Spider-Man

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Spider-Man (in the original: The Amazing Spider-Man , in German earlier: The Spider ) is a comic character and a comic series from Marvel Comics . Spider-Man was created by Stan Lee and Steve Ditko . His first appearance was in Amazing Fantasy # 15 in August 1962.

Spider-Man is one of the main cartoon characters from Marvel Publishing. In German-speaking countries, Spider-Man has been the most successful Marvel character for most of the time since its introduction.

On the one hand he is a superhero with special skills, on the other hand he has to struggle with the troubles and problems of everyday life. Peter Benjamin Parker, aka The Spider , is taken in as an orphan by his uncle Ben and his aunt May.

history

1960s

John Romita senior is considered one of the most important Spider-Man draftsmen.

The character of Spider-Man dates from the time Marvel Comics began to focus on the superhero genre. After Marvel writers Stan Lee and Jack Kirby had already created characters who were astronauts ( Die Fantastischen Vier , debut November 1961) and scientists ( Hulk , May 1962), Lee now wanted to take a "normal teenager". Since the Fantastic Four already had elemental powers and the Hulk had super strength, it was decided to give the new character animal powers. He selected the spider , established that the new hero was unpopular in his civil identity, and named him Spider-Man . Marvel boss Martin Goodman was skeptical because Spider-Man broke three unwritten laws: First, teenage superheroes were mostly sidekicks from adult mentors (e.g. Robin for Batman ), and second, Spider-Man did not have a glamorous superpower (Goodman was worried that readers would avoid the comic with fear of spiders ), and third, the publisher was convinced that readers would never buy a comic with a "loser guy". Lee convinced Goodman to debut Spider-Man in the Amazing Fantasy franchise, which was about to end anyway. Lee originally planned for Jack Kirby to draw the new character. But after Kirby had delivered six test pages in which Spider-Man was portrayed "too heroically", he decided to entrust the more reserved drawing Steve Ditko with this task. What part Lee, Kirby and Ditko each had in the creation of Spider-Man is still the subject of controversy today.

Spider-Man made his debut in Amazing Fantasy # 15 (August 1962). In this comic, Peter Parker is portrayed as a slim, glasses-wearing orphan raised by his elderly Aunt May and her husband Ben . Despite (or because of) his talent for science, Peter is considered a nerd at his Midtown High School who is ridiculed as a "bookworm" by both the class bully Flash Thompson and his crush Liz Allen . When visiting a research laboratory, Peter is bitten by a radioactively contaminated spider and gains spider powers (i.e. adhesion to walls, superhuman physical strength, coordination, sensory acuity). He designs net sprayers, which he wears on his wrists, a blue and red spider costume, and calls himself Spider-Man . After earning money as a wrestler , he lets a fleeing thief go, because "that's none of his business". A little later, Uncle Ben is shot, and when Peter confronts the murderer, he is shocked that it was precisely the thief he let run away. Plagued by remorse, he devotes himself to a lifelong struggle against injustice, because "great strength follows great responsibility". This sentence, which in Amazing Fantasy # 15 from the Off comes later attributed within the Marvel world Uncle Ben.

Amazing Fantasy # 15 was an unexpected sales hit and helped make Spider-Man debut in its own franchise in Amazing Spider-Man # 1 (March 1963). In the early adventures, Spider-Man defeated the "villain of the month" as is typical of the genre, with popular super villains such as Chameleon (debut in Amazing Spider-Man # 1 ), Geier (# 2), Doctor Octopus (# 3), Sandman (# 4), Echse (# 6), Electro (# 9), Mysterio (# 11), Grüner Goblin (# 14) or Kraven (# 15) were invented, which Spider-Man often fought over the next few decades. Ditko and Lee built in recurring problems that Spider-Man never gets recognition for his deeds, and as Peter Parker always has to deal with school problems, lovesickness and worries about his widowed, heart-sick Aunt May. These topics, which were unusual at the time, contributed to the growing popularity and a high identification factor among the readership. Another factor was the local color, as Spider-Man's adventures mostly took place in New York City , as opposed to e.g. B. Batman and Superman , which are stored in the fictional cities of Gotham City and Metropolis .

Cosplayers as Gwen Stacy (l.), Spider-Man (m.) And Mary Jane Watson (r.)

Newspaper boss J. Jonah Jameson who hates Spider-Man , his level-headed right-hand man Robbie Robertson (one of Marvel's first African American characters) and secretary Betty Brant, who became Peter's first love, were introduced as supporting characters. Soon the self-confident young actress Mary Jane Watson joined, whose first sentence "face it tiger, you just hit the jackpot" (admit it, Tiger, you just hit the jackpot ) is one of the most famous Spider-Man quotes. During this period, Ditko and Lee established several opposites in the relationship between Peter Parker and Spider-Man. Firstly, Peter was shy and reserved in his civilian identity, but as a Spider-Man he was a hot spur that knocked on a proverb. Second, Flash ridiculed Peter as a nerd but was Spider-Man's biggest fan. Third, JJ Jameson hated Spider-Man but paid Peter money to get photos of him. Fourth, Spider-Man had great super powers, but unconditionally bowed to his frail Aunt May at home.

