Linz cathedral window
In the New Linz Cathedral there is a picture cycle with 77 windows, the color of which gives the church interior a special character.
history
The first painting windows financed by the Cathedral Building Association were designed by Johann Klein and installed in the votive chapel in 1868.
In 1910 the cathedral building committee dealt with the procurement of the windows for the nave and transept of the cathedral. In a circular in September 1910, Bishop Rudolph Hittmair expressed the wish that the window paintings should depict people, places and landscapes in Upper Austria . The 44 windows in the nave and transept were mostly financed by sponsors from the upper classes and the nobility or by associations. They were made between 1913 and 1916, but were not used until 1922 to 1924 due to the war-related construction delays. The thirteen meter high and eight meter wide rosettes above the two side portals and behind the Rudigier organ were commissioned from the Tyrolean glass painting workshop in 1917 .
Many windows were damaged during the Second World War . The greatest damage was caused by the bombing raid on January 20, 1945, which completely destroyed the stained glass windows in the chapel wreath.
When repairing the windows after the end of the war, the executors made some mistakes:
- in the window of the birth of Christ , the two medium detail windows were exchanged with the robes and legs of the Shepherds (in the third row from the bottom) by mistake
- In the window “The twelve-year-old Jesus in the temple and the wedding at Cana” there are two dedications in the bottom row that belong in the window of the Nativity and have therefore been exchanged with the two coats of arms in the bottom row
In 1994 the windows were inserted in the chapel wreath. During the 10-year renovation of the cathedral, which began in May 2019, the cathedral windows will also be renovated.
Painting window
Most of the glass paintings show sacred themes ( the Conception of Mary , the Annunciation and the Coronation; works of virtue, seven major sins) and events related to the construction of the cathedral (laying of the foundation stone in 1862, accidental failure of Bishop Franz Joseph Rudigier in 1884, pilgrimages to Jerusalem in 1900 and 1910, consecration of the bells in 1902, bishop consecration by Dr. Rudolph Hittmair 1909, cathedral consecration).
The so-called Linz Window with the following personalities is of great historical interest:
- Emperor Friedrich III. who resided in Linz for the last few years until his death in 1493
- Emperor Maximilian I while crowning the Silesian poet Vincenz Lang (Longinus) with a laurel wreath on March 1, 1501
- Emperor Ferdinand I and Anna of Bohemia and Hungary , who were married in May 1521 in Linz in accordance with the Vienna marriage contract of 1515
- Knight Sebastian von Losenstein , who won the legendary Losenstein tournament on the occasion of the wedding in Linz in May 1521, defeating a Spanish knight with a bi-handed sword and thereby becoming famous
- Johannes Kepler , who lived in Linz from 1613 to 1626 and published his astronomical laws
- Johann Adam Pruner and an orphan who is cared for in the Prunerstift
- Ludwig van Beethoven , who stayed at the "Stadt Frankfurt" hotel in Linz several times from 1812 to 1815. His brother Johann von Beethoven bought the water pharmacy on Linz's main square in 1808 and ran it until 1818.
