Gross St. Arnold (Arnoldsweiler)

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Great St. Arnold in Arnoldsweiler
West portal
Choir and bell tower
inner space

Groß St. Arnold is a Roman Catholic parish and pilgrimage church in Arnoldsweiler , a district of Düren in the Düren district in North Rhine-Westphalia . Because of its size and the three towers, the church is popularly called the Dürener Land cathedral . It was built between 1899 and 1902 according to plans by Theodor Roß .

The church is entered under number 13/2 in the list of architectural monuments in Düren and is dedicated to St. Consecrated to Arnold von Arnoldsweiler .

location

The church building is located in the center of Arnoldsweiler. Arnoldusstrasse (L 257) leads directly to the church as an axis and widens to a square in front of the church. Rather Straße (L 257) leads past the south side and the old parish church and the war memorial are located directly to the north .

history

Arnoldsweiler is an old parish . A church was first mentioned in a document from Archbishop Hermann I of Cologne from August 11, 922. In it, the Archbishop leaves the church with Fronhof (Salland) in Ginizwilere to the St. Ursulastift in Cologne . It is the predecessor of today's Old Parish Church.

In 1159, Arnoldsweiler was first described as an independent parish in a document dated May 23rd. In the Liber valoris from 1308, the parish is listed in the Deanery Jülich in the Archdiocese of Cologne . Even then, the church was consecrated to the local patron Arnold von Arnoldsweiler. When the Archdiocese of Cologne was dissolved during the French era , the parish came to the newly founded Diocese of Aachen in 1802 . This was dissolved again in 1825 and Arnoldsweiler came back to the Archdiocese of Cologne. Since 1930 the place belongs again to the re-established diocese of Aachen. With several neighboring parishes, the parish today forms the Community of Parishes (GdG) St. Franziskus Düren-Nord .

Building history

Since the old parish church had become too small, it should be demolished in 1895. As early as 1893 it was decided to build a new church. The Cologne Vicariate General and the Conservator of the Rhine Province , Paul Clemen , campaigned for the preservation of the old church. Instead, the parsonage was demolished to make room for the new church .

The Cologne architect Theodor Roß , who had already planned the churches in Eschweiler via Feld and Merzenich in the Düren district , was commissioned to plan a new parish church on the site of the rectory and rectory to the south of the old parish church. In 1899 the construction of the new parish church began. The foundation stone was laid on October 8, 1899 by the Düren dean and pastor of St. Anna, Otto Josef Lohmann . In the middle of 1902 the new parish church was completed. The solemn church consecration and consecration took place on June 15, 1902 by the then Auxiliary Bishop of Cologne and later Archbishop Antonius Fischer . The great church could not hold all believers for this ceremony. In addition to the local pastor Engelbert Valder, various priests from the neighboring parishes also appeared and Auxiliary Bishop Fischer was accompanied by Cologne Cathedral Chapter Ludger Pingsmann and Cathedral Vicar Arnold Steffens.

The parish church was badly damaged during the Second World War . The crossing vault collapsed and the outer walls were marked with bullet holes. The temporary reconstruction took place in the 1950s and was completed with the renovation of the interior in 1959. From 1964 to 1966 the exterior was completely renovated. A large part of the natural stone surrounds were renewed, the masonry restored and the roofs covered with slate again ; simple roof tiles had been laid after the war. In addition, the four tympanums above the entrances were replaced by new ones made of sandstone, designed by Erika Vonhoff.

Between 1999 and 2000 the masonry of the two west towers and the bell tower was repaired and the spire was renovated. In addition, new wooden sound shutters were installed in the sound holes and the lightning protection and slate roofing were revised. The last renovation of the interior with renewal of the white interior painting took place at the beginning of 2002.

Building description

Groß St. Arnold is a three-aisled cruciform basilica made of bricks in the neo-Romanesque style . The west building forms the end of the church to the west. This includes two 27 meter high towers that are built in front of the aisles. The two lower floors are square, on the upper floor they merge into an octagon. The southern tower only serves as a staircase to the organ gallery, in the northern a conversion bell is hung. In the middle part is the main portal, which is slightly in front. Above it is a rosette . Inside, the west building houses the organ gallery with the organ.