When Ditko and Lee graduated from high school in 1965 and sent Peter Parker to the fictional Empire State University as a student , they introduced other characters, including: a. his roommate Harry Osborn , whose seedy billionaire father Norman Osborn (who is secretly the super villain Green Goblin ), and the bright, beautiful fellow student Gwen Stacy , daughter of police officer George Stacy . Shortly thereafter, Ditko ended his collaboration with Lee after personal differences. As a replacement, Lee hired the new draftsman John Romita senior . At a time when Peter Parker was starting a new chapter in his life in the comics, Romita no longer drew him as a pale nerd, but as an attractive young man, and Spider-Man with the physical presence of a seasoned superhero. Romita's interpretations are still considered to be the “ultimate” versions of the character.

1970s

In 1971 the Spider-Man story became Green Goblin Reborn! published which for the first time presented the negative effects of drug use. This was in contrast to the then applicable Comics Code , but author Stan Lee insisted on this socially critical story and accepted that the comic could be described as "harmful to young people". The story was a success with both fans and critics, and helped ensure that the comics code was later scrapped.

In 1972 Lee handed over the authorship of Spider-Man to Gerry Conway, who was then just 20 years old . One of Conway's first acts was killing Peter Parker's girlfriend, Gwen Stacy. The background was that the draftsman John Romita, editor Roy Thomas and he agreed that their character development by the standards of the time was exhausted. If Peter had revealed his secret identity to her and married her, they feared that they would no longer be able to go on credible adventures with Spider-Man. So they wrote Amazing Spider-Man # 121 (June 1973) in which the Green Goblin Gwen throws down a bridge and Spider-Man accidentally breaks her neck while trying to save her with a spider web. The story established the Green Goblin as Spider-Man's archenemy, aggravated Peter's guilt (after Uncle Ben's death, he blamed himself for Gwen's death), and is still considered one of the most shocking moments in US comic history.

In the 1970s, socially critical issues were increasingly processed in Spider-Man. In addition to the risks of drug use, there were student protests, the civil rights movement and the Vietnam War . This was reflected u. a. reflected in the transformation of Flash Thompson, who joined the US Army and went to Vietnam. The role of Mary Jane Watson, who had previously been with Harry Osborn, and now (despite tough competition from Spider-Man's superhero colleague Black Cat ) became Peter's girlfriend also changed. The first spin-off series was also opened, Spectacular Spider-Man (1976). While the flagship series Amazing Spider-Man focused on the fight against super villains, the stories in the Spectacular focused on socially critical issues such as street crime, drug trafficking, and corruption.

1980s

In the 1980s, Spider-Man was visually changed. He had always worn a red and blue costume since 1962, but in 1984 in the Marvel crossover series Secret Wars he merged with an alien black "symbiote mass", so that he wore a black costume for several years. In addition, Mary Jane discovered his secret identity, which strained their relationship considerably. Several fan and critically acclaimed stories have been written during this decade: In The Death of Jean DeWolff (1985) by author Peter David , a psychopath murders one of Peter's confidants, whereupon only Daredevil can prevent Spider-Man from killing the villain in Kravens Last Hunt (1987) by Jean Marc DeMatteis buries Kraven Spider-Man alive, massacres any criminal who could not defeat Spider-Man, and ends up judging himself, and in The Wedding (1987) Mary Jane and Peter eventually get married. It was also established that Spider-Man's symbiotic mass was a parasite that slowly ate him up. After Spider-Man defeated his own costume after a hard fight, he wore red and blue instead of black after a long time. The crowd found a new host named Eddie Brock, who became the super villain Venom (1988).

1990s

Todd McFarlane drew Spider-Man # 1 (1992), one of the best-selling comics of the 1990s.

The 1990s were chaotic for both Spider-Man and Marvel Comics themselves. With the new cartoonist Todd McFarlane , Spider-Man # 1 (1990) sold 2.5 million times during the time of the comic book bubble . In 1992 McFarlane left Marvel to join Image Comics , and Marvel itself was on the verge of bankruptcy due to mismanagement. During this time, many stories were written in which Spider-Man had to deal with the spider super villains Venom and Carnage (debut 1991). In addition, author Howard Mackie created the so-called clone saga , in which it was established that Peter Parker is allegedly only a clone of the "real" Spider-Man named Ben Reilly. The creative and financial turmoil led Mackie to be encouraged to incorporate more and more cliffhangers and shock effects to boost sales. The increasing reduction of Mary Jane to the role of a supermodel with luscious curves, which apart from fan service, contributed little to the story, was criticized. More and more Spider-Man clones like Kaine or Carnage were established, Mary Jane became pregnant and lost her child, and Peter Parker gave up superheroism several times but never stayed, and the reaction from fans and criticism was negative. This included dealing with Aunt May, who appears to die a worthy death in the story The Gift ( Amazing Spider-Man # 400 , 1995) - until Mackie established that this was just a "genetically modified doppelganger" and that real Aunt May was still alive. Even after the clone saga ended and Peter Parker was re-established as Spider-Man, the cartoon character was struck.

