Lunino (Kaliningrad, Neman)
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Lunino
Lengwethen (Hohensalzburg) and Beinigkehmen (Beiningen) Лунино
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Lunino ( Russian Лунино ; German Lengwethen , 1938 to 1945 Hohensalzburg , also: Beinigkehmen , 1938 to 1945 Beiningen ; Lithuanian Luninas , Lenkviečiai , Lenkvietis , also: Beninkiemis ) is a place in the Russian Oblast Kaliningrad in the Rajon Neman . The place Lunino belongs to the municipal self-government unit urban district Neman .
Geographical location
Lunino is about 13 kilometers southeast of the Rajon town of Neman on the regional road 27A-033 (ex A198 ) to Chernyakhovsk , where it crosses the road from Shilino to Dobrowolsk , and therefore has relatively heavy through traffic. The ridge to the north of Lunino, part of the Samland terminal moraine, is 70 m high in the former Tilsit-Ragnit district .
Place name
The original place name Lengwethen is made up of the Lithuanian "lenke" and "wete" and means something like "meadow place".
history
Lengwethen / Hohensalzburg
The settlement of Lengwethen was founded in the 16th century. From 1709 to 1711 there was a great plague epidemic and famine. The village's Evangelical Lutheran church was built from 1732 to 1735. It was a simple, rectangular stone building with large square windows that fell victim to a fire at the turn of the millennium.
During the First World War , cavalry troops of the Imperial Russian Army advanced into East Prussia shortly after the German Empire declared war in August 1914 . The Russian Nyemen Army under Paul von Rennenkampff attacked the eastern part of the province in the course of the fighting on the German-Russian front . On September 8, Lengwethen was burned down by a Russian unit after German authorities detained a Russian looter.
By 1939 the number of inhabitants grew to 364. In 1938 the place name was changed to Hohensalzburg in the course of the "Germanization" of East Prussian place names . After the area was annexed to the Soviet Union as a result of the Second World War , only a few houses in Lengwethen / Hohensalzberg survived the post-war period.
District Lengwethen / Hohensalzburg (1874–1945)
Between 1874 and 1945 Lengwethen was the seat and eponymous for an administrative district . It belonged to 1922 the county Ragnit , then to the newly formed district Tilsit-Ragnit in Administrative district Gumbinnen the Prussian province of East Prussia . 19 villages were initially assigned to him:
| Surname | Change name from 1938 to 1946 |
Russian name | Remarks |
|---|---|---|---|
| Scoff | Beiningen | Stschastliwoje, now: Lunino |
1929 incorporated into Gerskullen |
| Brandwethen | Branden | 1909 reclassified to the district of Budwethen | |
| Gerskullen | Gerslinden | Gannowka | |
| Grays | Bersarino | 1928 incorporated into Gerskullen | |
| Big ballups | Löffkeshof | Okhotnichye | 1928 incorporated into Ballupönen |
| Kallehnen | Bersarino | ||
| Small ballup | Kleinlöffkeshof | Vinogradovo | 1928 incorporated into Ballupönen |
| Krauleidehlen | Crawl | 1928 incorporated into Sauerwalde | |
| Laskowethen | To let | ||
| Lengwethen | Hohensalzburg | Lunino | |
| Lepaloths | Soldering | Druzhinino | |
| Nestonwethen | Nests | Kalushskoye | 1909 reclassified to the district of Budwethen |
| Palapken | Palken | Tjoploje | 1928 reclassified to the district of Perbangen |
| Perkuhnen | 1928 incorporated into Sauerwalde | ||
| Sauerwalde | |||
| Scharken | |||
| Shear | Balashevskoye | 1933 incorporated into Lengwethen | |
| Skat ticking | Click | Dorokhovo | |
| Weedern | Talniki | 1928 reclassified to Petroschken, Pucknen District |
On January 1, 1945, seven communities still belonged to the - meanwhile renamed - district of Hohensalzburg: Gerslinden, Hohensalzburg. Kallehnen, Lassen, Sauerwalde, Scharken and Weedern.