The three-aisled and four-bay nave adjoins the west building to the east up to the transept . The central nave is twice the width of the side aisles. While the windows in the upper aisle are semicircular, the window openings in the side aisles are pointed arches, as are the arcades, which are supported by polished granite columns.

The rectangular transept protrudes clearly from the nave and measures 25 meters and is the same height as the central nave. In contrast to the nave, the yokes are square. Only the north and south walls have window openings. In the lower area there are two rosettes and in the upper area a kind of triplet window , of which the lateral ones are lower than the middle one.

The main choir and the two secondary choirs adjoin to the east. The side choirs of the side aisles have a yoke and close with a semicircular windowless apse . The main choir is also one-bay and takes up the entire width of the central nave. It also closes with a semicircular apse, which is divided in the lower area by three conches and outside by a dwarf gallery . The mighty 47 meter high three-storey choir tower rises above the Chorjoch . The bell tower of the Great St. Martin Church in Cologne served as a model . The tower has four octagonal turrets and store an eight-page spire .

The parish church is 45 meters long. The interior is vaulted with ribbed vaults . The roofs are completely covered with slate . The faithful are offered 600 seats.

Furnishing

The Düsseldorf church painter Heinrich Nüttgens painted the interior in Nazarene style in 1911 and 1913 . This painting was painted over in 1959 and has not been exposed to this day. Only the portrait of Pastor Heinrich Sassen was not whitewashed. Furthermore, two mosaics by Friedrich Stummel from Kevelaer from 1918 and 1919 have been preserved. The high altar erected in 1907 was made by the Raeren artist Leonhard Mennicken based on a design by Theodor Roß.

The celebration altar was created by the Aachen sculptor Erika Vonhoff from Anröchter dolomite and consecrated by the Aachen Auxiliary Bishop Gerd Dicke for the opening of the Arnoldus Octave on July 10, 1971 . Relics of St. Arnold and St. Pope Urban I. laid. Vonhoff also created the new ambo , a lecture cross and a matching candlestick, as well as the priest's seats. The tympana above the four entrances was also created by Erika Vonhoff. The stained glass windows were designed by Johannes Beeck from Hinsbeck in the 1960s and manufactured and used by the Rudolf Maur company in Ahrweiler . The theme of the windows is: The battle of light against darkness and victory over the night. The eight Apostle candlesticks in the two side aisles come from the St. Pankratius Church in Altdorf , which fell victim to the Inden open-cast lignite mine in the 1990s.

organ

Klais organ

The electro-pneumatic organ of Johannes Klais was 1914 as part of a larger organ on the Werkbund Exhibition issued. In 1915/16 the organ was installed in Groß St. Arnold. Heinrich Renard designed the organ front . During the Second World War, the church and the Klais organ were damaged. On May 2, 1954, the organ was inaugurated again after repair and renovation. During this renovation, the middle section of the prospectus was removed in order to gain more space for the choir on the organ gallery. In addition, some registers have been replaced. The fifth 2 2 ⁄ 3  ′ became the sif flute 1 1 ⁄ 3  ′, the third 1 3 ⁄ 5  ′ became the sesquialter 2f, the concert flute 8 ′ became Scharff 3-4f and horn 8 ′ became Schalmey 8 ′. In addition to these changes in the registers of both manuals, changes were also made to the registers in the pedal . These modifications were carried out by the organ building company Johannes Klais in Bonn.