2000s

In this decade, the image of Spider-Man was largely determined by the successful film series by Sam Raimi and Avi Arad , in which Tobey Maguire played the title hero. At the same time, the Ultimate Spider-Man series was introduced with contemporary versions of the established characters, so that new readers could join in without having to bring 40 years of prior knowledge with them. In this version, penned by writer Brian Michael Bendis , Aunt May and Uncle Ben were hippies , Peter was bitten by a genetically modified instead of a radioactive spider, and he was with Mary Jane, Liz, Flash, Harry and from the start later Gwen in the same school class. These hip interpretations were widely praised. Author J. Michael Straczynski also made a noticeable improvement in the main series Amazing Spider-Man . In 2002 he wrote the story The Conversation , in which Aunt May reveals Peter as Spider-Man. When she wants to know why he lied to her for so long, the embarrassed Peter tells everything about his secret identity, confesses to her the episode with the thief and wants to take all the blame for Ben's death, but she won't let him: if she doesn't had argued with Ben "about something completely pointless" beforehand, he would never have left the house and the thief would not have shot him. Both forgive one another, and so Spider-Man makes peace with his greatest misconduct. In the course of the Marvel crossover Civil War (2006), author Mark Millar let Peter Parker share his secret identity with the world, but this was reversed a year later in the story One More Day (2007). Aunt May dies after being ricocheted in this Straczynski storyline, which Marvel boss Joe Quesada had a great influence on, but then the super villain Mephisto (the Marvel equivalent of Satan ) offers Peter to sacrifice himself for her. Peter agrees, so that Mephisto brings Aunt May back to life, but reverses his marriage to Mary Jane and all that has happened afterwards. Thus the Spider-Man universe was reset to the state of 1987, so that u. a. nobody knew the secret identity of Spider-Man anymore. Much like Gerry Conway, who had Spider-Man's girlfriend Gwen Stacy killed in 1972, Quesada said that the marriage slowed down both Peter and Mary Jane as characters. This decision was meticulously ambivalent by both Straczynski, who distanced himself from the story, and by fans and criticism, as an established superhero had literally made a pact with the devil .

2010s

In the 2010s there was a relaunch of the Spider-Man films, in which Andrew Garfield played the superhero twice. In the comics, author Dan Slott established in the new series Superior Spider-Man that the dying super villain Doctor Octopus transfers his consciousness into Spider-Man's brain and thus takes over Peter Parker's body. Doctor Oktopus is dedicated to the mission of being a "better Spider-Man" than the original, and is more ruthless and effective both as a superhero and in his civil identity. Slott's stories were initially viewed negatively, but convinced fans and critics with the original approach of interpreting Spider-Man no longer as a brooder plagued by self-doubt, but as an arrogant macho. After Peter takes over his body again, he notices that the supervillain has completely turned both his business and personal life inside out, which wasn't always a disadvantage. The comic were also praised Spider-Gwen describing an alternate timeline in which not Peter Parker, but Gwen gained Stacy Spider forces and the emergence of Miles Morales, who after the death of Peter Parker in the alternate universe of Ultimate Spider-Man the became the first African American Spider-Man.

In 2015 there was a publisher-wide relaunch of the Marvel series ("All-New, All-Different Marvel"), so that u. a. the regular Marvel Universe (Marvel-616) has been merged with the universes from Ultimate Marvel (Marvel-1610) and Spider-Gwen (Marvel-65). As a result, Peter Parker (616 version), Miles Morales (1610 version) and Gwen Stacy (65 version) now act in the same world after the relaunch, and Peter with his feelings of guilt about his version of Gwen and Miles coping with guilt about his version of Peter.

In 2017, Spider-Man: Homecoming was released another movie that belongs to the Marvel Cinematic Universe . To this end, Marvel had reached an agreement with Sony and acquired the right to have the character appear in five films, of which Sony has a share in the profits. A Spider-Man portrayed by Tom Holland was featured in The First Avenger: Civil War in 2016.

Fictional biography

Spider-Man watches over Koblenz
Spider-Man climbs over a roof in Essen

In Amazing Fantasy # 15 (1962) set the current history of Spider-Man is described. The orphan Peter Parker, the elderly with his Aunt May and Uncle Ben elderly grows up, is a shy, unpopular nerd . After being bitten by a radioactive spider, he develops various superpowers: the proportionally increased power, the speed and agility of a spider, the ability to climb walls and a "spider's sense". He then calls himself Spider-Man, sews himself a red and blue costume with spider motifs and invents "web glands" with the associated web fluid. These allow him to spin various nets, from elastic ropes, on which he swings from house to house, stable safety nets, or shackles to tie in criminals. In addition, Spider-Man is a clever spell knocker, which u. a. inspired later heroes like Deadpool .

