Roma (2018)

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Movie
German title Roma
Original title Roma
Logo Roma.png
Country of production Mexico , USA
original language Spanish , Mixtec
Publishing year 2018
length 135 minutes
Age rating FSK 12
Rod
Director Alfonso Cuarón
script Alfonso Cuarón
production Nicolás Celis ,
Alfonso Cuarón,
Gabriela Rodriguez
camera Alfonso Cuarón,
Galo Olivares
cut Alfonso Cuarón,
Adam Gough
occupation
synchronization

Roma is a Mexican drama directed by Alfonso Cuarón , which celebrated its world premiere on August 30, 2018 as part of the Venice Film Festival .

As part of the Golden Globe Awards 2019 , Roma was recognized for best foreign language film , and Cuarón for best director . At the 2019 Academy Awards , Roma was next to The Favorite - Intrigue and Insanity, the favorite with ten Academy Award nominations each, including those for best film and best director. Ultimately, the film won three Academy Awards in the categories of best director, best foreign language film and best camera.

action

Mexico City , 1970: The young Mixtekin Cleo works as a nanny and housekeeper for a family of seven in the Roma district . The children - sons Toño, Paco and Pepe and daughter Sofi - love Cleo and she takes care of the four. Together with a colleague, Cleo cleans, cooks and washes for the middle class family, like many young women in the neighborhood, and also takes care of their dog, Borras. Cleo serves the family while watching TV in the evening.

The young Mixtekin begins her first relationship with Fermín, who grew up in the slums and is passionate about Asian martial arts. When Cleo tells him during a visit to the cinema that she may be pregnant, he leaves the hall under a pretext and disappears from the scene. When she tells her employer Sofía about the matter, Cleo fears that she will lose her job, but she stands behind her and takes her to a doctor.

Sofia has to cope with a lengthy absence of her husband who wants to attend a conference in Québec . Over Christmas and New Years they drive to relatives in the country without their father, but take Cleo with them. When she found out Fermín's whereabouts a few days later in a slum on the outskirts of the city, she saw him taking part in a stick fighting training in the midst of a hundred young men lined up in military lines. When the heavily pregnant woman stands in front of him, he threatens her to beat the child out of her if she continues to claim that he is the father. Sofia too has to cope with her family life without a partner, because her husband is not in Canada but has left her and the children.

When Cleo tried to buy a cot with Sofia's mother in town, protesting students were attacked in the street by civilian paramilitary units . A couple escapes into the furniture store and is pursued by a paramilitary group, including Fermín. The man is shot in front of Cleos. Cleo's amniotic sac bursts. The trip to the hospital is delayed because of a traffic jam. There are complications in childbirth. The baby is stillborn, and after unsuccessful resuscitation efforts, Cleo is only left with a brief farewell to her daughter.

After Sofía has sold her husband's Ford Galaxie , she wants to go to the sea with the children for a few days; it is the last opportunity to use the spacious family carriage again. Cleo, who falls into a state of sadness, should also accompany her and come up with other thoughts. They go to Tuxpan , and there Sofía tells her children over dinner that their father is not at a conference in Canada, but has left them. Despite several attempts by the mother to comfort the children, they are sad.

Sofi and Paco go into the water on the beach. When Cleo sees that the children cannot make it back on their own, she runs into the sea to save them, although she cannot swim. Sofía and her children gratefully hug Cleo. At that moment she says that she did not want her stillborn child. When they return to the city, they find the house completely changed. Sofía plans to go back to work full time in order to be able to keep the family afloat, since her husband no longer supports her financially. Cleo also stays with the family.

background

Today in Mexico a warning plaque commemorates the Corpus Christi massacre

A backstory told as part of the film is that of the Corpus Christi massacre in 1971, in which dozens of demonstrating students were killed by a paramilitary group called Los Halcones . The massacre took place at the time of Mexico's "Guerra Sucia" (dirty war), which lasted until the early 1980s. The disappearance, murder and torture of thousands of leftists, militant workers and peasants is a chapter in Mexican history that has not been forgotten. Alfonso Cuarón , the film's Mexican director, was nine years old at the time of the massacre.

