Oberau

The title of this article is ambiguous. Further meanings are listed under Oberau (disambiguation) .

coat of arms	Germany map
	Coordinates: 47 ° 34 '  N , 11 ° 8'  E
Basic data
State :	Bavaria
Administrative region :	Upper Bavaria
County :	Garmisch-Partenkirchen
Height :	659 m above sea level NHN
Area :	17.86 km 2
Residents:	3253 (Dec. 31, 2019)
Population density :	182 inhabitants per km 2
Postal code :	82496
Area code :	08824
License plate :	Cap
Community key :	09 1 80 126
Community structure:	2 parts of the community
Address of the municipal administration:	Schmiedeweg 10 82496 Oberau
Website :	www.gemeinde-oberau.de
Mayor :	Peter Imminger ( CSU )
Location of the municipality of Oberau in the Garmisch-Partenkirchen district

Oberau is a municipality in the Upper Bavarian district of Garmisch-Partenkirchen .

geography

Oberau
Climate diagram
J F. M. A. M. J J A. S. O N D.     125   -7 -3     68   -6 1     41   -3 8th     70   3 16     113   7th 19th     151   12 23     121   12 23     160   11 22nd     112   8th 16     100   5 12     89   -4 4th     80   -7 -3 Temperature in ° C ,  precipitation in mm Source: ceb: Oberau

location

Oberau is located on the Loisach in the so-called " Zugspitzland ". It is 8 km to Garmisch-Partenkirchen and about 9 km to Oberammergau to the northwest . The Bavarian capital Munich is 90 km away, and Innsbruck in the Austrian Tyrol is 70 km away.

Parish parts

In addition to the parish village of Oberau, the wasteland of Buchwies, about one kilometer east of the village, is an officially named part of the municipality.

history

Oberau around 1900

Until the church is planted

The first written mention of the place comes from the year 750 AD. Until the 19th century the community consisted of only a few properties, which until 1803 were owned by the Ettal Monastery in the Electorate of Bavaria . The place was part of the monastery court of Murnau. Until 1802 Oberau was a border town. The immediate empire county of Werdenfels began south of the village . In the course of the administrative reforms in the Kingdom of Bavaria , today's municipality was created with the municipal edict of 1818 .

19th and 20th centuries

The Loisach served the Oberauer raftsmen, who mainly brought gypsum and wood to Munich and Vienna, as a traffic route. The sale of gypsum brought the place a special period of prosperity from the end of the 18th to the middle of the 19th century. The location at the fork of two old highways connecting Venice with Augsburg was another source of prosperity.

When, in the second half of the 19th century, the railroad replaced rafting and gypsum production became unprofitable, water power and abundance of wood became relevant as new economic factors. Industrial companies settled here, Oberau became a train station and the new Ettaler Bergstrasse was opened.

Between 1908 and 1914 Wassily Kandinsky , Marianne von Werefkin and Alexej Jawlensky stayed in Oberau on various occasions and painted motifs in and around the town. In 1908 Kandinsky painted his “Autumn Study near Oberau” there, which was stylistically still strongly influenced by Neo-Impressionism . In 1910, Jawlensky and Werefkin turned their attention to a "shingle factory".

Population development

Between 1988 and 2018, the municipality grew from 2,547 to 3,399 by 852 inhabitants or 33.5%.

year	1840	1900	1925	1939	1950	1961 1	1970 2	1987 3	1991	1995	2000	2005	2010	2015
Residents	164	363	601	1216	1907	2192	2426	2599	2683	2852	2839	3113	3006	3245

¹ census on June 6;    ² May 27 census;    ³ May 25 census; from 1991: December 31;
Source: Statistics Bavaria

politics

Municipal council

The municipal council consists of 16 members and the honorary mayor Peter Imminger (CSU).

In the 2008 local elections , the CSU achieved an absolute majority with nine seats, followed by the Oberau Free Voting Association , which received 5 seats. The remaining two seats went to the SPD . Peter Imminger was confirmed in office with 75.5% of the votes.

The 2014 local elections only resulted in changes of a few percentage points, so the distribution of seats did not change. With 93.4%, Peter Imminger was re-elected without an opponent.