When Peter tries to earn money as a wrestler in his Spider-Man costume , he doesn't stop a fleeing thief. Shortly afterwards, Peter's uncle Ben is shot, and when Peter confronts the murderer, to his horror he recognizes the thief, whom he did not stop. From then on he dedicated himself to the hunt for criminals and he always took Ben's motto to heart : "Great power comes great responsibility" ( English : "With great power comes great responsibility"). In contrast to other superheroes like Superman or Batman , the main reason for Spider-Man's hunt for criminals is neither nobility nor revenge, but guilt.

After graduating from high school in 1965, Peter studied at the fictional Empire State University, befriended his roommate Harry Osborn, and was soon courted by both his fellow student Gwen Stacy and the budding actress Mary Jane Watson. After Peter and Gwen get together, she dies in a battle between Spider-Man and the Green Goblin (Harry's criminal father Norman Osborn) (1973). After prolonged grief, Mary Jane and Peter find each other, and after accepting his superhero identity, they finally get married (1987). But this was reversed in 2007 by the story One More Day . Peter's career has remained as a freelance photographer for the Daily Bugle and as a lecturer at Empire State University.

Since his debut in 1962, Peter's elderly, heart disease Aunt May Parker has been his main caregiver. He blames himself for the death of her husband Ben, but for a long time does not dare to tell her the truth about himself, fearing that it would kill her. Aunt May only found out his secret identity late (2002) and forgives him for his inactivity before Uncle Ben's death. Also since the beginning of the comics, Peter has been selling photos of Spider-Man (i.e. himself) to Spider-Man-hating newspaper boss J. Jonah Jameson. Ironically, after Aunt May married Jameson's father in 2009, he is Spider-Man's relative.

Within the world of Marvel Comics , Spider-Man is known as a prototypical lone fighter who is hated by the establishment (played by J. Jonah Jameson) but loved by the population. This is reflected in his unofficial nickname "friendly neighborhood Spider-Man" (English: the friendly Spider-Man from next door, in the German version the friendly spider from the neighborhood ). Nevertheless, Spider-Man has been friends with Johnny Storm from Fantastic Four since the 1960s (which can partly be explained by the fact that both were the only teenage superheroes at Marvel Comics at the time) and is more often in crossovers with Daredevil and To see Wolverine .

As a superhero, Spider-Man has a large gallery of super villains. The Green Goblin (Norman Osborn), who was the first villain to discover Peter Parker's secret identity and who sent his girlfriend Gwen Stacy to her death in 1973, is generally regarded as his archenemy: Spider-Man's fight against the Green Goblin is the focus of the film Spider- Man . This status is reinforced by the second incarnation of the Green Goblin (Harry Osborn, Norman Osborn's mentally unstable son), against whom Peter is particularly reluctant to fight, as Harry is his best friend in his civil identity. This dispute was the focus of the film The Amazing Spider-Man 2: Rise of Electro . Another archenemy is Doctor Octopus, who made his debut in 1963 and is historically one of Spider-Man's oldest opponents. He was the first super villain to defeat Spider-Man in a fight, and with his mechanical arms is an equal opponent for Spider-Man's strength, agility and climbing skills. Spider-Man's fight against Doctor Octopus was the focus of the film Spider-Man 2 . From the 1990s onwards, Venom is counted as the third archenemy, who has all of Spider-Man's powers and is the first opponent to whom his spider sense did not react. The fight between Spider-Man and Venom was the focus of the film Spider-Man 3 . Other super villains who played leading roles in Spider-Man movies were Echse ( The Amazing Spider-Man ) and Electro ( The Amazing Spider-Man 2: Rise of Electro ). But Spider-Man's greatest enemy is J. Jonah Jameson, who with his lifelong smear campaign against Spider-Man ensures that many people distrust him. His feud against Spider-Man was an important subplot, especially in the first few films.

The world of Spider-Man

Since the beginning of 1962 Peter Parker / Spider-Man has lived in Queens , New York City with his aunt May Parker and her husband Ben Parker , who is shot by a thief in the first Spider-Man comic. For a long time nothing is known about Peter's parents Mary Parker and Richard Parker , only later does Peter learn that they were secret agents who died in the fight against the Nazi super villain Red Skull . The following fictional locations exist within the Spider-Man world:

  • Daily Bugle : A newspaper run by Spider-Man-hating publisher J. Jonah Jameson , his level-headed assistant Robbie Robertson , and his secretary Betty Brant .
  • Midtown High School : The high school that Peter Parker, Liz Allen, and Flash Thompson graduated from
  • Empire State University : A university where Peter Parker initially worked as a student and later as a lecturer. Flash played on the local football team.
  • Oscorp : The powerful chemical company of the seedy Norman Osborn , the super villain Green Kobold or the Green Goblin

