Voiced labiopalatal approximant

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IPA mark ɥ
IPA number 171
IPA character description Latin minuscule h mirrored and upside down
Unicode U + 0265 (ɥ)
HTML (dec.) & # 613;
X-SAMPA H
Kirshenbaum j<rnd>

The voiced labiopalatal approximant is a half vowel (or half consonant) that does not appear in the German language . Its symbol in the International Phonetic Alphabet is [ɥ]. It can be described as a mixture of half-consonants [w] and [j], it sounds very bright.

Characteristic

  • Articulation mode : Spirant ( organs of articulation are slightly contracted)
  • Despite the designation as labiopalatal , [ɥ] can in reality be described more as a labialized palatal : it is articulated with the middle or the back of the tongue against the hard palate, the lips are rounded
  • [ɥ] is voiced , which means that the vocal cords vibrate when it is articulated
  • It's an oral consonant: the air is only expelled through the mouth
  • [ɥ] is central: the air is expelled above the middle of the tongue, not over the sides.
  • There cannot be an accent on [ɥ] as a sliding sound. This is only on the following vowel.

Occurrence

The French language has the approximant / ɥ /, always when u is in the hiat (before another vowel). The connection of / y / + vowel is realized as a sliding / ɥ / + vowel. In French, connections with the light vowels (/ e /, / ɛ /, / i /, / œ /, / ø /) are particularly frequent and clearly audible:

  • huit (eight) [ɥit], huile (oil) [ɥil], lui (he, him) [lɥi]
  • tuer (kill) [tɥe]
  • L'Alpe d'Huez [lalpdˈɥɛz]
  • lueur ( shine ) [lɥœʀ]
  • respectueux (respectful) [ʀɛspɛktˈɥø]

Connections of / ɥ / with dark vowels (/ ɑ /, / a /, / o /, / ɔ /, / u /) are less clearly distinguishable from / y / + vowels in French. For some speakers, an approach to / y / already occurs when connecting with / œ /.

In Belgium in particular , some speakers tend to replace / ɥ / with / w / in general.

In addition to the French language, Mandarin Chinese , Abkhazian , Korean , Norwegian , Shipibo , Xumi , Iaai and Breton also have the sound / ɥ /.

See also

Pulmonary consonants
according to IPA (2005) 		bilabial labio-
dental 		dental alveolar post-
alveolar 		retroflex palatal velar uvular phase-
ryngal 		glottal
stl. sth. stl. sth. stl. sth. stl. sth. stl. sth. stl. sth. stl. sth. stl. sth. stl. sth. stl. sth. stl. sth.
Plosives ​p​ ​b​ ​t​ ​d​ ​ʈ​ ​ɖ​ ​c​ ​ɟ​ ​k​ ​ɡ​ ​q​ ​ɢ​ ​ʔ​
Nasals ​m​ ​ɱ​ ​n​ ​ɳ​ ​ɲ​ ​ŋ​ ​ɴ​
Vibrants ​ʙ​ ​r​ ​ʀ​
Taps / flaps ​ⱱ​ ​ɾ​ ​ɽ​
Fricatives ​ɸ​ ​β​ ​f​ ​v​ ​θ​ ​ð​ ​s​ ​z​ ​ʃ​ ​ʒ​ ​ʂ​ ​ʐ​ ​ç​ ​ʝ​ ​x​ ​ɣ​ ​χ​ ​ʁ​ ​H​ ​ʕ​ ​H​ ​ɦ​
lateral fricatives ​ɬ​ ​ɮ​
Approximants ​ʋ​ ​ɹ​ ​ɻ​ ​j​ ​w​ ¹
lateral approximants ​l​ ​ɭ​ ​ʎ​ ​ʟ​
¹ The labialised variant [ w ] was inserted here as a voiced velar approximant ( half vowel ) instead of the non-labialised variant [ ɰ ].