Nothnagel. It is made of marbled wood . It has Tuscan columns and pilasters with Corinthian capitals , frieze and cornice . Two angels form the top . In between there is a crucifix in a medallion .

window

The motifs of today's four stained glass windows in the chancel represent the four evangelists, Matthew , Markus , Lukas and Johannes . They were installed in 1948 instead of the windows from 1896 that were destroyed in the war in 1944. The old windows were created by the glass painting workshop Rudolf and Otto Linnemann from Frankfurt in 1906, 1912 and 1922.

organ

Schuke organ from 2008

The organ is on the west gallery . The listed organ case dates from 1874. The former work of the Ludwigsburg organ builder Walcker was renovated in 1949 and expanded from 24 to 32 registers , but in the end no longer met the requirements. It was therefore expanded in January 2008. The new organ was built behind the listed prospectus. It took over four registers from the old Walcker organ and comes from the Berlin organ building company Karl Schuke . The new organ was inaugurated on January 25, 2009. The slider chests -instrument has 32 stops on two manuals and pedal . The oboe in the swell is housed in its own wind swell. The game actions are mechanical, the stop actions are electric.

I Hauptwerk C – g 3
1. Drone 16 '
2. Principal 8th'
3. Flauto Amabile 8th'
4th Viola da gamba 8th'
5. Reed flute 8th'
6th Octave 4 '
7th Hollow flute 4 '
8th. Octave 2 '
9. Cornett III
10. Mixture IV
11. Trumpet 8th'
II Swell C – g 3
12. Lovely Gedackt 16 '
13. Violin principal 8th'
14th Aeoline 8th'
15th Vox coelestis 8th'
16. Dumped 8th'
17th Fugata 4 '
18th Transverse flute 4 '
19th Nazard 2 2 ⁄ 3  ′
20th Piccolo 2 '
21st Tierce 1 3 ⁄ 5  ′
22nd Sif flute 1'
23. Progressio III
24. clarinet 8th'
25th oboe 8th'
Tremulant
Pedal C – f 1
26th Violon 16 '
27. Sub bass 16 '
28. Octavbass 8th'
29 cello 8th'
30th Bass flute 8th'
31. Choral bass 4 '
32. trombone 16 '
  • Coupling : II / I, I / P, II / P
  • 4000-fold setting system
  • Wind swell for oboe 8 'in SW
  • Oboe 8 'on a pneumatic cone chest

Kirchgarten

The church garden was Bornheim's cemetery until 1761 . After that, only a few relatives of the respective pastor and a mayor who died in office were buried there. A bronze sculpture from 1929 by the Frankfurt sculptor Georg Mahr commemorates those who died in the First World War .

Luminale

Installation “BLICK (T) RÄUME” for Luminale 2014 outside the church
  • The Johanniskirche was one of the venues of the Luminale 2008 from April 6 to 11, 2008. The light installation by photographer Peter Habermehl, combined with music from CD , consisted of three lighting concepts that could be activated by the visitors with a rotary switch . The three different moods represented by light enabled the visitors to see the church in a different light again and again. The artistic goal of the installation was to provide metaphorical food for thought through visual and haptic perception .
  • During the Luminale 2010 from April 11 to 16, 2010, an installation by Peter Habermehl could also be seen in the Johanniskirche. The installation interface church window consisted of four projection surfaces in front of four church windows to the left and right of the chancel. The outside light was seen as a worldly influence on the church and faith . This was symbolized by twelve different photographs of artistic installations. These were projected onto the projection surfaces in alternation with images of the church windows with figures with the heads of humans , lions , bulls and eagles , which symbolize the four evangelists Matthew , Mark , Luke and John . The artistic images stood for the course of the seasons that affect the church year . This light installation was accompanied by organ music .
  • During Luminale 2012 from April 15 to 20, 2012, another installation by Peter Habermehl was on view in the Johanniskirche. The installation, entitled Light and Sound Creation, consisted of spotlights attached to the outside of the church, which shone inward through the church windows, and the projection of geometric patterns on the church ceiling above the altar. The light work of art was accompanied by the sound of natural sound instruments and organ music, which were merged into an unusual, soul-touching sound collage. The natural sound instruments played by the sound artist and musician Frank Köstler were a didgeridoo , drum , buzzing arch and a singing bowl made of silicon . The organ music of the organist Timo Rinke symbolized the creation story of the Bible . At the opening, the story of creation was read by the actor Ben Becker .
  • During the Luminale 2014 from March 30th to April 4th 2014, the installation "VIEW (T) ROOMS" of the Luminaleprojekt of the Evangelical parish of Bornheim based on the concept of Peter Habermehl in the outer environment of the Johanniskirche was due to the renovation of the church. As an allusion to the construction work, red and white barrier tapes were stretched like a fan between the church, the parish hall and the day care center and illuminated by spotlights when it was dark . This created new spatial impressions that enabled different perspectives depending on the viewing angle. The installation was complemented by artistic landscape images from Ahrenshoop and images of the architecture and symbolism of the church, which were projected onto a house wall as a multivision .

