Laurent Fabius

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Laurent Fabius (2013)

Laurent Fabius [ lɔ.ʁɑ̃ fa.bjys ] (born August 20, 1946 in Paris ) is a French politician . From July 17, 1984 to March 20, 1986 he was Prime Minister , from 1992 to 1993 First Secretary (Chairman) of the Socialist Party , from 1988 to 1992 and from 1997 to 2000 President of the National Assembly , from 2000 to 2002 Minister of Economy and Finance and industrial development . From May 2012 to February 11, 2016 he was Foreign Minister . He has been President of the Conseil constitutionnel since March 8, 2016 .

Origin and career

Born as the son of the Parisian antiques dealer André Fabius (1908–1984), who himself converted from Judaism to Christianity with his wife and raised him in the Catholic faith , he spent his school days at the Paris high schools Janson-de-Sailly and Lycée Louis-le -Grand . He attended two elite universities , first the Institut d'études politiques in Paris (graduated as Agrégé of Philosophy ), then the ENA graduating class François Rabelais (1971–1973). After graduation, he entered the civil service in 1973 and became auditor and in 1981 rapporteur in the Council of State ( conseil d'État ).

In 1978 he received a member of parliament for the first time. After François Mitterrand's victory in the presidential election in 1981 , Fabius was made responsible for the budget, and then Minister for Research and Industry in 1983 . François Mitterrand appointed him to the office of Prime Minister at the age of 37 in order to give the necessary austerity policy a new face and to highlight the turning point compared to his predecessor, Pierre Mauroy . The Communist Party (PCF) then left the ruling coalition. With a policy that has gone down in history as relentless, he aimed at an economic upswing and a cleansing of the state balance sheet. Its policy was essentially based on measures against inflationary tendencies and unemployment.

On the night of July 10, 1985, the ship Rainbow Warrior was blown up by the French secret service DGSE , killing an employee of Greenpeace , Fernando Pereira . The New Zealand government protested this scandal. The French secret services were investigated in a criminal case of manslaughter . Faced with massive pressure and irrefutable evidence, Fabius called for the resignation of his Defense Minister Charles Hernu (who resigned on September 20) and on September 22 admitted France's guilt.

After protest movements, he gave up a reform of the private schools that he had started. Fabius implemented a campaign promise made by his party and introduced proportional representation for parliamentary elections. In 1986, the right-wing extremist Front National (FN) party entered the National Assembly for the first time , accompanied by an election failure for the socialists. Fabius resigned, Jacques Chirac took over the office: the first cohabitation took place .

With regard to the Front National, however, Fabius had tried two years earlier to take the wind out of the sails of the FN by partially politically accommodating the FN founder Jean-Marie Le Pen : “Monsieur Le Pen asks the right questions, but he gives the wrong answers. "

His comment in a televised confrontation with Chirac: "You are speaking to the Prime Minister of France" sparked a controversy that resulted in journalists tightening control of such debates. In the case of infection by HIV-contaminated blood products before the Court of Justice of the Republic , which dragged on for years, he was at times investigated; he was acquitted.

As a devoted loyal loyal to François Mitterrand, Fabius was elected President of the National Assembly in 1988 and was first secretary (= chairman) of his party from 1992 to 1993. This time was marked by rivalries with Lionel Jospin for the majority within the party. The latter was named the party's candidate for the presidential election in 1995 and was made prime minister in 1997. In the same year Fabius was again entrusted with the presidency of the National Assembly.

When Dominique Strauss-Kahn's interim successor , Christian Sautter , left the government of the third cohabitation , Fabius took over the position of Minister for Economy, Finance and Industrial Development . He kept this post until the election defeat of the Socialists in 2002. Personally, he went out of the election for the XII. Legislative period (2002–2007) re-elected as a member of the Seine-Maritime department .

With his rejection of the draft European Constitution , which he considered too economically liberal, he triggered a controversial discussion within the Socialist Party and in the European Parliament . Le Point magazine put Woody Allen's famous quote in his mouth: "I say no, but what is the question again ...?" Others claimed that he was already taking a position on the party's 2007 presidential election. Some supporters of the constitutional approval in the referendum called him an opportunist because of his support for their opponents .

In the run-up to the 2007 presidential election, Fabius Ségolène Royal lost his bid for the candidacy of the French socialists. In November 2006, Royal was elected presidential candidate with over 60% of the party members' vote.