Representatives of human rights organizations and the “Special Prosecutor for Social and Political Movements of the Past” (Femossp) in Mexico were outraged in 2005 when a judge rejected the application for a warrant for genocide in 1971. The last domestic legal opportunity to hold former President Luis Echeverría Álvarez accountable for his responsibility in the massacre of opposition students on June 10, 1971, was thus exhausted and Echeverría was left at large. A year later, on June 30, 2006, Echeverría was arrested as the person primarily responsible for the Tlatelolco massacre (Matanza de Tlatelolco) . However, the proceedings were stopped at the beginning of July 2006 because the statute of limitations had expired. In the far bloodier massacre in Tlatelolco on October 2, 1968, several hundred students from UNAM , the University of Mexico City, were killed. The student protests had been put down by the Mexican government with brutal violence and the use of machine guns, only to be able to celebrate an "Olympics of Peace" undisturbed ten days later.

production

Staff and biography

“[...] the Corpus Christi massacre definitely left a scar in the collective consciousness of Mexican society. Mexico is a country with many fractures and trauma, but this massacre was very formative. "

Directed by Alfonso Cuarón

It is in Roma to Alfonso Cuaron's first settled in Mexico film since his breakthrough with Y Tu Mamá También - Lust for Life . Four years earlier, Cuarón had won an Oscar for best director for Gravity .

The title of the film refers to the district of the same name in Mexico City. The story of the film is shaped by autobiography. The director told the press in early 2017 after the production was finished: "Coming back to my country with this particular project was very personal because we made a film in the 1970s with many elements and experiences from my childhood." I realized a film that he had always dreamed of making with the means available to him, says Cuarón. Cuarón went on to say: “I can live abroad, but I still think Mexican. I am very attached to the past in my country. ”About the related background story, Alfonso Cuarón said:“ The Corpus Christi massacre definitely left a scar on the collective consciousness of Mexican society. Mexico is a country with many fractures and trauma, but this massacre was very formative. "

Eva-Christina Meier from the taz explains, similar to the Mexican writer and screenwriter Guillermo Arriaga , who describes the beginning of paramilitary organization in Mexico in his novel The Wild from the perspective of an adolescent in the early 1970s, Cuarón in Roma also looks at this historical one Moment back, which marks a social turning point.

The film is also a homage to the quiet work of the housemaids who also shaped Cuarón's childhood, especially to Liboria “Libo” Rodríguez, the family's maid.

Cast, filming and equipment

Marina de Tavira , the only trained actress in the cast, took on the role of Sofía, Señora Antonio. Fernando Gradiaga plays her husband Dr. Antonio. The role of her nanny Cleo was cast with Yalitza Aparicio . Nancy García García , Daniela Demesa and Marco Graf can also be seen in other roles .

Black Ford Galaxie 500, 390 engine 2 door convertible left side.JPG
The family carriage in the film: a Ford Galaxie
"Roma" filming locations in Mexico City - 2.jpg
The facade of the house at 22 Calle de Tepeji

Cuarón explained that 90 percent of the scenes in Roma came from his own memory: “I reproduced the home of my childhood, I even brought together much of the original furniture, I cast the actors so that they were almost identical to my family at the beginning of the year The seventies work - right down to the main character of the film, the nanny Cleo. We also shot on the original locations, so transformed today's Mexico City into the past. I even had exactly the same car models parked in the street that were always there at the time. "

Real film locations that have been modified include the Calzada Mexico-Tacuba, where the so-called Corpus Christi massacre took place, a furniture store that has been rebuilt, and vacant premises of a clinic where a floor has been restored for the hospital scenes. During the shooting in the Calle de Tepeji, the exterior shots do not show the house with number 21, in which Cuarón lived with his mother, three brothers and the Mixtekin Libo, but the opposite house, where there was better lighting. For the interiors of the house where Cuarón grew up, a house near Narvarte was available that was to be demolished. This was provided with movable walls. It turned out that the tiles in the inner courtyard of the parents' house - you can see the tiles in the opening credits - came from the 1930s. They had to be recreated for the film set.