literature

  • Church council of the Johannisgemeinde (Ed.): 200 years of Johanniskirche . Frankfurt am Main 1980 (Festschrift from 1980).
  • Carl Wolff, Rudolf Jung: The Johanniskirche in Frankfurt am Main.-Bornheim . For the dedication of the restored church on September 13, 1896. Frankfurt am Main 1896.
  • Wolfram Scholz, Volker Amend, Björn Wissenbach: Small guide through and around the Johanniskirche . Ed .: Church council of the Ev. Parish Frankfurt-Bornheim. 2009.

Web links

Commons : Johanniskirche (Frankfurt-Bornheim)  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Ernst Weber: The building committee - The building of the Heilandskirche as a task of the building and working committee . In: Ernst Klöß (Ed.): Festschrift for the inauguration of the Evangelical-Lutheran Heilandskirche Frankfurt / Main on September 4, 1955 . Frankfurt am Main 1955, p. 13 .
  2. ↑ The church is renovated . In: We in Bornheim - community newspaper of the evangelical parish Frankfurt am Main-Bornheim . 1 (February / March 2015), p. 10-11 .
  3. ↑ http://www.rhein-main.net/sixcms/list.php?page=fnp2_news_article&id=4344624 (link not available)
  4. ^ Thomas Breitenbach: Johanniskirche Schuke organ. In: Website of the Johanniskantorei Frankfurt-Bornheim, choir of the Ev. Parish Frankfurt-Bornheim. Johanniskantorei Frankfurt-Bornheim, archived from the original on December 3, 2013 ; Retrieved April 5, 2014 .
  5. ↑ Flyer Luminale 2008 - Project of the Evangelical Church Community Frankfurt am Main-Bornheim in the Johanniskirche
  6. ↑ Peter Habermehl: Luminale 2008 in the Johanniskirche. Evangelical Church Community Frankfurt am Main - Bornheim, 2008, accessed on February 26, 2014 .
  7. ↑ Ralf Jankowski: Light and Message - Interview with Peter Habermehl about his installation for the Luminale 2008 in the Johanniskirche. Evangelical Church Community Frankfurt am Main - Bornheim, 2008, accessed on February 26, 2014 .
  8. ↑ Luminale 2010 - Interface Church Windows. Evangelical Church Community Frankfurt am Main - Bornheim, 2010, accessed on February 26, 2014 .
  9. ↑ Peter Habermehl: Peter Habermehl - perspective. 2012, accessed February 26, 2014 .
  10. ↑ Peter Habermehl: Peter Habermehl - Luminale 2012. In: Luminale 2012 projection images. 2012, accessed February 26, 2014 .
  11. ↑ Messe Frankfurt Medien und Service GmbH (publisher): luminale - Frankfurt RheinMain 30.3. - 4.4.2014 (program) . Frankfurt am Main 2014, p. 107 (event number) .
  12. ↑ Peter Habermehl, Eva Häfner, Friedhart Lehmann, Andreas Cornel, Ralf Stier, Reinhardt Linder: BLICK (T) ROOMS - The Luminaleprojekt der Johanniskirche (Flyer) . Ed .: Luminaleprojekt of the Evangelical Church Community Frankfurt am Main-Bornheim. Frankfurt am Main 2014.

Coordinates: 50 ° 7 ′ 50.9 ″  N , 8 ° 42 ′ 41.6 ″  E