In May 2012 he was appointed Foreign Minister by the new Prime Minister Jean-Marc Ayrault after the victory of his intra-party competitor François Hollande in the 2012 presidential election and remained so under his successor Manuel Valls . On February 10, 2016, he announced his resignation from this position. On the same day, President François Hollande announced that he would propose Fabius as President of the Conseil constitutionnel . Contrary to the original announcement that Fabius should remain minister at the end of the appointment process, Jean-Marc Ayrault was appointed as foreign minister on February 11, 2016 and Fabius was dismissed.

On February 19, 2016, Fabius was officially appointed a member of the Conseil constitutionnel and its President. He took his oath of office on March 8, 2016.

Political mandates

  • 1977–1983: Deputy Mayor of Grand-Quevilly (Seine-Maritime)
  • 1978–1981: MP
  • 1981–1981: Minister Delegate in the Ministry of Finance - Budget Officer
  • 1981–1983: Minister Delegate in the Ministry of Finance - Budget Officer
  • 1981–1981: Member of Parliament
  • 1983–1989: Deputy Mayor of Le Grand-Quevilly (Seine-Maritime)
  • 1983–1984: Minister for Research and Industry
  • 1984–1986: Prime Minister
  • 1986–1989: Member of the Upper Normandy Regional Council
  • 1986–1988: Member of Parliament
  • 1988–1993: MP
  • 1989–1995: Deputy Mayor of Grand-Quevilly (Seine-Maritime)
  • 1989–1992: MEP
  • 1992–1995: Member of the Upper Normandy Regional Council
  • 1993–1997: MP
  • 1995–2001: Member of the parish council of Grand-Quevilly (Seine-Maritime)
  • 1995–2000: Mayor of Grand-Quevilly (Seine-Maritime)
  • 1997–2000: Member of Parliament
  • 2000–2002: Minister for Economy, Finance and Industry of the government of Lionel Jospin (cf. also: Minister of the Jospin government)
  • 2000–2001 and 2008–2014: Deputy Mayor of Grand-Quevilly (Seine-Maritime)
  • 2000–2002: Member of the Council of the Seine-Maritime Department
  • 2002 to 2016: Member of the National Assembly (mandate suspended since May 2012)
  • 2012 to 2016: Minister for Foreign and European Affairs in the governments of Jean-Marc Ayrault and Manuel Valls
  • since 2016: President of the Conseil constitutionnel

Works

  • Inequality in France (1975)
  • The Heart of the Future (1985)
  • Towards the Sea (1990)
  • Injurious Truths (1995): Political Book Prize 1996
  • It begins with a ballad (2003)
  • A Certain Image of Europe (2004)

Awards

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Point 47 in the 110 propositions pour la France ( online )
  2. ↑ Original: "Laurent Fabius ... déclarer en September 1984 que 'Monsieur Le Pen pose de vraies questions mais propose de fausses solutions'." In: Alain Bihr: "Le specter de l'extrême droite: les Français dans le miroir du Front National ” , p. 204. Note: Author Alain Bihr is a French sociologist and describes himself as a“ libertarian communist ”
  3. ↑ Hollande presents his cabinet to FAZ Online from May 16, 2012
  4. ^ A b David Revault d'Allonnes: François Hollande propose Laurent Fabius pour la présidence du Conseil constitutionnel. Le Monde (online), February 10, 2016, accessed February 10, 2016 (French).
  5. ↑ Laurent Fabius - Conseil constitutionnel. (No longer available online.) Présidence de la République française - Élysée.fr, February 10, 2016, archived from the original on February 10, 2016 ; accessed on February 10, 2016 (French). Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.elysee.fr
  6. ↑ Laurent Fabius. Conseil constitutionnel, March 8, 2016, accessed March 8, 2016 (French).
  7. ↑ a b List of all decorations awarded by the Federal President for services to the Republic of Austria from 1952 (PDF; 6.9 MB)

Web links

Commons : Laurent Fabius  - Collection of images, videos and audio files
Wikiquote: Laurent Fabius  - Quotes (French)
predecessor Office successor

Jacques Chaban-Delmas
Philippe Séguin 		President of the French National Assembly
June 23, 1988 - January 22, 1992
June 12, 1997 - March 29, 2000
Henri Emmanuelli
Raymond Forni
personal data
SURNAME Fabius, Laurent
BRIEF DESCRIPTION French politician, member of the National Assembly, MEP
DATE OF BIRTH August 20, 1946
PLACE OF BIRTH Paris