The panorama that shows over the roofs of Rome was recreated with CGI , as the urban landscape had changed significantly compared to the 1970s. Cuarón and cameraman Galo Olivares shot the film in black and white with Arri's digital Alexa 65 . The challenge when shooting was - as in the times of black and white film - to coordinate the colors of the scene in such a way that impressive shades of gray were later created in the black and white image.

The production designer Eugenio Caballero also used materials with a "strong texture". The visual effects were realized by MPC. Since the streetscape in Mexico City had changed significantly since the 1970s - also due to the earthquake of 1985 - the buildings and facades of the 1970s had to be seamlessly integrated into the actually rotated streets of the present using CGI.

The film critic Antje Wessels writes about the result that Cuarón makes optimal use of the space in front of the camera, tells on different levels and at times entire storylines within a single 360-degree turn, which also require real performance choreographies from the actors, in which everyone Every step, every look and every action are precisely planned. The camera often moves to a point in the room beforehand where the people appear shortly afterwards.

Filming was completed on March 14, 2017. Alfonso Cuarón thanked the authorities in particular for allowing him to film in the original locations of the atrocities and for blocking entire main streets for the filming. The city government of Mexico City had allowed the filmmaker to cordon off several main streets in the city for key scenes.

Sound design and synchronization

For the sound design, Cuaron worked with Sergio Díaz , also from Mexico City . The film's sound team also included the Oscar-nominated José Antonio García and, as re-recording mixer, the two-time Primetime Emmy winner Craig Henighan and Skip Lievsay , who was also responsible for the sound design and with Cuarón already for Y Tu Mamá También and Gravity worked together, for which he won an Oscar in 2014. Eric Kohn of Indiewire says the sophistication of the Dolby Atmos sound design was that this would lead to immersive environments that emphasize the life of Cleo in a busy world, and on more than one occasion this effect rely on to apocalyptic extremes. Eva-Christina Meier from taz writes about the sound design: "The scouring of the stone tiles, the noise of the street or the music from the portable radio - thanks to the three-dimensional sound technology used by Cuarón, every scene has an immediate and tonally defined effect ." On December 14, 2018 Sony Masterworks released an accompanying album with 19 pieces of music selected by Cuarón, Lynn Fainchtein and Randall Poster .

The German dubbing was created based on the dialogue direction by Sabine Falkenberg and a dialogue book by Lioba Schmid on behalf of VSI Synchron GmbH, Berlin.

actor Voice actor role
Yalitza Aparicio Emily Gilbert Cleo
Marina de Tavira Anna Grisebach Sra. Sofia
Fernando Grediaga Armin Schlagwein Dr. Antonio
Daniela Demesa Marlene Schick Sofi
Diego Cortina Autrey Oskar Hansch Toño
Carlos Peralta Jaron Müller Paco
Marco Graf Toni Wegewitz Pepe
Zarela Lizbeth Chinolla Arellano Bianca Karsten Dr. Velez
Jorge Antonio Guerrero Raúl Richter Fermín
Nancy García García Marie-Isabel Walke Adela
Clementina Guadarrama Ilka Teichmüller Benita
Latin lover Christoph Banks Prof. Zovek
José Manuel Guerrero Mendoza Nick Forsberg Ramón
Verónica García Bea Tober Sra. Teresa