Marvel Comics characters based on Spider-Man are:

  • Scarlet Spider / Ben Reilly (debut 1975): A clone of Peter Parker who at times during the clone saga thought he was the real Spider-Man
  • Spider-Woman / Jessica Drew (1977): A woman whose spinning forces were awakened by magic and technology, and closer to the Avengers works
  • Spider-Ham / Peter Porker (1983): The "Spider Pig" from a parallel dimension in which all the Marvel characters anthropomorphized animals are
  • Spider-Woman / Julia Carpenter (1984): A woman who acquired her spider powers from a military project
  • Venom / Eddie Brock (1988): A bitter journalist who became the new host of the alien symbiote that Spider-Man repelled in the 1980s
  • Carnage / Cletus Kasady (1991): A crazy mass murderer who was also possessed by the alien symbiote
  • Spider-Man 2099 / Miguel O'Hara (1992): The Spider-Man from an alternate future
  • Kaine Parker (1994): A clone of Peter Parker who was a supervillain for a long time before he was interpreted as an antihero
  • Steel Spider / Oliver Osnick (1994): A chubby prodigy, hurt by those around him, who first fights Spider-Man, then becomes his friend
  • Spider Woman III / Mattie Franklin (1998): A girl who got her powers by ingesting chemicals from Norman Osborn's camps
  • Spider-Girl / May Parker (1998): The daughter of Mary Jane and Peter Parker from an alternate future
  • Araña / Anya Corazon (2004): The only Latina with spider powers, and the only one whose powers are more magical
  • Spider-Man II / Miles Morales (2011): The African-American successor to Peter Parker in the comic book Ultimate Spider-Man
  • Silk / Cindy Moon (2014): It was established that the radioactive spider, to which Peter Parker owes his powers, also bit Cindy Moon before she died
  • Spider-Woman IV / Gwen Stacy (2015): Not Peter Parker, but Gwen Stacy was bitten by the radioactive spider in an alternative universe.
  • Agent Venom / Flash Tompson  : After Venom finds his perfect host in Flash, they fight criminals together and help Spider-Man on SHIELD
  • Iron Spider / Amadeus Cho : Iron Spider has an Iron Man-like suit with which he always stands by Spider-Man. He's also the seventh smartest person in the world.
  • Web-Beard : With Spider-Man's appearance and a beard, this Spider-Man pirate from a parallel dimension has no spider powers.
  • Web-Slinger / Peter Parker : This Spider-Man, who comes from a parallel dimension, is a western hero and fights crime there. However, he has no spider powers.
  • Spider-Knight : This Spider-Man, who comes from a parallel dimension, has no spider powers. For this he has the equipment of a knight and is extremely skilled with the sword.
  • Blood-Spider / Peter Parker : This Spider-Man, who comes from a parallel dimension, fights vampires in a contaminated New York.
  • Wolf-Spider / Peter Parker : This Spider-Man, who comes from a parallel dimension, is extremely vicious and wants to tear apart realities.
  • Spider Noir / Peter Parker : This Spider-Man, who comes from a parallel dimension, lives in a black and white reality and fights common gangsters like Hammerhead and Joe Fixit.
  • Bone-Spider : He is a member of the Spider-Slayers and can push spikes out of his body and use them as a weapon.
  • Ghost-Spider : He is a member of the Spider-Slayers and can change his density so that his entire body becomes transparent. Furthermore he can teleport himself and is superhumanly strong.
  • Goliath Spider : This member of the Spider-Slayers can turn his body into metal and has a power similar to the Hulk.
  • Spider-Girl / Petra Parker : This Spider-Man, who comes from a parallel dimension, is extremely similar to Peter Parker. Only this spider is female. But the forces are almost identical.

Characters in the world of Spider-Man

Supporting people

Liz Allan : She's a classmate of Peter Parker's in Midtown High School. She is the friend of Flash Thompson. She later becomes interested in Peter after he meets Betty Brant. When they finished high school, Peter had to fight her stepfather the Molten Man as Spider-Man at the ceremony. Years later, she meets again as Harry Osborn's wife, Peter, who is now with Mary Jane. But then he has to divorce Harry because of his crazy tendency towards the green goblin. She is now having an affair with Daredevils / Matt Murdock's partner Foggy Nelson, but also leaves him after an attack by Mysterio. After all that has happened, she wants to leave New York with her son Normie Osborn, whom she had with Harry. The character was invented by Stan Lee and Steve Ditko and first appeared in Amazing Fantasy # 15 (August 1962). She is played by Laura Harrier in the movie Spider-Man: Homecoming.

Black Cat / Felicia Hardy : She is a thief in a cat costume and often helps Spider-Man against evil, and she also shows a special affection for Spider-Man. The character was created by Marv Wolfman and Keith Pollard, first appeared in The Amazing Spider-Man # 194 (July 1979). Felicity Jones portrayed Felicia Hardy in The Amazing Spider-Man 2: Rise of Electro.