In the 1990s the instrument became desolate and consideration was given to purchasing a completely new organ. However, one quickly saw the historical importance of this organ and due to the original magnets from 1914 the organ was placed under monument protection. The instrument has largely been returned to its original state. The registers, which were replaced in 1954, were reconstructed by the Klais company, only the changes in the pedal were retained. Most of the registers are still original from 1914. The middle section of the prospectus, which was removed in 1954, was reconstructed by Karl-Heinz Müller. After a successful restoration, the organ was inaugurated again on December 21, 1997. In 2019 the organ building company Klais added the register Untersatz 32 '. No new pipes had to be installed for the register, the low notes are generated by combination tones from existing registers. The instrument has the following disposition :

I Hauptwerk C – g 3
1. Drone 16 ′
2. Principal 8th'
3. Double-Gedackt 8th'
4th Flauto amabile 8th'
5. Dulciana 8th'
6th Fugara 8th'
7th Octave 4 ′
8th. Reed flute 4 ′
9. Super octave 2 ′
10. Mixture IV
11. Cornett IV
12. Trumpet 8th'
II Swell C – g 4
13. Lieblich-Gedackt 16 ′
14th Flute Principal 8th'
15th Quintatön 8th'
16. Concert flute 8th'
17th Solo gamba 8th'
18th Aeoline 8th'
19th Vox coelestis 8th'
20th Praestant 4 ′
21st Flauto traverso 4 ′
22nd Fifth flute 2 2 ⁄ 3  ′
23. Flautino 2 ′
24. third 1 3 ⁄ 5  ′
25th horn 8th'
Pedal C-f '
26th Violon 16 ′
27. Sub bass 16 ′
28. Subtle bass 16 ′
29 Principal bass 8th'
30th Flute bass 8th'
31. Dacked bass 8th'
32. Choral bass 4 ′
33. trombone 16 ′
34. Bass trumpet 8th'
35. Pedestal 32 ′
  • Pairing : II-I I-II Sub, II-I Super, IP, II-P, II-P Super
  • Playing aids : shutter release, hand register, free combination, piano, mezzoforte, forte, tutti, roller on, tongues off, pedal I, pedal II, crescent swell, blind swell

Bells

In the bell tower there are four bronze bells from three different foundries. The five previous bells had to be given in for armaments purposes in World War II and were then melted down. They were only acquired in 1927 and were cast in Gescher by Werner Hüesker, Petit & Gebr. Edelbrock . The Te Deum bell is the oldest bell in the tower. It is a loan bell from the parish church of St. Nikolaus in Sturmhübel in East Prussia (Polish: Grzęda) and was cast in 1805. In the north tower of the west building there is a smaller bell from 1903, it serves as a conversion bell and can only be rung by hand.

No. Surname Casting year Caster Diameter
(mm) 		Weight
(kg, approx.) 		Percussive
( HT - 1 / 16 ) 		inscription
1 Arnoldus 1958 Josef Feldmann, Georg Marschel, Feldmann & Marschel , Münster 1380 2000 d ′ +8 HOLY ARNOLDUS, THROUGH YOUR DEATH, GRACE TO GOD IN LAST NEED. THE WAR 1939-1945 KILLED ME, CHRIST. FAITH AND CHRIST. HOPE AWAKEN ME, CHRISTL. I LOVE CLIENTS, FELDMANN AND MARSCHEL GOSSEN ME. 1958
2 Maria Margarethe 1953 Hans Hüesker, Petit & Gebr. Edelbrock , Gescher 1200 1000 e ′ +4 + I AM MARIA MARGARETHE. MARGARETHA CANZLER - FRIESDORF GIVEN ME TO HER Baptistery. 1953
3 Te Deum 1681/1805 Jakobus Sass, Koenigsberg 975 600 f sharp ′ −1 TE DEUM LAUDAMUS. TE DEUM CONFITEMUR. RD CASPAR. CORSCH. PAR. STORMHUBL. IACOBUS SASS REGIOM.UM FUDIT ANO 1681. H. CHURCHES FATHERS ANDREAS SCHIMAN, AUGUSTINUS SCHLEGEL, MARTINUS LENTZ, BARTHOLOM.US CINCK
4th John 1953 Hans Hüesker, Petit & Gebr. Edelbrock, Gescher 990 500 a ′ +6 + JOHN IS MY NAME. AM THE VOICE OF A CALLER IN THE DESERT. PREPARE THE WAY OF THE LORD. EVEN MAKE ITS PATHS. MARC. I. 3 1953
5 Maria 1903 Franz Schilling , Apolda - - e ′ ′ SANCTA MARIA ORA PRO NOBIS - APOLDA 1903