Marketing, Publishing and Album

A first teaser was presented in mid-August 2018. The film premiered on August 30, 2018 at the Venice Film Festival , where it was screened in the main competition and was awarded the Golden Lion . In September 2018, it celebrated its international premiere at the Toronto International Film Festival . In autumn 2018 he was selected at the Zurich Film Festival , at the end of September 2018 at the Hamburg Film Festival and in October 2018 at the New York Film Festival in the Centerpiece selection and at the Viennale . At the beginning of November 2018 there was a screening at the Tokyo International Film Festival . In mid-November 2018, Netflix presented a first German trailer. From November 21, 2018, the film was shown in selected cinemas in New York, Los Angeles and Mexico. Further cinema releases followed on November 29, 2018 in other US cities and in London, and on December 7, 2018 in other cities outside the USA. From December 6, 2018, it was shown in some German cities. In November 2018, CineStar announced that it would be showing the film in the original Spanish version with German and English subtitles between December 6 and 12, 2018. The film was also shown in Austria, for example in Vienna, Graz, Salzburg and Linz. On December 14, 2018, he was included in the Netflix program, albeit without German synchronization. The number of cinemas showing the film was also increased around this time, to 100 in the US and to over 500 in more than 40 countries worldwide.

About the collaboration with Netflix, Cuarón said that viewers have permanent access to a streaming service: “Of course, I would like to present Roma to audiences who are interested in the film under the best conditions, and that is of course a cinema with a big screen and a sound system that can reproduce our atmospheric sound design. “But he also knows that people are no longer so interested in cinema or simply don't have time to go to the cinema, Cuarón continues.

On January 8, 2019, the album Music Inspired by the Film Roma was released. After filming was over, Cuarón asked some of his favorite artists to compose songs inspired by the film. The resulting pieces of music include Wing by Patti Smith , Tarantula by Beck and When I was Older by Billie Eilish .

reception

Age rating

In Germany it was approved by the FSK from the age of 12. The statement of reasons for the release states: “The film is staged in an almost documentary style and shows the loving interaction between the characters. Dramatic situations include a tragic birth and a student revolt in which a demonstrator is shot. These and similar scenes, however, are within a framework that neither scares children from the age of 12 nor affects them in any other way. "

Reviews

So far, the film has received approval from 95 percent of Rotten Tomatoes ' critics and achieved an average rating of 8.9 out of a possible 10 points. In addition, the film emerged as the winner of the 20th Annual Golden Tomato Awards in the category Best-Reviewed Foreign Language Movies 2018 and also in the category Best Movies 2018: Limited Release .

After an initial screening in Venice, Glenn Kenny, a critic who publishes on RogerEbert.com, said the film worked as both a personal statement and a philosophical love letter from a humanist to life itself.

Todd McCarthy of The Hollywood Reporter explains that the film is situational rather than plot based, and blessed with an exceptionally keen sensibility for the everyday things of life, Roma has become a memorial film of uncommon beauty with a focus on the background. Alfonso Cuaron's lengthy, autobiographically inspired drama reconstructs this neighborhood in Mexico City from 1970 to 1971, but concentrates less on the children than on the sometimes confusing behavior of the adults around them, and that in the most beautiful black and white pictures. McCarthy said. He shows the whole thing from an omniscient, tolstoiesque perspective, which sees even the most traumatic events with an almost serene steadfastness, says McCarthy. The monochrome images evoked moments of crystal-clear liveliness, although Cuaron only worked for the second time in his life without his cameraman Emmanuel Lubezki . If there is anything missing in the film, says McCarthy, be it the individualization of the children in the family, since they are always busy doing this or that, mostly in groups, without clearly distinguishing themselves. Cuaron brought the emotional “ground zero” of the film through the character of Cleo in Roma , who McCarthy describes as someone who is apparently destined to go through life unnoticed and unnoticed.

Jorge Antonio Guerrero and his
fellow actors Marina de Tavira and Yalitza Aparicio at a screening of the film in the Teatro de la Ciudad Esperanza Iris in December 2018

Annett Scheffel from the Süddeutsche Zeitung explains that the family is mainly held together by the landlady Sofía and the indigenous housemaid Cleo: “Two women, separated by class differences, but united in the loving care for the children and the stoicism with which they are caused by the Day go. ” Yalitza Aparicio played the housemaid in her first film role with a touching mixture of submissiveness and warmth, Scheffel continued.

Christiane Peitz writes in the Tagesspiegel about the actual protagonist, the amateur actress Yalitza Aparicio, who actually comes from the village, is the quiet center of gravity of Roma , and in her role she exudes an inner dignity that the Sofia played by Marina de Tavira lacks.