Betty Brant : She works at the Daily Bugle and falls in love with Peter Parker. But the love ends after she starts to think badly of Spider-Man because he is partly responsible for her brother's death. She later marries her colleague Ned Leeds. She is almost killed by the Sin-Eater, but escapes. After her husband is found to be the villain Hobgoblin, she goes insane. During the Inferno event, she is rescued by old friend Flash Thompson and Spider-Man after being attacked by Spider clones. When the writer Debra Whitman writes badly about Spider-Man, Betty reveals information to the rival newspaper Daily Globe. After Daily Bugle boss J. Jonah Jameson suffered a heart attack, Betty would have been given a minor role in the paper again, but Peter was able to make a fictional connection with Marlon Brando, which made her interesting again. Nevertheless, she now writes a weblog on her own and works with Flash. It was also invented by Stan Lee and Steve Ditko for The Amazing Spider-Man # 4 (September 1963). She was portrayed by Elizabeth Banks in the Sam Raimi Spider-Man film series. In the movie Spider-Man: Homecoming, she is played by Angourie Rice.

Carlie Cooper : She was friends with Lily Hollister / Menace and Gwen Stacy. She is an officer in the New York Police Department's Crime Scene Unit. She finds a Spider-Tracer and suspects to find a group of murderers: the "Spider-Tracer Killer". Later she and her partner Norah Winters have to save the city from Doctor Octopus. Through a magical fight in which Mister Negative is also involved, she learns that her father is not the good cop as she always thought. He goes on a date with Peter, but this is interrupted because the criminal attacks Tombstone. After a fight with Spider-Man, he can be imprisoned. The love that began during the plot of Spider-Man: Brand New Day continued, with ups and downs, in Spider-Man: Big Time. After she learned after the events in Spider-Island that Peter Parker lied to her that he was Spider-Man, she leaves him. After Octavios has assumed the identity of Peter Parker / Spider-Man in Dying Wish, the latter confronts Carlie Cooper. She is hit by one of his tentacles and has to go to the hospital. When the new Mayor Jameson shakes hands with Spider-Man, she realizes that something is wrong and is now researching what is wrong with the real Peter Parker. She is responsible for regenerating Peter's consciousness in the storylines "The Superior Spider-Man" and "Dead No More: The Clone Conspiracy". To do this, she faces her old friend Menace and Goblin King / Norman Osborn. Then she leaves New York. This character was invented by Dan Slott and Joe Quesada and first appeared in The Amazing Spider-Man # 545 (December 2007).

Jean DeWolff : DeWolff is the police captain of the New York City Police Departments, which she managed despite a difficult childhood. She has a penchant for the 1930s. She often works with Spider-Man. But then she was killed by her lover Stanley Carter / Sin-Eater. Spider-Man continues to uphold her deeds. It was created by Bill Mantlo and Sal Buscema for Marvel Team-Up # 48 (August 1976).

Glory Grant : She's a model and is moving into the same building where Peter lives. They become friends and through him Grant gets a job as a secretary at the Daily Bugle. After a while, she falls in love with the criminal Eduardo Lobo, who is fighting against Kingpin. In a Spider-Man fight against the Lobo Brothers, in which Grant is also confronted, she shoots Eduardo. Grant is also involved in bringing Calypso back to life. When Jameson becomes Mayor of Manhattan, she is by his side. But she quits the job again because Jameson does not give up his feud against Spider-Man. It was first written by Gerry Conway and drawn by Ross Andru for The Amazing Spider-Man # 140 (January 1975).

Publication in Germany

In Germany, Spider-Man was published for the first time from the mid-1960s to the early 1970s under the title Die Spinne im Bildschriftenverlag (BSV) in the hit comics series in loose order without any chronological reference to the US original.

Then the series was reissued and in chronological order by Williams Verlag (No. 1 from 1974 to No. 137 from 1979). However, Williams also left gaps. For example, the US issue # 29 of Amazing Spider-Man was not published by Williams Verlag because the original artwork was no longer available at Marvel USA. That number was simply left out. Curiously, exactly this number is the content of the first comic from the BSV: Hit Comics No. 1 from 1966. After that, Condor Verlag took over the continuation of the series from the late 1970s to the mid-1990s , although it left a larger gap to its predecessor. In addition, the German adaptations of the US model by Condor-Verlag showed considerable qualitative differences and gaps in content compared to the US original. This discrepancy can be traced back to partially incorrect translations, but also to extensive text and image shortenings. The main reason for this was the paperback format used by Condor. In the US, like almost all US comics, Spider-Man's comics were published in a larger booklet format. Only a few graphic novels with Spider-Man are comparable to the European comic album format. It was only Marvel Germany , founded as a branch of the Italian Panini publishing house, that closed the gap between Williams and Condor in 1998 in the form of the magazine slider The Missing Year (No. 137 to No. 150).