Motive: Rejoice, you heavenly queen

Pastor

The following priests were past pastors in the parish of St. Arnold / Arnoldsweiler:

from ... to Surname
around 1168 Godefrid
1339–? Friedrich
? -1375 Theodor von Ubach † 1418
1375–? Heinrich Peghe
? -1445 Wilhelm von Urbach † 1445
1445-1464 Johannes Sack † 1464
1464-1482 Johannes Tzep de Lechenich † 1482
1482-1483 Martin Gerlitz † 1483
1483-1504 Wilhelm Hyntzen † 1504
1533-1545 Tilman van Fleytien † 1545
1545-1554 Eberhard Society † 1564
1554-1578 Wilhelm Society † 1578
1578-1580 Stefan Isaak † 1594
1580-1583 Bertram Geich
1605-1610 Heinrich Stephani
1623-1631 Johannes Baumeister † 1631
1631-1673 Wilhelm Rinius † 1673
1673-1706 Arnold Weiler † June 25th, 1706
1706-1728 Peter Naas † 1728
from ... to Surname
1728-1738 Wilhelm Otto Brinkman † 1738
1738-1781 Johann Theodor Mocken † 1781
1781-1809 Johann Matthias Joseph Eicks † 1809
1809-1814 Johann Theodor Pingen † 1840
1814-1824 Johann Gerhard Pohl † 1824
1825-1848 Peter Wilhelm Klein † April 13th, 1848
1848-1863 Karl Theodor Sommer † July 18th, 1863
1863-1868 Peter Joseph Ditscheid † January 11th, 1868
1868-1880 Simon Joseph Hessel † January 13th, 1880
1880-1887 Friedrich Schulte (parish administrator) † May 9th, 1933
1887-1898 Peter Gerhard Kleeff † December 27, 1906
1898-1904 Engelbert Valder † November 13th, 1905
1904-1930 Heinrich Sassen † December 28th, 1930
1931-1962 Johannes Dautzenberg † October 10th, 1971
1962-1974 Josef Wolff † June 1st, 1983
1974-1984 Rudolf Wyrsch
1985-1987 Father Josef Lieth † December 3rd, 2012
1988-2011 Bernd Naphausen
Since 2011 Norbert Glasmacher

Arnoldus Week

Since 1891, the Arnoldus Week has taken place every year in the week of July 18. The octave was brought into being by the then Arnoldsweiler pastor Peter Gerhard Kleeff. Previously only July 18, the feast day of St. Arnold, and held a sacramental procession the following Sunday . The week always has a specific theme. Every year pilgrims from the surrounding area also come to St. Arnold to Arnoldsweiler. The veneration of St. Arnold in Arnoldsweiler is much older than the Arnoldus Week. It is documented as early as 1168.

literature

  • Josef Wolff (Ed.): Arnoldsweiler. Libertas Verlag Hubert Baum, Wiesbaden 1968.
  • Marcel Keller: Modern Art in Düren. Church art. Publishing house of the Museumsverein Düren, Düren 1977.
  • Rudolf AH Wyrsch: The holy Arnold von Arnoldsweiler. Legend and history of the veneration of a Rhenish saint. In: Forum Jülich History. Issue 9, Verlag der Joseph-Kuhl-Gesellschaft, Jülich 1994. ISBN 3-9802601-9-4

