Mosonmagyaróvár

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Mosonmagyaróvár
Mosonmagyaróvár coat of arms
Mosonmagyaróvár (Hungary)
Mosonmagyaróvár
Mosonmagyaróvár
Basic data
State : Hungary
Region : Western Transdanubia
County : Győr-Moson-Sopron
Small area until December 31, 2012 : Mosonmagyaróvár
District since 1.1.2013 : Mosonmagyaróvár
Coordinates : 47 ° 52 '  N , 17 ° 16'  E Coordinates: 47 ° 52 '0 "  N , 17 ° 16' 0"  E
Area : 85.35  km²
Residents : 32,493 (Jan. 1, 2011)
Population density : 381 inhabitants per km²
Telephone code : (+36) 96
Postal code : 9200
KSH kódja: 04783
Structure and administration (as of 2020)
Community type : city
Structure : Lucsony, Moson, Magyaróvár, town center, Majrok
Mayor : István Árvay (Fidesz-KDNP)
Postal address : Fő u. 11
9200 Mosonmagyaróvár
Website :
(Source: A Magyar Köztársaság helységnévkönyve 2011. január 1st at Központi statisztikai hivatal )

Mosonmagyaróvár [ ˈmoʃonmɒɟɒroːvaːr ] ( German Wieselburg-Hungarian Altenburg ) is a town in the district of the same name in Győr-Moson-Sopron County in northwest Hungary .

geography

The city lies on the border with Austria directly on the M1 motorway and on the Vienna – Budapest railway line . The Leitha (Lajta) , a southern tributary of the Danube, flows through the city . The Leitha flows into the Little Danube (Mosoni-Duna) between the two districts of Moson and Magyaróvár west of the island of Szigetköz (Kleine Schütt ) .

Mosonmagyaróvár has about 32,500 inhabitants (as of 2011). The old town has an extensive pedestrian zone . In recent years considerable efforts have been made to beautify this district, including the construction of numerous new monuments. The listed ruin of the former mill and brewery complex has proven to be a problem area for many years.

history

The city of Mosonmagyaróvár was created in 1939 from the amalgamation of the cities of Moson (Wieselburg) and Magyaróvár (Hungarian-Altenburg).

In the Kingdom of Hungary , first Moson, later Magyaróvár, was the capital of Wieselburg County . Magyaróvár had been settled since Roman times and was the location of the fort "Ad Flexum" , which means "on the bend" (the Danube).

The place Altenburg (Óvár) was designated as "Hungarian-Altenburg" ("Magyar-Óvár") in order to distinguish it from the Deutsch-Altenburg in Lower Austria .

After the failure of the First Turkish Siege of Vienna , Ungarisch Altenburg was burned down by the Turks when they withdrew in 1529. After the Second Turkish Siege of Vienna , the city was again burned down by the Turks in 1683. The same fate befell most of the other places in the region.

In Hungarian Altenburg, after the Znojmo armistice, peace negotiations began in August 1809 to end the Fifth Coalition War .

Due to the Magyarization, the two cities lost their German majority towards the end of the 19th century. In most of the German-speaking villages in the surrounding area, the population remained unchanged until 1945.

In 1904 the municipality of Lutschen / Lucsony was united with Magyaróvár. In 1919 Magyaróvár was promoted to town.

In 1941 there were 466 Jews in Mosonmagyaróvár, about 3 percent of the population. After the German occupation of Hungary in March 1944, the Hungarian administration set up compulsory ghettos in May 1944, into which Jews from the area were also forced. At the beginning of June, the ghetto inmates were deported to Győr and from there to the Auschwitz concentration camp .

The majority of the previously numerically significant German-speaking population was resettled in 1945–1946.

  • Johann Nepomuk column from 1744

  • Ruins of the old mill and manorial brewery

  • Pedestrian zone and chimney of the former brewery

  • Monument to Friedrich Habsburg

  • Trianon monument

population

Population development of Moson / Wieselburg until 1910
year Residents Remarks
1659 0k. A. Hungarian market town
1696 581
1713 approx. 1,200
1833 2,976 German-Hungarian market town
1886 4,903 3,583 Germans, 933 Hungarians, 25 Croatians
1910 6,258 3,552 Hungarians, 2,567 Germans, 61 Croats
Population development of Magyaróvár / Hungarian Altenburg until 1910
year Residents Remarks
1659 0k. A. German-Hungarian market town
1696 1,573
1713 1,680
1833 2,303 German-Hungarian market town
1886 3,427 2,125 Germans, 998 Hungarians, 53 Croatians
1910 5,273 3,276 Hungarians, 1,837 Germans, 22 Croats

economy

Castle in the Magyaróvár (Hungarian Altenburg) district

Due to the proximity to the border with Austria, dentists who are not able to offer services paid for by the Austrian health insurances at a much lower price than in Austria have become an important branch of the economy. Foreign companies such as automotive suppliers or mechanical engineers have also settled in the area.