Since then, Marvel Germany has published a wide range of Marvel Comics under the name Panini Comics , including the lavish complete series of Spider-Man, which summarizes all publications from the years 1962 (Amazing Fantasy 15) - 1979 in a slipcase in individual reprints . This also includes the second successful Spider-Man series ( The Spectacular Spider-Man ) as well as special issues (including the Spider-Man Annuals ). Since 2005, the early Spider-Man comics have appeared in the correct order as anthologies under the title Marvel History: Spider-Man . The series was discontinued after 6 volumes.

Other media

Series

Spider-Man made several appearances on television. The first cartoon series was produced by Ralph Bakshi in 1967 , with the voices of Bernard Cowan and later Paul Soles. In Japan there was a real-life series of Spider-Man in the 1970s, in which, typical for Asian films, he had a giant robot , similar to that of the Power Rangers , as an aid. There were then two more attempts to revive the Spider-Man real film series in the mid-80s and early 90s, but they failed.

In contrast, there have been numerous Spider-Man animated series. By far the most successful of these was New Spider-Man , which was produced for FOX from 1994 onwards . The story of the series was based more on the comic book than any other, but there were crucial differences: FOX practiced quite strict censorship, which for example the mention, let alone the explicit representation of the death of a person was forbidden. For example, the famous and momentous death of Gwen Stacy could not find its way into the series and in general the words “die”, “kill” and the like - if unavoidable - were tried to be replaced by words with similar meaning such as “destroy”. The opponents were also not allowed to use their fists in fights.

Spectacular Spider-Man (fully titled The Spectacular Spider-Man Animated Series ) is a recent version in animated form for American television, developed by Victor Cook and Greg Weisman , and premiered on March 8, 2008. This version is based on style very much based on the original stories by Stan Lee and Steve Ditko with a similar mix of action, dramatic moments, comedy and high school life. However, elements from other more recent implementations are also used.

From April 2012 to January 2017, the series The Ultimate Spider-Man was broadcast in English-speaking countries, which is based on the character design on the Ultimate version, but differs greatly from the story. In addition, the series is characterized by a continuous slapstick atmosphere, whereby the seriousness of the original comic series (especially the characterization of Spider-Man through his sense of responsibility) is largely lost.

In the summer of 2017, the new series simply titled Spider-Man started and replaced The Ultimate Spider-Man on Disney XD .

Year (s) title Original title comment
1967-1970 Spider-Man Spider-Man
1978-1979 Supaidâman Japanese Spider-Man adaptation, not released in Germany
1979-1980 Spiderwoman Spider-Woman Offshoot
1981-1982 Spider-Man
alternative title: Spider-Man 5000
Spider-Man
1981-1983 Spider-Man and his extraordinary friends Alternative title: Spider-Man and his extraordinary
friends
Spider-Man and his Amazing Friends Together with Iceman and Firestar
1993-1998 New Spider-Man Spider-Man: The Animated Series
1999-2001 Spider-Man Unlimited Spider-Man Unlimited Sequel to New Spider-Man
2003 Spider-Man
Alternative title: Spider-Man 2003 / Spider-Man The New Animated Series
Spider-Man: The Animated Series Continuation of the movie Spider-Man
2008-2009 Spectacular Spider-Man The Spectacular Spider-Man
2012-2017 The ultimate Spider-Man Ultimate Spider-Man
2013-2019 Avengers - together invincible Avengers Assemble Supporting role
2017 - Spider-Man Spider-Man

Film adaptations

In 1973 the film 3 dev adam was produced without Marvel's permission. In this film, Spider-Man plays the villain and fights against Captain America and Santo . From 1978 to 1979 the television series ( The Amazing Spider-Man ) with Nicholas Hammond in the lead role was produced. Three double episodes of this series were shown and marketed as feature films in Germany.

With the movie Spider-Man , which was released in 2002, Spider-Man celebrated its greatest increase in popularity to date. The film adaptation by director Sam Raimi with Tobey Maguire in the lead role took some liberties, but was received euphorically by the general public. By August 2002, the film grossed $ 807 million worldwide.

The sequel, Spider-Man 2 , was released in 2004 and was also extremely successful with worldwide box office earnings of $ 771 million. The film won an Oscar for best visual effects .

Spider-Man 3 launched in Germany on May 1, 2007, three days before its US launch, after having previouslycelebratedits world premiere in Japan on April 17, 2007. It grossed $ 890.5 million worldwide, making it the most successful part of the trilogy and, withoutadjusting forinflation, it was ranked 22nd on the list of most successful films . With a budget of 258 million US dollars, it was the most expensive feature film to date.