Beinigkehmen / Beiningen (Stschastliwoje)
The district of Beinigkehmen , north of the former Lengwethen, consisted essentially of a large courtyard before 1945. Since 1874 the village belonged to the Lengwethen district (from 1939 "Hohensalzburg district"), until 1922 in the district of Ragnit , then in the district of Tilsit-Ragnit in the district of Gumbinnen in the Prussian province of East Prussia . In 1910 the village had 33 inhabitants. On July 1, 1929, the village lost its independence and was incorporated into the neighboring municipality of Gerskullen (1938 to 1945: Gerslinden, today in Russian: Gannowka). On June 3, 1938, the place was renamed "Beiningen" and came to the Soviet Union in 1945 as a result of the war . In 1950 the place was renamed Stschastliwoje and included in the village soviet Luninsky.
Lunino
In 1947 Lengwethen was renamed Lunino and at the same time the seat of a village soviet. Before 1976 the place Stschastliwoje was attached to Lunino. From 2008 to 2016 Lunino was the seat of a rural community.
Luninski selski Sowet / okrug 1947–1959 and 1968–2008
The village soviet Luninski selski Sowet (ru. Лунинский сельский Совет) was established in July 1947. Since 1959 its northern part including the town of Lunino was apparently administered as Gudkowski selski Sowet from the town of Gudkowo , while the southern part was possibly connected to the Malomoshaiski selski Sowet . In 1968 the Luninski selski Sowet was re-established, possibly including those places that had initially belonged to the Uljanowski selski Sowet and which had become part of the Schilinski selski Sowet in 1954 . After the collapse of the Soviet Union , the administrative unit existed as the village district Luninski selski okrug (ru. Лунинский сельский округ). Around 1997 the Uljanowski selski okrug was separated from the Luninski selski okrug as an independent administrative unit. In 2008 the two remaining places of the Luninski selski okrug ( Gannowka and Lunino) were taken over into the newly formed rural community Luninskoje selskoje posselenije.
| Place name | Name until 1947/50 | Remarks |
|---|---|---|
| Andrejewo (Андреево) | Burkandt | The place was renamed in 1950 and was initially assigned to the Ulyanovsky village soviet. It was probably abandoned before 1968. |
| Anissimowo (Анисимово) | Petroschken, 1938–1945: "Petern" | The place was renamed in 1950 and abandoned before 1975. |
| Balashovskoye (Балашовское) | Shear | The place was renamed in 1950 and abandoned before 1988. |
| Bersarino (Берзарино) | Grays | The place was renamed in 1950 and abandoned before 1988. |
| Brjullowo (Брюллово) | Salleningken, 1938–1945: "Sallingen" | The place was renamed in 1950 and is believed to have been abandoned before 1968. |
| Gannowka (Гановка) | Gerskullen, 1938–1945: "Gerslinden" | The place was renamed in 1947 and was initially included in the Malomoshaiski village soviet. |
| Grivino (Гривино) | Girrehnen, 1938–1945: "Güldengrund" | The place was renamed in 1947 and was initially included in the village soviet Ulyanovsky. Since 1997 he was (again) in the Uljanowski village district. |
| Groznoje (Грозное) | Tilsewischken, 1938–1945: "Tilsenberg" | The place was renamed in 1950 and was initially assigned to the Ulyanovsky village soviet. It was abandoned before 1975. |
| Grushevka (Грушевка) | Big Perbangen | The place was apparently renamed in 1947 (as "Grasse-Pereschnen") and was initially included in the village soviet Ulyanovsky. Location of Gruschewka about two kilometers south of the local office of Groß Perbangen. Since 1997 the place was (again) in the village district Ulyanovsky. |
| Yermakovo (Ермаково) | Karlshof | The place was renamed in 1950 and was initially included in the village Soviet Schilinski . Before 1975 it was connected to Luganskoye. |
| Kalinino (Калинино) | Kallehnen [village u. Well] | The place was renamed in 1950 and connected to the place Bersarino before 1975. |
| Kamalino (Каманино) | Chatting, 1938–1945: "Chatting" | The place was renamed in 1950 and abandoned before 1975. |