Party / list	2008 election		Election 2014
	Share of votes	Seats	Share of votes	Seats
Christian Social Union in Bavaria (CSU)	55.8%	9 seats	55.5%	9 seats
Free voter community Oberau (FWG)	29.6%	5 seats	31.7%	5 seats
Social Democratic Party of Germany (SPD)	14.6%	2 seats	12.8%	2 seats

Community finances

In 2011 the municipal tax revenue amounted to € 2.068 million, of which € 571,000 was trade tax revenue (net).

coat of arms

On the coat of arms, a silver mill wheel is depicted on a blue background over running water. The mill wheel symbolizes the historical importance of the water power of the Gießenbach and Loisach as a traffic route for the economy of the community. The 14 blades of the mill wheel represent the 14 farms that have settled in the valley. The colors silver and blue are reminiscent of the close relationship with Ettal Abbey and the Bavarian state colors.

Culture and sights

St. George's Chapel above Oberau

See also : List of architectural monuments in Oberau

Between Oberau and Farchant there are two ski jumping facilities from the Thirty Years War and from the time of the War of the Spanish Succession .

Nativity Museum

In Oberau there is a crib museum with twelve Christmas cribs of different styles with a total area of ​​100 m². The centerpiece of the exhibition is a 12 m² annual nativity scene showing 25 scenes from the life of Jesus.

Sports

The largest sports club in town is FC Oberau, which was founded in 1927 and had more than 700 members in 1996, of which around 250 were children and young people. The club operates the football , women's football , gymnastics , alpine skiing and volleyball departments . One of the club's greatest successes was the 3-2 win against TSV 1860 Munich in the first round of the DFB Cup in 1960/61 . The game took place in front of 2,400 spectators, which is a club history record.

A new artificial turf pitch was inaugurated in July 2012 .

The 18-hole golf course of the Garmisch-Partenkirchen golf club is located in Oberau .

Club life

Various clubs are active in the village. The largest are, after the FC Oberau with approx. 700 members, the VTV Oberau with approx. 200, the ice stock club with approx. 165 and the veterans and warrior club with approx. 150 members.

Soil monuments

See: List of soil monuments in Oberau

Economy and Infrastructure

economy

In 2011 there were no employees in the field of agriculture and forestry, 221 in the manufacturing sector and 181 in the trade and transport sector at the place of work. In other economic sectors, 147 people were employed at the place of work subject to social security contributions. There were a total of 989 employees at the place of residence subject to social insurance contributions. There was one company in the manufacturing sector and five companies in the main construction sector. In 2010 there were also six farms that farmed a total of 119 ha.

traffic

Road traffic

The federal highway 2 leads through Oberau , from which the federal highway 23 branches off in the direction of Oberammergau, Peiting and Augsburg . The ascent of this main road to the Ettaler Sattel, whose pass height is about 200 m above Oberau, begins directly after the village. The place lies between the end of the federal motorway 95 (Munich – Garmisch-Partenkirchen) and the motorway-like bypass of the neighboring village of Farchant, which was put into operation in 2000. Around 26,000 cars drive through the town center every day, and this figure is significantly higher on weekends. Therefore, for almost 40 years, citizens have been demanding that this traffic load be shifted by building a tunnel. The citizens' initiative for traffic relief Oberau, or VEO for short, founded in 2001, has set itself the task of drawing attention to the traffic situation and has since called for the construction of a new tunnel and the B23. A plan approval decision has been available for the tunnel since 2010. Construction of the Oberau tunnel began on September 1, 2015.

Rail transport

Oberau station (2009)

Oberau has its own train station on the Munich – Garmisch-Partenkirchen railway line . In addition to the local trains on the Munich-Mittenwald and Munich-Innsbruck routes, some ICEs also stop there . After Züssow in Western Pomerania, Oberau is Germany's smallest town with an ICE connection.

Bus transport

The following regional bus lines ( Oberbayernbus ) stop at or near the train station:

line	Line designation	Line course
9606	Regional bus	Upper Bavaria bus: Garmisch-Partenkirchen Post / Bf - Oberau - Oberammergau (- Echelsbacher Brücke - Füssen / Wieskirche )
9607	Regional bus	Upper Bavaria bus: Ettal - Oberau - Ohlstadt - Murnau

education

In Oberau there is a kindergarten with 100 places, 81 of which are occupied (2011). The elementary school is designed as a primary and secondary school and is attended by around 242 students (2011/12) who are taught by a total of 20 teachers. The school is a model school for the support of students with large learning and performance gaps. A “practice class” was set up for these children. In addition, the school has been one of 37 inclusive schools in Bavaria since the 2011/2012 school year . Here children with disabilities are taught together with all other students.