education

In Mosonmagyarovar, the Faculty of Agriculture and Food Science has West Hungarian University located. Predecessor was opened on November 6, 1850 by Heinrich Wilhelm Pabst led private higher educational institution for agriculture, which, in a first form by Albert Casimir founded when the Ducal Economic Institute in Hungarian Altenburg was officially opened on November 10, 1818 and initially trained 28 pupils. As a result of the Austro-Hungarian Compromise , the educational institution also fell to the Hungarian state. Since it was only allowed to teach in Hungarian, the traditional institution lost many of its German-speaking professors from 1870 onwards. Some of them went to the University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna (BOKU), founded in 1872 . From 1874 the educational institution was called the Hungarian Royal Academy of Agriculture.

media

To the east of Mosonmagyaróvár there is a radio station for FM and MW. The medium wave transmitter, which is operated at 1116 kHz with 2.2 kW, uses a 106 meter high transmission mast as a transmitting antenna. The antennas of the VHF transmitter are mounted on a free-standing steel lattice tower.

Personalities

sons and daughters of the town

Students and teachers of the agricultural college in Hungarian Altenburg

Other personalities associated with the city

Twin cities

Shopping street in Mosonmagyaróvár

Mosonmagyaróvár's twin cities:

literature

  • Mosonmagyaróvár , in: Guy Miron (Ed.): The Yad Vashem encyclopedia of the ghettos during the Holocaust . Yad Vashem, Jerusalem 2009, ISBN 978-965-308-345-5 , p. 499.

Web links

Commons : Mosonmagyaróvár  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Helyi önkormányzati választások 2019 - Mosonmagyaróvár (Győr-Moson-Sopron megye). Nemzeti Választási Iroda, October 13, 2019, accessed June 5, 2020 (Hungarian).
  2. ↑ VGl. the article by Ákos Méhes in the regional newspaper for the Little Hungarian Plain of August 5, 2008, kisalfold.hu
  3. ↑ Cf. István Thullner, János Husz: The resettlement of the Hungarian Germans from Wieselburg County 1945-46 , as well as level.hu
  4. ↑ a b Deák Ernő: The Wieselburg / Moson county as reflected in historical statistics. In: Burgenland homeland sheets . 3/2006, p. 104, PDF on ZOBODAT
  5. ↑ a b c d Deák Ernő: The Wieselburg / Moson county as reflected in historical statistics. In: Burgenland homeland sheets. 3/2006, p. 107, PDF on ZOBODAT
  6. ^ JC von Thiele, The Kingdom of Hungary. A topographical, historical, and statistical customer painting, volume 2 (Kaschau 1833), p. 10.
  7. ^ JC von Thiele, The Kingdom of Hungary. A topographical-historical-statistical Kundgemolder, Volume 2 (Kaschau 1833), pp. 2–3.
  8. ↑ C. Claud:  The higher agricultural training institute Hungarian-Altenburg. In:  Oesterreichische Gartenlaube. Journal for Family and People, Freedom and Progress , No. 6/1869 (Volume IV), February 8, 1869, p. 69 f. (Online at ANNO ). Template: ANNO / Maintenance / gtl.
  9. ^ A b Johann von Csaplovics : Topographical-statistical archive of the Kingdom of Ungern . Volume 2. Doll, Vienna 1821, OBV , p. 208 ( online ).
  10. ^ Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences. ( Memento of the original from December 10, 2010 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. In: uniwest.hu , (English), April 15, 2009, accessed on March 24, 2014. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.uniwest.hu
  11. ↑ III. The opening of the ducal economic institute in Altenburg. In:  Renewed patriotic sheets for the Austrian imperial state , No. 102/1818, December 23, 1818, p. 408 (online at ANNO ). Template: ANNO / Maintenance / vlb.
  12. ↑ mosonmagyarovar.hu in Hungarian , accessed on April 14, 2015.