Web links

Commons : Groß St. Arnold  - collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Hans J. Domsta, Helmut Krebs and Anton Krobb: Zeittafel zur Geschichte Düren 747–1997 , Düren 1998, p. 19.
  2. ^ Friedrich Wilhelm Oedinger (arr.): The regests of the archbishops of Cologne in the Middle Ages. 1. Volume, 313-1099, Bonn 1954, pp. 101 f.
  3. ↑ Theodor Joseph Lacomblet: Document book for the history of the Lower Rhine or the Archbishopric of Cöln, the principalities of Jülich and Berg, Geldern, Meurs, Cleve and Mark, and the imperial monasteries of Elten, Essen and Werden. 4th volume, Düsseldorf 1858, p. 777.
  4. ↑ Anton Joseph Binterim and Joseph Hubert Mooren: The old and new Archdiocese of Cologne divided into deaneries or the Archdiocese of Cologne with the foundations, deaneries, parishes and vicarages, together with their incomes and collators as it was. Volume 1, Mainz 1828, p. 184 f.
  5. ↑ Bischöfliches Generalvikariat (ed.): Handbuch des Bistums Aachen 3rd edition, Aachen 1994, p. 302.
  6. ↑ Dürener Zeitung No. 153 - Monday, October 9, 1899 Article: “City and District News”.
  7. ↑ Dürener Zeitung No. 135 - Monday, June 16, 1902 Article: “Confirmation trip of the Auxiliary Bishop Dr. Fischer ".
  8. ^ Dürener People's Newspaper - Saturday, June 14, 1902, article: Kreisnachrichten.
  9. ↑ Josef Wolff (Ed.): Arnoldsweiler , Libertas Verlag Hubert Baum, Wiesbaden, 1968, p. 15 f.
  10. ↑ Dürener Zeitung, Saturday, September 2, 2000 Article: “Dürener Land Cathedral is being renovated - 750,000 marks for work in Arnoldsweiler”.
  11. ↑ The Catholic Parish of St. Arnoldus provides information on issue II / 2000, article: “External renovation of the parish church”.
  12. ↑ Parish letter of the parish association Düren-Nord Parish St. Arnold No. 49/50, December 8th to December 22nd, 2001, article: "Interior renovation of the parish church".
  13. ↑ Tour of the church. In: Website GdG St. Franziskus. Retrieved November 20, 2017 .
  14. ↑ Dürener Zeitung No. 167 - Thursday, July 23, 1959 Article: Church is being renovated - New interior painting - From donations from the population. (Düren City and District Archives)
  15. ^ Dürener Zeitung, Friday, July 9, 1971, article: Bishop Dr. Dicke consecrates a new age - at the beginning of the Arnoldus octave - designed by an artist from Aachen.
  16. ↑ Dürener Zeitung, Tuesday, July 13, 1971, article: The bishop consecrated the new altar - Arnoldus Octave opened - the center of the church.
  17. ^ Düren-Arnoldsweiler, Catholic Church of St. Arnold. In: Internet site Forschungsstelle Glasmalerei des 20. Jahrhundert eV. Accessed on November 20, 2017 .
  18. ^ Rudolf AH Wyrsch, Kilian Inden: Church leaders through small and large St. Arnold . Arnoldsweiler 2012 (unpublished).
  19. ↑ Jörg Schreiner, Peter JC Eich, Horst Hodick: Parish Sankt Arnoldus, Arnoldsweiler - Inauguration of the restored Klais organ (1914) on the 4th Advent 1997 . Arnoldsweiler 1997.
  20. ↑ Parish letter of the community of parishes St. Franziskus Düren Nord, No. 11/2019, p. 8
  21. ↑ St. Arnold Arnoldsweiler. In: Internet site for church music in the Düren region. Retrieved November 20, 2017 .
  22. ^ Norbert Jachtmann: Glockenmusik in der Düren region , p. 63 f.
  23. ^ Episcopal General Vicariate: Handbook of the Diocese of Aachen. 3rd edition, Aachen 1994, p. 302.
  24. ^ Parish archives Arnoldsweiler: List of the pastors of Arnoldsweiler by Arnold Steffens.
  25. ↑ Handbook of the Archdiocese of Cologne, Volumes 2-21.
  26. ^ Rudolf AH Wyrsch: The holy Arnold von Arnoldsweiler. Legend and history of the veneration of a Rhenish saint. In: Forum Jülich History. Issue 9, Jülich 1994, p. 25 f.

Coordinates: 50 ° 50 ′ 18.6 ″  N , 6 ° 29 ′ 37.7 ″  E