- Anton Bruckner , who from 1855 to 1868 organist in now Old Linz Cathedral was
- Julius Wimmer (1856–1946), President of the Upper Austrian Museum Association and the Allgemeine Sparkasse, who presented a couple with a savings book
There are many representations from Upper Austria:
- Adlwang : Well
- All Saints' Day in the Mühlkreis : parish and pilgrimage church
- Baumgartenberg : Baumgartenberg Abbey
- Braunau am Inn : St. Stephan parish church (in the window of Altötting)
- Enns : City panorama, city tower , Enns-Lorch basilica
- Freistadt : Liebfrauenkirche (in the Kaltenberg window)
- Garsten : Benedictine monastery
- Gunskirchen : pilgrimage church Maria Fallsbach
- Kallham
- Kaltenberg : Parish and pilgrimage church
- Kremsmünster : Kremsmünster Abbey , Guntherteich
- Lambach : pen
- Lauffen : place of pilgrimage near Bad Ischl
- Linz : City panorama and Allgemeine Sparkasse in the Linz window; Pöstlingberg Basilica , Hagen Castle , Bergschlössl and St. Margarethen Calvary Church in the Pöstlingberg window; College Aloisianum , Episcopal Gymnasium Petrinum and seminary church in another window
- Maria Neustift : Parish and pilgrimage church
- Maria Puchheim : pilgrimage basilica
- Maria Schmolln : pilgrimage church
- Mattighofen : Vogl leather factory
- Micheldorf : Altpernstein Castle
- Molln : Pilgrimage Church Frauenstein
- Mondsee : market with church and lake
- Münzbach : parish church
- Reichersberg : pen
- Ried im Innkreis : St. Anna Church
- Sankt Florian : pen
- St. Wolfgang in the Salzkammergut : market with the parish and pilgrimage church , plus the Falkenstein church
- Nicks
- Schlägl : pen
- Schlierbach : pen
- Spital am Pyhrn : View of the town with a large parish church
- Steyr : Gleink Benedictine Abbey (secularized in 1784, then summer residence of the Linz bishops)
- Taufkirchen an der Trattnach : Hehenberg branch and pilgrimage church
- Thalheim near Wels : Maria Schauersberg pilgrimage church
- Traunkirchen : Corpus Christi lake procession
- Vöcklabruck : Maria Schöndorf Church
- Vorderstoder : townscape with parish church
- Waldhausen im Strudengau : Säbnich castle ruins
- Wernstein am Inn : Marian column
- Wilhering : Stift , pilgrimage church Dörnbach
- Windhaag near Perg : parish church
European pilgrimage destinations shown:
- Altötting : Chapel of grace, miraculous image
- Lourdes
- Mariazell
- Maria Plain
Representations from the Holy Land:
- Bethanien : town view
- Haifa : Stella Maris Carmelite Monastery on Mount Carmel
- Jerusalem : Austrian pilgrims' hospice, Dormition Abbey on Mount Zion , Church of the Holy Sepulcher
- Nazareth : Basilica of the Annunciation
- Lake Genesareth
- Tel Aviv-Jaffa : town view
New windows
The windows in the chapel wreath, which had been completely destroyed during the Second World War, were replaced in autumn 1994 by modern windows based on designs by Karl-Martin Hartmann from Wiesbaden .
criticism
The details of the glass paintings with their hundreds of figures, symbols, coats of arms and inscriptions are sometimes difficult to see for the distant observer on the ground. This applies in particular to the high-bay windows. Quite a few texts are time-bound, for example “For Emperor and Fatherland” in the window of the Volksverein.
literature
- Florian Oberchristl: The new painting windows of the Linz Cathedral. Christian art papers , Linz 1924 ( digitized on digi.landesbibliothek.at).
- Gottfried Schicklberger: The large stained glass of the Maria Conception Cathedral in Linz. With an art historical contribution by Dr. Bernhard Prokisch. Diözesanverein zum Dombau (publisher), Kunstverlag Foto Baumgartner, Linz 1995.
- Walter Frodl : The church art monuments of the city of Linz. In: Austrian Art Topography . Volume 36, Vienna 1964.
- Markus Kristan: The monumental stained glass of Romanticism, Historicism and Art Nouveau in Austria. Thesis. Vienna 1986.
- Bernhard Prokisch : Studies on church art in Upper Austria in the 19th century. 3 volumes. Dissertation. Vienna 1984.
- Hans Kral: The painting windows of the New Cathedral - their representations and donors. In: New archive for the history of the Diocese of Linz. 1986, pp. 212–222 ( online (PDF) in the forum OoeGeschichte.at).
Web links
- Bibliography on Dom Fenster Linz in the forum OoeGeschichte.at
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c The glass windows with the page title “Message from the old cathedral windows” on dioezese-linz.at.
- ↑ a b Oberchristl 1924, p. 1 .
- ↑ a b Schicklberger 1995, p. 9.
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↑ Commons : Linz window - collection of images, videos and audio files
- ↑ Oberchristl 1924, p. 9: Floor plan of the cathedral with the number of rows and names of the windows .