Gran county

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Gran County
(Esztergom)
(1910)
Coat of arms of Gran (Esztergom)
Administrative headquarters : Esztergom
Area : 1,077 km²
Population : 90.817
Ethnic groups : 81% Magyars
11% Germans
8% Slovaks
Gran county

The Esztergom County (also Graner County ; Hungarian Esztergom vármegye , Latin comitatus Strigoniensis , Slovak Ostrihomská župa / stolica or Ostrihomský County ) was a historic administrative unit ( County / County ) in the Kingdom of Hungary .

location

Map of Gran County around 1890

On both sides of the Danube , about 2/3 was in today's southern Slovakia and 1/3 in today's northern Hungary .

The county bordered on the north by the Bars County , in the northeast of the Hont County , in the southeast on the Pest-Pilis-Solt-Kiskun County and the west by the Komárom County (Komárom) .

The county comprised an area about 15 kilometers wide west of the lower reaches of the river Gran (today Hron in Slovak ) above the Danube and below it about 10 kilometers wide (in today's Hungary). In 1910 it had 87,651 inhabitants who lived in an area of ​​1076.35 km².

Administrative offices

Originally the administrative seat was at Gran Castle and in the associated town of Gran (now Esztergom in Hungarian ), from 1543 (after the Ottoman Empire occupied the area) the seat was outside the county (for example 1605–1663 in Neuhäusel , now Nové in Slovak Zámky ), after the Habsburg re-conquest of the area , the seat was again in Esztergom from 1714.

history

A kind of predecessor of this county already existed in the 9th century when one of the most important castles of the Great Moravian Empire stood in / near Esztergom (at that time it was called Ostrihom ) .

Gran County emerged as such at the end of the 10th century as one of the first in the Kingdom of Hungary . Because Esztergom was also the seat of the Archbishop of Hungary, it had a special status from 1270.

In the 13th century, a considerable part of the north of the county became part of Bars county forever .

In 1543 the Ottoman Empire conquered Esztergom. The southern part of the county then became a direct part of this empire, while the remaining part was only subject to tribute before it was conquered in 1663–1664, whereby the county temporarily ceased to exist and (theoretically at least) was administered by Komorn county . In 1686, however, the county was liberated from Turkish rule, and in 1691 the county offices resumed their activities.

In 1786–1790 and 1849–1859 the county was temporarily united with Komorn county (see there).

In 1918 part of the area north of the Danube came to the newly formed Czechoslovakia ( confirmed under international law by the Treaty of Trianon 1920), the smaller part in the south remained with Hungary and together with the southern part of the former Komorn County formed the Komárom-Esztergom County .

As a result of the First Vienna Arbitration , the Czechoslovak part came back to Hungary, and the old Gran County (Hungarian now Esztergom megye ) was re-established in Hungary.

After the Second World War , the 1938 borders were restored and the Hungarian parts of the county came back to Komárom county . It was not until 1992 that the county was renamed Komárom-Esztergom again. The Czechoslovak part north of the Danube has been part of the independent Slovakia since 1993 and has belonged to the Neutraer Landschaftsverband ( Nitriansky kraj ) since 1996 .

The area of ​​the county was incorporated into Czechoslovakia and Slovakia chronologically as follows:

  • 1918–1922: Komárňanská župa (Komorn County), CS
  • 1923–1928: Nitrianska župa (Neutra County), CS
  • 1928–1938: Slovenská krajina / zem (Slovak Land), CS
  • 1938–1945: part of Hungary
  • 1945–1948: Slovenská krajina (Slovak Country), CS
  • 1949–1960: Nitriansky kraj (Neutraer Landschaftsverband) - not to be confused with today's, CS
  • 1960–1990: Západoslovenský kraj (West Slovak Regional Association), CS
  • since 1996: Nitriansky kraj (Neutraer Landschaftsverband), SK

District subdivision

In the early 20th century the following chair districts existed (mostly named after the name of the administrative seat):

Chair districts (járások)
Chair district Administrative headquarters
Esztergom Esztergom
Párkány, today Štúrovo Muzsla, today Mužla
City district (rendezett tanácsú város)
Esztergom

Štúrovo and Mužla are in present-day Slovakia , all other places are in present-day Hungary .

See also

Web links

swell

  1. ↑ A magyar szent corona országainak 1910. évi népszámlálása . Budapest 1912, p. 12 ff.
  2. ↑ A magyar szent corona országainak 1910. évi népszámlálása . Budapest 1912, p. 22 ff. (1910 census)