The start of the shooting of Spider-Man 4 was initially delayed due to disputes over the script. Ultimately, Sony stopped production completely and from now on does without the cast Tobey Maguire , Kirsten Dunst and director Sam Raimi. Future Spider-Man films should show the main character again as a high school student. The Amazing Spider-Man premiered on June 28, 2012, with Marc Webb as director and Andrew Garfield as Peter Parker. On July 3, 2014, the sequel The Amazing Spider-Man 2: Rise of Electro was released . After the film fell short of financial expectations, Sony and Disney agreed to reintroduce Spider-Man to the Marvel Cinematic Universe . Tom Holland first played the role of Spider-Man in The First Avenger: Civil War , released in 2016 , before returning to the role in a solo film directed by Jon Watts in 2017 . He was also seen again as Spider-Man in the movie Avengers: Infinity War .

year title Original title Director Spider-Man cast annotation
German series evaluation
1977 Spider-Man - the spider man The Amazing Spider-Man Depending on the episodes Nicholas Hammond Extracts from the television series
1978 Spider-Man strikes back
1981 Spider-Man versus the yellow dragon
Spider-Man trilogy
2002 Spider-Man Spider-Man Sam Raimi Tobey Maguire
2004 Spider-Man 2 Spider-Man 2
2007 Spider-Man 3 Spider-Man 3
The Amazing Spider-Man
2012 The Amazing Spider-Man The Amazing Spider-Man Marc Webb Andrew Garfield
2014 The Amazing Spider-Man 2: Rise of Electro The Amazing Spider-Man 2
Marvel Cinematic Universe
2016 The First Avenger: Civil War Captain America: Civil War Anthony and Joe Russo Tom Holland Supporting role
2017 Spider-Man: Homecoming Spider-Man: Homecoming Jon Watts
2018 Avengers: Infinity War Avengers: Infinity War Anthony and Joe Russo Supporting role
2019 Avengers: Endgame Avengers: Endgame Anthony and Joe Russo Supporting role
2019 Spider-Man: Far From Home Spider-Man: Far From Home Jon Watts
More movies
2018 Venom Venom Ruben Fleischer - Offshoot of Spider-Man
2018 Spider-Man: A New Universe Spider-Man: Into the Spider-Verse Bob Persichetti, Peter Ramsey and Rodney Rothman several Spider-Man speakers Animation film

Further adaptations

In 2010 the musical Spider-Man: Turn Off the Dark with music by Bono and The Edge as well as Reeve Carney in the lead role started on Broadway.

See also

literature

  • Lukas Etter / Thomas Nehrlich / Joanna Nowotny (eds.): Reader superheroes. Theory - History - Media . Bielefeld: transcript 2018. ISBN 978-3-8376-3869-1 .
  • Robert Moses Peaslee, Robert G. Weiner (Eds.): Web-Spinning Heroics: Critical Essays on the History and Meaning of Spider-Man. McFarland, Jefferson 2012, ISBN 978-0-7864-4627-8 .
  • Matthew K. Manning: Spider-Man. The exciting world of the superhero. Chronicle with register and numerous illustrations. Dorling Kindersley, Munich 2012, ISBN 978-3-8310-2065-2 .

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Library of Congress Receives Original Drawings for the First Spider-Man Story, "Amazing Fantasy # 15," Library of Congress, April 30th, 2008
  2. ^ A b c Why Spider-Man Is Popular , ABC News
  3. Stan Lee explains how he created Spider-Man , The Week
  4. Steve Ditko Writes About His Role In Spider-Man's Creation
  5. < IT'S STAN LEE'S UNIVERSE , vulture.com
  6. So Much More Than Spider-Man: A Birthday Tribute to Steve Ditko , Comics Alliance
  7. 50 Greatest Spider-Man Creators: Artists # 3-1 , Comic Book Resources
  8. ^ "Stan the Man & Roy the Boy: A Conversation Between Stan Lee and Roy Thomas" , Comic Book Artist  # 2 (Summer 1998). WebCitation archive .
  9. a b c d The Top 25 Spider-Man Stories Of All Time , complex.com
  10. Looking Back at Todd McFarlane's Spider-Man # 1 , Comic Alliance
  11. a b AICN COMICS STM: Q & @ 's Adler & Howard Mackie! Bug @ Geoff Johns! PREVIEWS: DEVIL'S HANDSHAKE! DAREDEVIL! TRACKER! & MORE! , Aint It Cool
  12. Spider-Man in Love , The Atlantic
  13. Comic fans fume as Marvel erases Spidey-MJ marriage , USA Today
  14. We Review Dan Slott's Entire Superior Spider-Man Saga , IGN.com
  15. 2 Great Tastes That Taste Great Together: Joe Kelly / Deadpool , Newsarama.com
  16. Serienjunkies.de : Play By Day: The animation series Ultimate Spider-Man starts on Disney XD . Viewed June 13, 2012
  17. http://www.kino.de/news/spider-man-4-gekippt-maguire-von-bord/284361.html
  18. http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2012/09/28/andrew-garfield-marc-webb-amazing-spider-man-2_n_1924327.html