Senior care

In 2010 there was a facility for the elderly in Oberau with a total of 133 places, 101 of which were occupied.

Personalities

• Joseph Alois Daisenberger (1799–1883), lyricist for the Oberammergau Passion Play , was born in Oberau.
• Hans-Jürgen Bäumler (* 1942), figure skater, spent childhood and youth with his mother in Oberau.
• Rebecca Huyleur (* 1992), soccer player, was active at FC Oberau for nine seasons.
• Janosch , answered the question “Where do you have to be once in life?”: “In Oberau. You can do great skiing there in winter and there is a cheap outdoor swimming pool in summer. "

literature

• Heinz Schelle: The golden meadow. An Oberau chronicle with pictures . Garmisch-Partenkirchen 1982.
• Heinz Schelle: Chronicle of a farmer's life two hundred years ago . Rosenheimer Verlagshaus, Rosenheim 1988, ISBN 3-475-52560-7 .
• Heinz Schelle: On the trail of something forgotten: An existence in a painful time . via verbis / via verbis bavarica, Taufkirchen 2010, ISBN 3-935115-37-7 .

Web links

Commons : Oberau  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Wikivoyage: Oberau  - travel guide

• Entry on the coat of arms of Oberau  in the database of the House of Bavarian History

• Homepage of the community
• Private homepage with information from Oberau
• Oberau: Official statistics of the LfStat

Individual evidence

1. ↑ "Data 2" sheet, Statistical Report A1200C 202041 Population of the municipalities, districts and administrative districts 1st quarter 2020 (population based on the 2011 census) ( help ).
2. ^ Oberau in the local database of the Bayerische Landesbibliothek Online . Bayerische Staatsbibliothek, accessed on September 5, 2019.
3. ↑ On Kandinsky cf. z. E.g .: Hans Konrad Roethel and Jean K. Benjamin, Kandinsky, catalog raisonné of oil paintings 1900-1915, vol. I, London 1982, nos. 226 and 248; on Werefkin cf. z. E.g .: Bernd Fäthke, Marianne Werefkin, Munich 2001, fig. 132; on Jawlensky cf. z. B. Maria Jawlensky, Lucia Pieroni-Jawlensky and Angelica Jawlensky (eds.), Alexej von Jawlensky, Catalog Raisonné of the oil-paintings, Vol. 1, Munich 1991, No. 342
4. ↑ Wassily Kandinsky - Autumn study at Oberau on vontobel-art.com
5. ↑ Alexej von Jawlensky - Oberau Factory on bildergipfel.de
6. ↑ Marianne von Werefkin - Schindelfabrik (in Oberau) on flickr.com
7. ↑ ^{a b c d e f} Bavarian State Office for Statistics and Data Processing - Municipal Statistics 2012: Oberau (PDF file; 1.67 MB)
8. ↑ Results of the local elections on lra-gap.de, accessed on March 21, 2014 ( Memento of the original from March 22, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. 
9. ^ House of Bavarian History - Bavaria's municipalities, municipality of Oberau Website of the House of Bavarian History. Retrieved June 23, 2017.
10. ↑ Oberau Crib Museum. (No longer available online.) Municipality of Oberau, archived from the original on July 5, 2013 ; Retrieved April 6, 2013 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  
11. ↑ history of FC Oberaus. FC Oberau, accessed on April 6, 2013 . 
12. ↑ Current association organization. (No longer available online.) FC Oberau, archived from the original on June 11, 2013 ; Retrieved April 6, 2013 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  
13. ↑ space information. Golf Club Garmisch-Partenkirchen e. V., accessed April 6, 2013 . 
14. ↑ Associations. Oberau community, accessed on May 7, 2013 . 
15. ↑ Bundesstraße B 2 Munich - Garmisch-Partenkirchen: New building / expansion between Eschenlohe and Oberau-Süd (PDF; 359 kB) on abdsb.bayern.de
16. ↑ Planning approval decisions 2010. Government of Upper Bavaria, accessed on May 6, 2013 . 
17. ^ Oberau: A tunnel for the divided village ; in: Merkur Online from August 30, 2015
18. ↑ Practice class. Oberau elementary and middle school, accessed on May 6, 2013 . 
19. ↑ Oberau elementary school becomes an inclusion center. Merkur-online, June 28, 2011, accessed May 6, 2013 . 
20. ↑ Zeit-Magazin No. 20, May 9, 2019, p. 5.