| Kawerino (Каверино) | Gettschen, 1938–1945: "Kleinradingen" | The place was renamed in 1950 and is believed to have been abandoned before 1968. |
| Kuibyshevo (Куйбышево) | Kullminnen, 1938–1945: "Kulmen" | The place was renamed in 1950 and abandoned before 1988. |
| Luganskoye (Луганское) | Swaddling | The place was renamed in 1950 and was initially included in the village Soviet Schilinski. It was left before 1988. |
| Lunino (Лунино) | Lengwethen, 1938–1945: "Hohensalzburg" | Administrative headquarters |
| Malinovka (Малиновка) | Meschken, 1938–1945: "Meschenhof" | The place was renamed in 1950 and connected to Griwino before 1975. |
| Medvedevo (Медведево) | Abschruten [Ksp Kraupischken], 1938–1945: "Steinflur" | The place was renamed in 1950 and was initially assigned to the Ulyanovsky village soviet. It was abandoned before 1975. |
| Schmeljowo (Шмелёво) | To warn | The place was renamed in 1947 and was initially included in the village soviet Ulyanovsky. Since 1997 he was (again) in the Uljanowski village district. |
| Stalskoye (Стальское) | near Gudgallen, 1938–1945: "Großfelde" | The place was renamed in 1950 and was initially assigned to the Petrovsky Village Soviet . It was abandoned before 1975. |
| Stschastlivoje (Счастливое) | Beinigkehmen, 1938–1945: "Beiningen" | The place was renamed in 1950 and connected to the town of Lunino before 1975. |
| Tjoploje (Тёплое) | Palapken, 1938–1945: "Palken" | The place was renamed in 1950 and abandoned before 1975. |
| Uljanowo (Ульяново) | Kraupischken, 1938: "Platzdorf", 1938–1945: "Breitenstein" | The place was renamed in 1947 and was initially the administrative seat of the village soviet Ulyanovsky. Since 1997, the place was the administrative seat of the village district Ulyanovsky. |
| Walzowo (Вальцово) | Sobersken, 1938–1945: "Bersken" | The place was renamed in 1950 and abandoned before 1975. |
| Volochayevo (Волочаево) | Raudonatschen, 1938–1945: "Kattenhof" | The place was renamed in 1950 and incorporated into the Uljanowski village district in 1997. |
The two places Iwowoje (Petischken / Elchdorf) and Solnetschnoje (Pautkandszen / Grüntal) , renamed in 1950, were also initially included in the Luninski selski Sowet, but then (before 1975) became the Rakitinski selski Sowet and the village soviet Malomoschaiski selski Sowet .
Luninskoye selskoye posselenije 2008–2016
The rural municipality of Luninskoje selskoje posselenije (ru. Лунинское сельское поселение) was established in 2008 in Neman district . It comprised 12 settlements that previously belonged to the village districts of Luninski selski okrug, Malomoschaiski selski okrug and Uljanowski selski okrug . In 2017 the parish was integrated into the newly created urban district of Neman.
| Place name | Residents (October 14, 2010) |
German name |
|---|---|---|
| Beryosovka (Берёзовка) | 29 | |
| Gannowka (Ганновка) | 40 | Gerskullen / Gerslinden |
| Grivino (Гривино) | 84 | Girrehnen / Güldengrund and Meschken / Meschenhof |
| Grushevka (Грушевка) | 8th | Big Perbangen |
| Ignatowo (Игнатово) | 24 | Gaistauden |
| Kashtanovka (Каштановка) | 38 | Egg crock / core reverberation |
| Lunino (Лунино) | 465 | Lengwethen / Hohensalzburg and Beinigkehmen / Beiningen |
| Malomoshaiskoje (Маломожайское) | 557 | Budwethen / Altenkirch and Naujeningken / Neusiedel (East Pr.) |
| Sabrodino (Забродино) | 98 | Lesgewangminnen / Lesgewangen |
| Schmeljowo (Шмелёво) | 29 | To warn |
| Uljanowo (Ульяново) | 607 | Kraupischken / Breitenstein |
| Volochayevo (Волочаево) | 41 | Raudonatschen / Kattenhof |
church
Church building
The church in Lengwethen is a simple, plastered field stone building without a tower, erected by the Salzburg exiles between 1732 and 1735 . The bells rang in a bell house set apart from the church. The interior with its circumferential galleries was covered flat, the pulpit altar without any decoration. A true "jewel", however, was a baptismal font made of brass , which had been brought from the Salzburg immigrants from home.
