Voiceless alveolar vibrant

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IPA mark r̥
IPA number
IPA character description Latin minuscule r with a circle below
Unicode U + 0157 (r̩)
HTML (dec.) & # 343;
X-SAMPA r_0
Kirshenbaum

In phonetics, an unvoiced alveolar vibrant describes an unvoiced, consonantic vibrating sound that is formed on the upper tooth dam (the bulge behind the upper incisors), the alveolar process . To do this, the tip of the tongue touches the upper dental dam and is made to vibrate by the air flowing over it. In contrast to its voiced counterpart , it appears in very few languages ​​and is characterized by an audible breath.

Realization in various languages

Phonetic and orthographic realization of the voiceless alveolar vibrant in different languages:

  • The Icelandic addition to a voiced / r / also has a voiceless. This is spoken by some speakers as a voiceless flap . The spelling is <hr> (see also Icelandic pronunciation ).
    • Example: hr afn [ˈr̥apn̥] 'raven'
  • In Mokschanic , voiced and unvoiced / r / exist as separate phonemes. In addition, there is a voiced and an unvoiced palatal r, so that the language has four r-phonemes.
  • In Welsh there is a voiced / r / as well as a voiceless one, which is represented in writing with <rh>. The pronunciation is usually accompanied by a clearly audible breath.
    • Example: rh an [ r̥an ] 'part'

See also

Pulmonary consonants
according to IPA (2005) 		bilabial labio-
dental 		dental alveolar post-
alveolar 		retroflex palatal velar uvular phase-
ryngal 		glottal
stl. sth. stl. sth. stl. sth. stl. sth. stl. sth. stl. sth. stl. sth. stl. sth. stl. sth. stl. sth. stl. sth.
Plosives ​p​ ​b​ ​t​ ​d​ ​ʈ​ ​ɖ​ ​c​ ​ɟ​ ​k​ ​ɡ​ ​q​ ​ɢ​ ​ʔ​
Nasals ​m​ ​ɱ​ ​n​ ​ɳ​ ​ɲ​ ​ŋ​ ​ɴ​
Vibrants ​ʙ​ ​r​ ​ʀ​
Taps / flaps ​ⱱ​ ​ɾ​ ​ɽ​
Fricatives ​ɸ​ ​β​ ​f​ ​v​ ​θ​ ​ð​ ​s​ ​z​ ​ʃ​ ​ʒ​ ​ʂ​ ​ʐ​ ​ç​ ​ʝ​ ​x​ ​ɣ​ ​χ​ ​ʁ​ ​H​ ​ʕ​ ​H​ ​ɦ​
lateral fricatives ​ɬ​ ​ɮ​
Approximants ​ʋ​ ​ɹ​ ​ɻ​ ​j​ ​w​ ¹
lateral approximants ​l​ ​ɭ​ ​ʎ​ ​ʟ​
¹ The labialised variant [ w ] was inserted here as a voiced velar approximant ( half vowel ) instead of the non-labialised variant [ ɰ ].

Individual evidence

  1. ^ EFK Körner: A Minor Figure in 19th-Century French Linguistics: A. Dufriche-Desgenettee. In: Hans-Josef Niederehe, Harald Haarmann (Ed.): In Memoriam Friedrich Diez. Benjamin, Amsterdam 1976, ISBN 90-272-0891-3 , pp. 357-360, p. 359.