Rolling Stone's Peter Travers explains that Aparicio will play the nanny Cleo as the calm eye of a storm and keep the family together even when their own lives are in danger of falling apart. The actress is great and moving in her silence and unforgettable.

Thomas Schultze von Blickpunkt: Film thinks that Roma is a work realized entirely according to Cuarón's ideas, which shows him at the height of his ability and in one hundred percent control of all creative means. You are just watching how everyday life unfolds in long, gentle shots. In countless virtuoso tracking shots, you accompany the women and children along streets, which feels as realistic and real as you could wish for, says Schultze.

Use in school lessons

The online portal kinofenster.de recommends the film for the subjects Spanish, German , art , ethics and social studies / community studies and offers materials for the film for teaching purposes. Jan-Philipp Kohlmann writes there that the low-contrast, digital black-and-white photography of the film emphasizes the timelessness of its social issues. Above all , Roma offers a lot of material for a film aesthetic analysis: “The exposure, the internal montage in the plan sequences, the realism as a cinematic style, the sound design and the monochrome image design are particularly suitable for this. The latter can also be put into practice in art lessons, for example by arranging their own childhood memories in a black and white photograph. "

Awards (selection)

The film was entered as a nominee for Mexico in the Best Foreign Language Film category at the 2019 Academy Awards and was later shortlisted by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences . The following is a selection of awards and nominations:

American Society of Cinematographers Awards 2019

Art Directors Guild Awards 2019

British Academy Film Awards 2019

  • Award for Best Film (Alfonso Cuarón and Gabriela Rodriguez)
  • Award for Best Director (Alfonso Cuarón)
  • Award for the best camera (Alfonso Cuarón)
  • Award for Best Foreign Language Film (Alfonso Cuarón and Gabriela Rodriguez)
  • Nomination for Best Original Screenplay (Alfonso Cuarón)
  • Nomination for Best Production Design (Eugenio Caballero and Bárbara Enríquez)
  • Nomination for Best Editing (Alfonso Cuarón and Adam Gough)

British Independent Film Awards 2018

Yalitza Aparicio at a screening of the film in December 2018

Critics' Choice Movie Awards 2019

Directors Guild of America Awards 2019

  • Award for Best Game Film (Alfonso Cuarón)

Eddie Awards 2019

  • Nomination in the category Best Film Editing - Drama (Alfonso Cuarón and Adam Gough)

Festival Internacional de Cine de San Sebastián 2018

  • Nomination for the audience award
  • Nomination in the Perlak section

Golden Globe Awards 2019

Gotham Awards 2018

  • Nomination for Best Young Actress (Yalitza Aparicio)

Goya 2019

Hollywood Music in Media Awards 2018

Independent Spirit Awards 2019

Venice International Film Festival 2018

  • Awarded the Golden Lion (Alfonso Cuarón)
  • Award with the SIGNIS Award

Los Angeles Film Critics Association Awards 2018

National Board of Review Awards 2018

New York Film Critics Circle Awards 2018

Leading actress Yalitza Aparicio at the 2019 Academy Awards

Academy Awards 2019

Producers Guild of America Awards 2019

  • Nomination for Best Film (Alfonso Cuarón and Gabriela Rodríguez)

Satellite Awards 2018

  • Award for best international film
  • Award for Best Original Screenplay (Alfonso Cuarón)
  • Award for Best Director (Alfonso Cuarón)
  • Nomination for Best Cinematography (Alfonso Cuarón)
  • Award for the best film editing (Alfonso Cuarón)
  • Nomination in the Art Direction and Production Design category
  • Nomination for best film actress (Yalitza Aparicio)

Toronto International Film Festival 2018

  • Second runner-up at the People's Choice Award (Alfonso Cuarón)

Writers Guild of America Awards 2019

  • Nomination for Best Original Screenplay (Alfonso Cuarón)

Web links

Commons : Roma  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

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