The church survived the war unscathed, but was then used as a cultural center. Although fundamental reconstruction and renovation work was carried out in 1980, the building has now fallen into disrepair and only remains of the wall remain.
Parish
Lengwethen only became a separate parish in 1741. In the same year a parish office was established. The parish included not only the parish of another 32 villages, towns and residential places. This also included the place Beinigkehmen resp. Now incorporated into Lunino. Beiningen. In 1925 the parish had a total of 2,800 parishioners. Until 1945 the church Lengwethen (Hohensalzburg) belonged to the diocese of Ragnit in the parish of Tilsit-Ragnit within the church province of East Prussia of the Church of the Old Prussian Union .
Flight and expulsion of the local population and the restrictive religious policy of the Soviet Union brought church life to a standstill. Today Lunino is in the catchment area of the newly established Evangelical Lutheran congregation in Sabrodino (Lesgewangminnen , 1938 to 1946 Lesgewangen) within the Kaliningrad (Königsberg) provost of the Evangelical Lutheran Church of European Russia .
Personalities
Sons and daughters of the place
- Johanna Ambrosius (born August 3, 1854 in Lengwethen; † 1939), German writer
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b Itogi Vserossijskoj perepisi naselenija 2010 goda. Kaliningradskaya oblastʹ. (Results of the 2010 all-Russian census. Kaliningrad Oblast.) Volume 1 , Table 4 (Download from the website of the Kaliningrad Oblast Territorial Organ of the Federal Service for State Statistics of the Russian Federation)
- ↑ Information ( Memento of the original from December 19, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. on Tilsit-Ragnit.de. Retrieved April 18, 2011
- ↑ Rolf Jehke, District Lengwetehen / Hohensalzburg
- ↑ Dietrich Lange, Geographical Location Register East Prussia (2005) / Beiningen
- ↑ Uli Schubert, municipality directory, Ragnit district
- ↑ The Указ Президиума Верховного Совета РСФСР от 5 июля 1950 г., №745 / 3, "О переименовании населённых пунктов Калининградской области» (Regulation 745/3 of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the RSFSR "About renaming of places of Kaliningrad Oblast" from July 5, 1950)
- ↑ a b Through the Указ Президиума Верховного Совета РСФСР от 25 июля 1947 г. "Об административно-территориальном устройстве Калининградской области" (Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the RSFSR of July 25, 1947: Establishment of the Oblast-Kaliningrad)
- ↑ According to the list of places in Kaliningrad Oblast from 1976.
- ↑ By the Закон Калининградской области от 30 июня 2008 г. № 257 «Об организации местного самоуправления на территории муниципального образования" Неманский городской округ "» (Law of the Kaliningrad Oblast June 30, 2008, No. 257. On the organization of local self-government in the field of municipal formation "city circle Neman")
- ↑ Walther Hubatsch , History of the Protestant Church in East Prussia , Volume 2: Pictures of East Prussian Churches , Göttingen, 1968, pp. 111–112, Fig. 495/496
- ↑ Кирха Ленгветена - The Lengwethen Church at prussia39.ru (with historical photo and two photos from 2013). Retrieved June 26, 2014
- ^ Walther Hubatsch, History of the Protestant Church in East Prussia , Volume 3: Documents , Göttingen, 1968, p. 488
- ↑ Evangelical Lutheran Provosty Kaliningrad ( Memento of the original dated August 29, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
