Voiced labiopalatal approximant
IPA mark | ɥ |
---|---|
IPA number | 171 |
IPA character description | Latin minuscule h mirrored and upside down |
Unicode | U + 0265 (ɥ) |
HTML (dec.) | & # 613; |
X-SAMPA |
H
|
Kirshenbaum |
j<rnd>
|
a: ɥa ]
[ |
The voiced labiopalatal approximant is a half vowel (or half consonant) that does not appear in the German language . Its symbol in the International Phonetic Alphabet is [ɥ]. It can be described as a mixture of half-consonants [w] and [j], it sounds very bright.
Characteristic
- Articulation mode : Spirant ( organs of articulation are slightly contracted)
- Despite the designation as labiopalatal , [ɥ] can in reality be described more as a labialized palatal : it is articulated with the middle or the back of the tongue against the hard palate, the lips are rounded
- [ɥ] is voiced , which means that the vocal cords vibrate when it is articulated
- It's an oral consonant: the air is only expelled through the mouth
- [ɥ] is central: the air is expelled above the middle of the tongue, not over the sides.
- There cannot be an accent on [ɥ] as a sliding sound. This is only on the following vowel.
Occurrence
The French language has the approximant / ɥ /, always when u is in the hiat (before another vowel). The connection of / y / + vowel is realized as a sliding / ɥ / + vowel. In French, connections with the light vowels (/ e /, / ɛ /, / i /, / œ /, / ø /) are particularly frequent and clearly audible:
- huit (eight) [ɥit], huile (oil) [ɥil], lui (he, him) [lɥi]
- tuer (kill) [tɥe]
- L'Alpe d'Huez [lalpdˈɥɛz]
- lueur ( shine ) [lɥœʀ]
- respectueux (respectful) [ʀɛspɛktˈɥø]
Connections of / ɥ / with dark vowels (/ ɑ /, / a /, / o /, / ɔ /, / u /) are less clearly distinguishable from / y / + vowels in French. For some speakers, an approach to / y / already occurs when connecting with / œ /.
In Belgium in particular , some speakers tend to replace / ɥ / with / w / in general.
In addition to the French language, Mandarin Chinese , Abkhazian , Korean , Norwegian , Shipibo , Xumi , Iaai and Breton also have the sound / ɥ /.
See also
Pulmonary consonants according to IPA (2005) |
bilabial |
labio- dental |
dental | alveolar |
post- alveolar |
retroflex | palatal | velar | uvular |
phase- ryngal |
glottal | ||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
stl. | sth. | stl. | sth. | stl. | sth. | stl. | sth. | stl. | sth. | stl. | sth. | stl. | sth. | stl. | sth. | stl. | sth. | stl. | sth. | stl. | sth. | ||
Plosives | p | b | t | d | ʈ | ɖ | c | ɟ | k | ɡ | q | ɢ | ʔ | ||||||||||
Nasals | m | ɱ | n | ɳ | ɲ | ŋ | ɴ | ||||||||||||||||
Vibrants | ʙ | r | ʀ | ||||||||||||||||||||
Taps / flaps | ⱱ | ɾ | ɽ | ||||||||||||||||||||
Fricatives | ɸ | β | f | v | θ | ð | s | z | ʃ | ʒ | ʂ | ʐ | ç | ʝ | x | ɣ | χ | ʁ | H | ʕ | H | ɦ | |
lateral fricatives | ɬ | ɮ | |||||||||||||||||||||
Approximants | ʋ | ɹ | ɻ | j | w ¹ | ||||||||||||||||||
lateral approximants | l | ɭ | ʎ | ʟ | |||||||||||||||||||
¹ The labialised variant [ w ] was inserted here as a voiced velar approximant ( half vowel ) instead of the non-labialised variant [ ɰ ]. |